Chapter VI   Rūpasaṅgahavibhāgo（色之概要）

6.2 列舉色法（Rūpasamuddesa）

6.2.1 四大元素與所造色（Mahābhūta and Upādāyarūpa）

Cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañ ca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya rūpan ti duvidham p' etaṃ rūpaṃ ekādasavidhena saṅgahaṃ gacchati.

Matter is twofold - namely, the four great essentials and material phenomena derived from them. These two constitute eleven species.

色法有兩種，即：四大元素及由四大元素所造的色法。這兩者包含了十一類（色法）。

NOTES

Cattāro, caturo: (m. num) four    (n) cattāri     (f) catasso     gen./dat. catunnaṃ

Mahābhūta: (m/n) great element, a principal element  大種，四大元素

Upādāya: (ger. upādiyati) clinging; beginning with; out of; with reference to

Rūpa: (n) form, figure, shape; image, representation; the body; beauty; natural state; characteristic  色

Upādāya rūpa: (n) material phenomena derived from the four great essentials  所造色，衍生色

Dve, dvi-, di-, du-, dvā-, bā-: (num) two

Vidha: (m) part, fold; kind, sort; form, measure  部分，種類

Esa, eso: (pron) this; that   (n) etaṃ, (before a vowel) etad   pl. etāni

Ekādasa: (num) eleven

Saṅgaha: (m) taking, collecting; classification, conjunction, assemblage; compilation, abridgement; favor, kindness  概要，分析，組合，攝

Gacchati: to go, go to, proceed; depart

Saṅgahaṃ gacchati: to constitute, be grouped together

6.2.2 完成色（Nipphannarūpa）

Kathaṃ?

1. Paṭhavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu bhūtarūpaṃ nāma.

2. Cakkhu, sotaṃ, ghānaṃ, jivhā, kāyo pasādarūpaṃ nāma.

3. Rūpaṃ, saddo, gandho, raso, āpodhātuvajjitaṃ bhūtattaya-saṅkhātaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ gocararūpaṃ nāma.

4. Itthattaṃ purisattaṃ bhāvarūpaṃ nāma.

5. Hadayavatthu hadayarūpaṃ nāma.

6. Jīvitindriyaṃ jīvitarūpaṃ nāma.

7. KabaIīkāro āhāro āhārarūpaṃ nāma.

How?

(1) Essential material phenomena: the element of extension (earth), the element of cohesion (water), the element of heat (fire), and the element of motion (air).

(2) Sensitive material phenomena: eye, ear, nose, tongue, and body.

(3) Objective material phenomena: form, sound, odour, taste and tangibility, the latter found in the three essentials excluding the water element.

(4) Material phenomena of sex: femininity and masculinity.

(5) Material phenomenon of the heart: the heart-base.

(6) Material phenomenon of life: vital principle (life faculty).

(7) Material phenomenon of nutrition: edible food.

如何？

一、元素色，即：地界、水界、火界與風界。

二、淨色，即：眼、耳、鼻、舌與身。

三、境色，即：顏色、聲、香、味與觸，後者包含在除去水界的三大元素。

四、性根色，即：女根色與男根色。

五、心色，即：心所依處。

六、命色，即：命根。

七、食色，即：段食。

Iti ca aṭṭhārasavidham p' etaṃ sabhāvarūpaṃ, salakkhaṇarūpaṃ, nipphannarūpaṃ, rūparūpaṃ, sammasanarūpan ti ca saṅgahaṃ gacchati.

Thus these eighteen kinds of material phenomena are grouped together as: matter possessing intrinsic nature, matter possessing respective characteristics, concretely produced matter, material matter, and matter to be comprehended by insight.

如是這十八種色法合為一組，（因為它們）有自性色、有相色、完成色、色色（真實色）及觀智所思惟色。

NOTES

Kathaṃ: (adv) how

Paṭhavī (pathavī, puthuvī, puthavī): (f) the earth  地

Dhātu: (m/f) primary or elementary substance, element; principle; a property of a primary substance, such as color, sound, taste, etc.; an organ of sense; a constituent of the body, as flesh, blood, bones; the remains of a body after cremation; a sacred relic; a fossil; a metal  界，元素，（火化後）遺骨等等

Āpa: (m) water  水

Teja: (m/n) fire, flame, heat; light, brilliancy; glory; influence; power  火

Vāya, vāyu: (m) air, wind  風

Bhūta: (pp. bhavati) been, become, being; gone, past, former; real, true, right

Bhūtarūpa: (n) the essential material phenomena  元素色，種色

Nāma: (adv) by name, namely  名為

Cakkhu: (m/n) the eye; insight; supernatural insight or knowledge  眼

Sota: (n) the ear, organ of hearing  耳

Ghāna: (n) the nose, the organ of smell  鼻

Jivhā: (f) the tongue  舌

Kāya: (m) the body; collection, multitude  身

Pasāda: (m) brightness, clearness, purity; joy, serenity of mind; faith; in function of sense agency, sensitive surface; sensory receptive substance in the five sense organs  淨，淨色

Sadda: (m) sound, noise; voice; a word  聲

Gandha: (m) smell, odor; perfume, fragrance; fragrant substance  香

Rasa: (m) flavor, taste; sap, juice; best part or extract of a thing, essence, sweetness; fluid, liquid; quicksilver; sentiment; vigor, strength  味

Vajjita: (pp. vajjeti) without, except, be removed, excluding

Tayo: (num. m.) three   loc. tīsu     (f) tisso     (n) tīṇi     Frequently at the end of a compound, the whole forming a neut. noun.  -ttayaṃ

Saṅkhāta, saṅkhyāta: (pp. saṅkhāti) reckoned, numbered; considered, called, named; weighed, estimated, learned

Phoṭṭhabba: (n) touch, contact  觸

Gocara: (m) pasture, abode, sphere, resort; an object of sense as form, sound, etc.  所緣，（感官）目標

Gocararūpa: (n) objective material phenomena  境色

Itthatta: (n) state or condition of femininity, womanhood  女性，女根

Purisatta: (n) state or condition of masculinity, manhood  男性，男根

Bhāva: (m) property, nature, state, condition; meaning, intention; gesture; substance, thing

Bhāvarūpa: (n) material phenomena of sex  性根色，性色

Hadaya: (n) the heart, the mind  心

Vatthu: (n) substance, object, thing, matter; occasion, cause; story, narrative; base  依處

Jīvitindriya: (n) principle of life, life, vitality  命根

Jīvita: (n) life

KabaIiṅkāra, kabaIīkāra: (adj) made into balls or mouthfuls

Āhāra: (m) food, nutriment, nourishment; cause

Iti, ti, icc (before a vowel): (adv) thus; generally placed at the end of a book, or of a chapter or section, to introduce the title

Aṭṭhārasa: (num) 18, eighteen

Sabhāva: (m) natural state, nature; disposition; truth, reality  自性

Sabhāvarūpa: (n) matter possessing intrinsic nature  自性色

Lakkhaṇa: (n) sign, characteristic, mark; esp. a sign as implying something extraordinary or pointing to the future, therefore a prognosticative mark; a distinguishing mark or salient feature, property, quality  相

Salakkhaṇa: (n) own characteristic, that which is consistent with one's own nature      (adj) together with the characteristics  自相，有相

Salakkhaṇarūpa: (n) matter possessing respective characteristics  自相色，有相色

Nippajjati, nipphajjati: to be produced, be accomplished, be effected, succeed; spring forth, ripen, result, happen     pp. nipphanna

Nipphannarūpa: (n) concretely produced matter  完成色

Rūparūpa: (n) material matter possessing matter’s essential characteristic of undergoing change and deformation  色色

Sammasana: (n) seizing or grasping with the mind, gaining a thorough knowledge of, mastering, meditating on

Sammasanarūpa: (n) matter to be comprehended by insight  思惟色，觀智所思惟色

6.2.3 不完成色（Anipphannarūpa）

8. Ākāsadhātu paricchedarūpaṃ nāma.

9. Kāyaviññatti vacīviññatti viññattirūpaṃ nāma.

10. Rūpassa lahutā, mudutā, kammaññatā, viññattidvayaṃ vikārarūpaṃ nāma.

11. Rūpassa upacayo, santati, jaratā, aniccatā lakkhaṇarūpaṃ nāma. Jātirūpam eva pan' ettha upacayasantatināmena pavuccati.

(8) Limiting material phenomenon: the element of space.

(9) Intimating material phenomenon: bodily intimation and vocal intimation.

(10) Mutable material phenomena: material lightness, softness, adaptability, and the two forms of intimation.

(11) Characteristic material phenomena: material productivity, continuity, decay and impermanence. Here by productivity and continuity are meant the material phenomenon of birth.

八、限制色，即：空界。

九、表色，即：身表與語表。

十、變化色，即：色輕快性、色柔軟性、色適業性及（身、語）兩種表色。

十一、相色，即：色積集、色相續、色老性及色無常性。在此，積集與相續被稱為生色。

NOTES

Ākāsa: (m) the sky, air, heaven; the open air; space  空

Pariccheda: (m) division, separation, discrimination; definition; decision, judgement; limit, boundary, extent; section, region; chapter of a book

Paricchedarūpa: (n) limiting material phenomenon  限制色，限界色

Viññatti: (f) intimation, information; intimation of a want, asking  表示，暗示

Kāyaviññatti: (f) bodily intimation  身表

Vacī: (f) speech, words  語

Vacīviññatti: (f) vocal intimation  語表

Viññattirūpa: (n) intimating material phenomenon  表色

Lahutā: (f) lightness, buoyancy  輕快性

Mudutā: (f) softness, pliancy  柔軟性

Kammaññatā: (f) adaptability, readiness  適業性

Dvaya: (adj) two, of two sorts    (n) a pair, a couple

Vikāra: (m) change, alteration; perturbation  變化

Vikārarūpa: (n) mutable material phenomena  變化色

Upacaya: (m) accumulation, increase  積集

Santati: (f) extension, continuity, duration, lineage  相續

Jaratā: (f) old age, decrepitude  老性

Aniccatā: (f) impermanence, instability, mortality  無常性

Lakkhaṇarūpa: (n) characteristic material phenomena  相色

Jāti: (f) birth, existence; lineage, family, caste; sort, kind, variety

Jātirūpa: (n) material phenomenon of birth  生色

Eva, yeva: (adv) just, quite, even, only

Pana: (adv) now, further; but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however

Ettha: (adv) here; herein; now

Pavuccati: (pass.) to be spoken of, to be called or termed    pres. 3^rd pl. pavuccare  被稱為

6.2.4 二十八種色

Iti ekādasavidham p' etaṃ rūpaṃ aṭṭhavīsatividhaṃ hoti sarūpavasena. Kathaṃ?

Bhūtappasādavisayā bhāvo hadayam icc' api

Jīvitāhārarūpehi aṭṭhārasavidhaṃ tathā.

Paricchedo ca viññatti vikāro lakkhaṇan ti ca

Anipphannā dasa cā ti aṭṭhavīsavidhaṃ bhave.

Ayam ettha rūpasamuddeso.

Thus the eleven kinds of material phenomena are treated as twenty-eight according to their intrinsic properties. How (twenty-eight)?

Essentials, sensory organs, objects, sex, heart, vitality, and nutriment - thus (concrete matter) is eighteen-fold.

Limitation (space), intimation, mutability and characteristics - thus there are ten that are not concretely produced. In all there are twenty-eight.

Herein, this is the enumeration of matter.

如是依據各自的特性，十一類色法可分別為二十八種色。如何（是二十八）？

元素、淨色、境色、性根、心色、命根色與段食是十八種完成色。

限制（空界）、表色、變化色與相色是十種不完成色。如此一共有二十八種色。

於此，這是色法的列舉。

NOTES

Ekādasa: (num) eleven

Bhavati, hoti: to be, exist, become; take place, befall; behave    opt. bhave Vasena: (ins. of vasa; used adverbially, either with a gen. or as the last part of a compound) according to, for the sake of, on account of, by means of, for, as

Visaya: (m) an object of sense; realm, domain, range, sphere, scope; district, region, country

Api, pi: (part.) also; even; though; merely

Tathā: (adv) so, thus; also  如是

Anipphanna: (pp. adj) not concretely produced, not accomplished, non-conditioned (by kamma)

Dasa: (num) ten

Aṭṭhavīsa: (num) 28, twenty-eight

Ayaṃ: (pron. nom. m/f) this

Ettha: (adv) here; herein; now

Samuddesa: (m) enumeration  列舉