Chapter VI   Rūpasaṅgahavibhāgo（色之概要）

6.3 色之分別（Rūpavibhāga）

6.3.1 一種

Sabbañ ca pan' etaṃ rūpaṃ ahetukaṃ, sappaccayaṃ, sāsavaṃ, saṅkhataṃ, lokiyaṃ, kāmāvacaraṃ, anārammaṇam, appahātabbam evā ti ekavidham pi ajjhattikabāhirādivasena bahudhā bhedaṃ gacchati.

Now all this matter is one-fold in so far as it is all: rootless, causal, subject to defilements, conditioned, mundane, pertaining to the Kāma-Sphere, objectless, not to be eradicated. When conceived as internal and external, etc., matter becomes manifold.

於此，一切色是一種，因為它們都是：無因（無根）、有緣、有漏、有為、世間、屬於欲界、無所緣、非當斷。然而依內、外等區別，（色）則被分為多種。

NOTES

Sabba: (adj) all, every, whose, entire

Pana: (adv) now, further; but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however

Esa, eso: (pron) this; that   (n) etaṃ, (before a vowel) etad   pl. etāni

Rūpa: (n) form, figure, shape; image, representation; the body; beauty; natural state; characteristic  色

Ahetuka: (adj) without a cause, rootless  無因的

Sa-: (prefix) with, and

Paccaya: (m) cause, motive; a requisite or necessary; belief, trust, faith

Sappaccaya: (adj) having a cause  有緣的

Āsava: (m) oozing, scum; misfortune; human passion, sin, corruption, depravity  漏

Sāsava: (adj) subject to defilements or taints  有漏的

Saṅkhata: (pp. adj) aggregated, put together; made, created; cooked, dressed; conditioned (including all things that proceed from a cause, except ākāsa and nirvāṇa)  有為的

Lokiya: (adj) mundane, worldly, earthly, temporal; common, popular  世間的

Kāmāvacara: (m/adj) Sense-Sphere; within the domain of sensual pleasure, belonging to the Kāmaloka  欲界

Ārammaṇa: (n) that on which anything rests or dwells, a support, stay, basis, ground, cause, material; an object of sense; a thought, an idea  所緣

Anārammaṇa: (adj) without an object, objectless  無所緣的

Pajahati: to forsake, abandon, give up, renounce, get rid of, escape from    ger. pahāya, pahatvā, pajahitvā     pp. pahīna: relinquished, abandoned, ceased     pfp. pahātabba

Appahātabba: (adj) not to be abandoned or eradicated  非當斷的

Eka: (adj) one, single; alone; a certain; the same; chief; unique

Vidha: (m) part, fold; kind, sort; form, measure  部分，種類

Ajjhattika: (adj) relating to belonging to the individual or self, personal; internal; subjective  個人的，內在的

Bāhira: (adj) external (to the individual); foreign; heretical; objective  外在的

Ādi: (m) beginning, starting point; -ādi, formed as the latter part of a compound, nearly equivalent to “et cetera”; -ādayo, the compound is in the masc. plural; ādīni, the compound is in the neuter plural  …等

Vasena: (ins. of vasa; used adverbially, either with a gen. or as the last part of a compound) according to, for the sake of, on account of, by means of, for, as

Bahudhā: (adv) in many ways

Bheda: (m) breaking; rending; division; disunion; breach; schism; sort, kind  分別

Gacchati: to go, go to, proceed; depart

6.3.2 多種

Kathaṃ?

Pasādasaṅkhātaṃ pañcavidham pi ajjhattikarūpaṃ nāma; itaraṃ bāhirarūpaṃ.

Pasāda-hadayasaṅkhātaṃ chabbidham pi vatthurūpaṃ nāma; itaraṃ avatthurūpaṃ.

Pasāda-viññattisaṅkhātaṃ sattavidham pi dvārarūpaṃ nāma; itaraṃ advārarūpaṃ.

Pasāda-bhāva-jīvitasaṅkhātaṃ aṭṭhavidham pi indriyarūpaṃ nāma; itaraṃ anindriyarūpaṃ.

How?

The five kinds of sensitive material phenomena are internal; the rest are external.

The six kinds, comprising the sensitive organs and the heart, are material phenomena that are bases; the rest are not bases.

The seven kinds, comprising the sensitive organs and (the two) media of intimation, are material phenomena that are doors; the rest are not doors.

The eight kinds, comprising the sensitive organs, sex states, and vitality, are material phenomena with a controlling faculty; the rest are without a controlling faculty.

如何？

五種淨色名為內色，其餘的是外色。

淨色與心色六種名為依處色，其餘的是非依處色。

淨色與表色七種名為門色，其餘的是非門色。

淨色、性根色與命根色八種名為根色，其餘的是非根色。

NOTES

Kathaṃ: (adv) how

Pasāda: (m) brightness, clearness, purity; joy, serenity of mind; faith; in function of sense agency, sensitive surface; sensory receptive substance in the five sense organs  淨，淨色

Saṅkhāta, saṅkhyāta: (pp. saṅkhāti) reckoned, numbered; considered, called, named; weighed, estimated, learned

Pañca: (num) five

Nāma: (adv) by name, namely; indeed  名為

Itara: (adj) other; different; remaining

Hadaya: (n) the heart, the mind  心

Chabbidha: (adj) six-fold

Vatthu: (n) substance, object, thing, matter; occasion, cause; story, narrative; base  依處     (abl.) vatthuto

Viññatti: (f) intimation, information; intimation of a want, asking  表示，暗示

Satta: (num) seven

Dvāra: (n) a door, gate; an entrance, an aperture  門

Bhāva: (m) property, nature, state, condition; meaning, intention; gesture; substance, thing  性

Jīvita: (n) life, vitality

Aṭṭha: (num) eight

Indriya: (n) an organ of sense; a power, faculty; function, organ; a moral quality; sense, perception, acquisition; sex  根，感官

Pasāda-visayasaṅkhātaṃ dvādasavidham pi oḷārikarūpaṃ, santike rūpaṃ, sappaṭigharūpañ ca; itaraṃ sukhumarūpaṃ, dūre rūpaṃ, appaṭigharūpañ ca.

Kammajaṃ upādiṇṇarūpaṃ; itaraṃ anupādiṇṇarūpaṃ.

Rūpāyatanaṃ sanidassanarūpaṃ; itaraṃ anidassanarūpaṃ.

The twelve kinds, comprising the (five) sensitive organs and (seven) sense-objects are gross, proximate and impinging material phenomena; the rest are subtle, distant, and non-impinging.

Material phenomena born of Kamma are ‘grasped at’; the others are ‘not grasped at’.

The visible form base is visible; the rest are invisible.

粗色、近色與撞擊色包含五淨色與（七）境色十二種，其餘的是細色、遠色與非撞擊色。

業生色是「執取色」，其餘的是「非執取色」。

色處是可見色，其餘的是不可見色。

NOTES

Visaya: (m) an object of sense; realm, domain, range, sphere, scope; district, region, country

Dvādasa: (num) 12, twelve

Oḷārika: (adj) gross, coarse, material, ample

Santika: (n) vicinity, presence    (adj) near    loc. santike: in the presence of

Sappaṭigha: (adj) producing reaction, reacting, impinging  撞擊

Itara: (adj) other; different; remaining

Sukhuma: (adj) small, minute; subtle; accurate; delicate, exquisite  微細的

Dūra: (adj) far, distant, remote    loc. dūre: at a distance; away from, far from

Appaṭigha: (adj) not reacting or impinging

Kammaja: (adj) resulting from karma, caused by karma

Upādiṇṇa: (pp. upādiyati) grasped at, laid hold of  執取

Anupādiṇṇa: (pp) not grasped at

Āyatana: (n) place, dwelling, abode, home, seat; altar, shrine; place of origin, source, cause, origin  處

Nidassana: (n) pointing out, indicating, designation; example, illustration; characteristic; sign; sight, view

Sanidassana: (adj) visible

Anidassana: (adj) invisible

Cakkhādidvayaṃ asampattavasena, ghānādittayaṃ sampattavasenā ti pañcavidham pi gocaraggāhikarūpaṃ; itaraṃ agocaraggāhikarūpaṃ.

Vaṇṇo, gandho, raso, ojā, bhūtacatukkañ cā ti aṭṭhavidham pi avinibbhogarūpaṃ; itaraṃ vinibbhogarūpaṃ.

Eye and ear, as not reaching (the object), and nose, tongue and body, as reaching (the object), are five kinds of material phenomena that take objects; the others do not.

Colour, odour, taste, nutritive essence and the four Essentials are the eight kinds of material phenomena that are inseparable; the rest are separable.

眼與耳兩個不到達（其所緣境），鼻、舌與身三個則到達（其所緣境），這五種是取境色，其餘的是不取境色。

顏色、香、味、食素（營養）與四大元素是八不分離色，其餘的是分離色。

NOTES

Cakkhu: (m/n) the eye; insight; supernatural insight or knowledge  眼

Dvaya: (adj) two, of two sorts    (n) a pair, a couple

Asampatta: (pp. adj) not reached, not arrived, not come to, not present

Ghāna: (n) the nose, the organ of smell  鼻

Tayo: (num. m.) three   loc. tīsu     (f) tisso     (n) tīṇi     Frequently at the end of a compound, the whole forming a neut. noun.  -ttayaṃ

Sampatta: (pp. sampāpuṇāti) reached, arrived, come to, present

Pañca: (num) five

Gocara: (m) pasture, abode, sphere, resort; an object of sense as form, sound, etc.  所緣，（感官）目標

Gāhika: (adj) grasping, taking up, striving after

Vaṇṇa: (m) appearance, complexion, form, figure; color; sort, kind; tribe, caste; beauty; praise; a letter, vowel, syllable; quality, property

Gandha: (m) smell, odor; perfume, fragrance; fragrant substance  香

Rasa: (m) flavor, taste; sap, juice; best part or extract of a thing, essence, sweetness; fluid, liquid; quicksilver; sentiment; vigor, strength  味

Ojā: (f) nutritive essence; vitality, sap of life, strength; sap, juice  食素

Bhūta: (pp. bhavati) been, become, being; gone, past, former; real, true, right

Catukka: (adj) consisting of four, fourfold

Avinibbhoga: (adj) not to be distinguished, indistinct; inseparable

Vinibbhoga: (adj) separable; lacking, deprived of

6.3.3 總結

Icc' evam aṭṭhavīsati vidham pi ca vicakkhaṇā

Ajjhattikādibhedena vibhajanti yathārahaṃ.

Ayam ettha rūpavibhāgo.

Thus the wise analyse, accordingly, the 28 kinds of matter with respect to such divisions as ‘internal’ and so forth.

Herein, this is the analysis of Matter.

如是智者依內（外）等適切地分析二十八種色法。

於此，這是色之分別。

NOTES

Evaṃ: (adv) thus  如是

Aṭṭhavīsa: (num) 28, twenty-eight

Vicakkhaṇa: (m) one who can discern, a wise person    (n) attention, wit    (adj) attentive, watchful; sensible, skillful; knowing, wise, discerning

Vibhajati: to divide, apportion; analyze, distinguish, go into details, be minutely accurate  區分，剖析

Yathārahaṃ: (adv) according to worth; properly, satisfactorily, correctly, appropriately, duly

Ayaṃ: (pron. nom. m/f) this

Ettha: (adv) here; herein; now

Vibhāga: (m) division, analysis  分析，分別