Glossary of Abhidhammatthasaṅgaha (Chapter V)

［簡單字，不加中譯。一字多義者，揀其中若干關鍵義中譯、或不附中譯。］

Abbocchinna: (adj) unbroken

Ābhā: (f) splendor, radiance, light

Ābhassara: (m/adj) shining, radiant  極光淨天（舊譯光音天）

Abhijjhā: (f) covetousness  貪婪

Abhimukhī: (f) facing, towards, approaching, opposite, in front of

Abhinava: (adj) quite new, new

Abhiṇhaṃ: (adv) repeatedly

Āciṇṇa: (pp. ācarati) practiced, performed; habitual

Addhuva: (n) impermanence

Adhigacchati: to enter upon, reach, attain, acquire    ger. adhigantvā

Adhiṭṭhāna: (n) resting-place; staying; appointing, fixing; resolution, resolve

Ādi: (m) beginning, starting point; -ādi, formed as the latter part of a compound, nearly equivalent to “et cetera”; -ādayo, the compound is in the masc. plural; ādīni, the compound is in the neuter plural  …等

Ādika: (adj) beginning with, first, initial;   +ādika [=ādi]: et cetera, and the rest

Adinnādāna: (n) taking what is not given, theft  偷盜，不予取

Āgacchati: to come, approach; to arrive, return     pp. āgata

Ahetuka: (adj) without a cause, rootless  無因的

Ahosikamma: (n) a kamma that is past, expired, or spent and will bear no further phala or fruit  無效業

Akaniṭṭha: (adj) greatest, highest, sublime belonging to the Highest realm  色究竟天

Ākāsa: (m) the sky, air, heaven; the open air; space  空

Ākāsānañcāyatana:（Ākāsa + ananta (anañca)+ āyatana）(n) infinity, endlessness, boundlessness; the Realm of Infinite Space  空無邊處

Ākiñcañña: (n) nothingness, void; poverty, state of having nothing

Ākiñcaññāyatana: (n) the Realm of Nothingness  無所有處

Akusala: (adj) bad, evil, sinful, unhealthful; unskilled, unable  不善

Ālambana, -ṇa : (n) support; an object of sense  所緣，（感官）目標

Anāgāmī: (m) one who does not return, one who has entered the third path to Nirvāṇa  阿那含

Ananta: (adj) endless, eternal; boundless, infinite  無邊

Anantara: (adj) immediately following, next; adjoining

Aṅga: (n) a part, limb, member; portion, division, a cause, requisite; a quality, attribute  支，部分，屬性

Aññatara: (m/adj) one, a certain, some; some other, another

Aññatra: (adv) without, except, besides   [+ ins. / abl.]

Anta: (m/n) end; limit, boundary; proximity, side; destruction, death; lowest, inferior; interior

Antara: (prep. adv) between, within, among, in

Anumodanā, anumodana: (f/n) rejoicing, satisfaction, approval, thanks

Anurūpa: (adj) suitable, proper, conformable

Anurūpaṃ: (adv) according to

Anusāra: (m) following, conformity    ins. anusārena: according to

Anusaya: (m) inclination, thought, desire  隨眠

Apacāyana: (n) honoring, honor, worship, reverence  恭敬

Apara: (adj) other, subsequent, following, next, second; western

Aparāpariya: (apara-apariya, from aparāpara) ever-following, successive, continuous, everlasting, indefinite

Āpātha: (n) sphere, range, focus, field (of consciousness or perception), appearance

Āpātham āgacchati: to come into focus, become clear, appear

Apāya: (m) going away, departure; disappearance, loss; misfortune, ruin; state of suffering or punishment  惡趣

Apāyabhūmi: (f) the woeful plane  惡趣地

Appamāṇa: (adj) unlimited, boundless, infinite, innumerable

Appamāṇābha: (m/adj) of infinite splendor  無量光天

Appamāṇasubha: (m/adj) of infinite beauty or glory  無量淨天

Appanā: (f) absorption (of mind), ecstasy, fixing of thought on an object  安止

Ārabhati: to begin; undertake; attempt; exert oneself; obtain by exertion     ger. ārabbha     pp. āraddha

Ariya: (m) a venerable or holy man, a saint; one who has entered on the Four Paths; one who has attained final sanctification, an Arhat

     (adj) honorable, venerable, noble, eminent, holy, sanctified

Arūpabhūmi: (f) the Arūpa plane  無色界地

Arūpāvacara: (m) realm or world of Formlessness  無色界

Āruppa: (adj) formless, incorporeal, belonging to Arūpabrahmaloka  無色

Āsanna: (pp./adj) near, proximate

Asañña: (adj) mindless, unconscious  無想

Asaññasatta: (m/adj) unconscious; mindless being  無想有情天

Asura: (m) an Asura, a Titan or fallen angel  阿修羅

Asurakāya: (m) the host of Asuras  阿修羅群

Atappa: (adj) not scorched, not worried or distressed; belonging to the Serene realm  無熱天

Atīta: (pp. acceti) past, elapsed; passed; having transgressed  過去

Aṭṭha: (num) eight     gen./dat. aṭṭhannaṃ

Atthi: to be, exist    opt. 3^rd pl. siyuṃ, assu, siyaṃsu    neg. natthi: there is (are) not, not exist   pres. 3^rd pl. santi    ppr. santa   loc. sati   neg. asati

Avasāna, osāna: (n) end, conclusion    loc. avasāne: in the end, finally

Avatthuka: (adj) without vatthu, baseless

Aviha: (adj) not falling away; not thinking; belonging to the Durable realm  無煩天

Avijjā: (f) ignorance  無明

Ayaṃ: (pron. nom. m/f) this

Āyatana: (n) place, dwelling, abode, home, seat; altar, shrine; place of origin, source, cause, origin  處

Āyu: (n) life  壽命

Āyukkhaya: (m) cessation of life, death  壽盡

Āyuppamāṇa: (n) life-span  壽元

Bāhulla: (n) abundance    (ins) bāhullena: generally, mostly

Bala: (n) strength, power, force; an army, troops, forces

Bandhana: (n) bonds, binding; a fetter; a band, ligature; snare, trap; stalk

Bhāga: (m) a portion, part, share

Bhava: (m) being, existence; birth, origin; renewed existence, Saṃsāra; gain, increase, welfare  有，生

Bhāva: (m) property, nature, state, condition; meaning, intention; gesture; substance, thing

Bhāvanā: (f) developing, attaining, being devoted to; meditation  修習

Bhavaṅga: (n) life-continuum; factor of existence  有分

Bhavantara: (n) another birth or existence, either a previous or a subsequent one  前生或來世

Bhavati, hoti: to be, exist, become; take place, befall; behave    ger. hutvā

Bheda: (m) breaking; rending; division; disunion; breach; schism; sort, kind  分別

Bhūmi: (f) the earth; place; stage; state; the ground; story of a house  地

Bhumma: (adj) terrestrial

Bhummassita: (adj) earth-bound

Bhūta: (pp. bhavati) been, become, being; gone, past, former; real, true, right

Brahmā: (m) Mahābrahma, the Hindu Brahma  梵天

Brahmapārisajja: (m/adj) belonging to the retinue of Mahābrahma  梵眾天

Brahmapurohita: (m) minister or priest to Mahābrahma

     (adj) belonging to the realm of Brahma’s Ministers  梵輔天

Budha: (adj) wise     (m) a wise person

Cakka: (n) a wheel; a potter’s wheel; a circle; discus; an army; a multitude; a body of religious doctrine; tract, circuit; region, domain, sphere; good fortune

Cattāḷīsa, cattārīsa: (f. num) 40, forty

Cattāro, caturo: (m. num) four    (n) cattāri     (f) catasso

Catu: (num) four     gen./dat. catunnaṃ

Catubbidha: (adj) fourfold

Catudhā: (adv) in four parts, fourfold

Catugguṇa: (adj) four times, fourfold

Catukka: (adj) consisting of four, fourfold

Cātummahārājika: (adj) belonging to the realm of the Four Great Kings  四大王天

Caturāsīti: (num) 84, eighty-four

Catusaṭṭhi: (num) 64, sixty-four

Catuttha: (adj) fourth  第四

Catutthajjhāna: (n) the fourth jhāna  四禪

Catutthajjhānabhūmi: (f) the fourth jhāna plane  第四禪地／天

Cavana: (n) death, disappearance

Cavati: to disappear, vanish, die     pp. cuta: fallen, vanished

Cha: (num) six     gen./dat. channaṃ

Cira: (adj) long, continued, lasting   [ciraṃ, cirena, cirāya, cirassa are used adverbially: long, for a long time]

Citta: (n) the mind, the heart; thought, idea; will, intention  心

Cittasantāna: (n) stream of consciousness  心相續，心流

Cittuppāda: (m) genesis of consciousness; (here =) citta, consciousness

Cuti: (f) disappearance, vanishing, death, decease; leaving one world to be born in another  死亡

Cuticitta: (n) decease-consciousness, death-consciousness  死亡心

Dadāti, dajjati, deti: to give, grant, allow    ger. datvā, dadāya    pp. dinna

Dāna: (n) giving; a gift; donation; almsgiving, charity, generosity  佈施

Dāni, idāni: (adv) now

Dasa: (num) ten

Desanā: (f) instruction; teaching, preaching; a sermon or discourse

Deva: (m) a god, a celestial being, an angel; a king; a cloud, the sky, the air

Dhammadesanā: (f) teaching the Dhamma  弘法

Dhammasavana: (n) hearing the Dhamma  聞法

Dharati: to hold, bear, carry, wear; to hold up, support; to bear in mind, know by heart; to hold out, endure, last, continue, live     ppr. dharanta     pp. dhata: firm, prepared, ready, resolved; kept in mind, understood, known by heart

Dhuva: (n) permanence, stability     (adj) firm, stable; continual, permanent; fixed, certain     (adv) dhuvaṃ: constantly, steadily, firmly

Dibba: (adj) celestial, heavenly, angelic, divine     (m) a deva

Diṭṭhadhamma: (m) the visible condition; the present state of things; this world, this life, this state of existence  現世，今生

Diṭṭhijjukamma: (n) straightening one’s views  正直己見

Dosa: (m) anger, hatred  瞋

Dutiya: (adj) second  第二

Dutiyajjhāna: (n) the second jhāna  二禪

Dutiyajjhānabhūmi: (f) the second jhāna plane  第二禪地／天

Dvādasa: (num) twelve

Dvāra: (n) a door, gate; an entrance, an aperture  門

Dvattiṃsa: (num) 32, thirty-two

Dve, dvi-, di-, du-, dvā-, bā-: (num) two

Dvihetuka: (adj) accompanied by two roots  二因的

Eka: (adj) one, single; alone; a certain; the same; chief; unique

Ekādasa: (num) 11, eleven

Ekavīsa: (f. num) 21, twenty-one

Esa, eso: (pron) this; that   (n) etaṃ, (before a vowel) etad   pl. etāni

Eti: to come, go, attain, undergo     2^nd pers. pl. imp. etha    aor. agā    ppr. enta    pp. ita    fut. essati, ehiti;  2^nd pers. ehisi;  3^rd pers. pl. ehinti

Ettha: (adv) here; herein; now

Eva, yeva: (adv) just, quite, even, only     n’eva… na: neither… nor…

Evaṃ: (adv) thus  如是

Gacchati: to go, go to, proceed; depart

Gahita, gahīta: (pp. gaṇhāti) taken, received; held; kept; grasped, seized; caught, captured; occupied, taken possession of

Gaṇanā: (f/n) counting, calculation; number

Garuka: (adj) heavy, weighty; large; important; venerable

Gati: (f) going, journey; resting-place, abode; result; state of existence, future state, destiny; rebirth; direction

Gatinimitta: (n) a sign of the state of rebirth  趣相

Guṇa: (m) a time, a quality; property; virtue, merit, excellence; a string

Heṭṭhima: (adj) lower; lowest; last

Hīna: (adj) low, bad, inferior; poor, wretched; forsaken, deprived; decayed

Idaṃ: (n. pron) this    (adv) here, now, even

Imā: (pron. pl.) these

Itara: (adj) other; different; remaining

Iti, ti, icc (before a vowel): (adv) thus; generally placed at the end of a book, or of a chapter or section, to introduce the title

Itthaṃ: (adv) thus

Jaccandha: (adj) born blind

Janaka: (adj) producing, causing, reproductive

Janeti: (caus. jāyati) to bring forth, produce, beget, cause, give rise to

Janīyati, jaññati: (pass. janeti) to be generated or produced   ppr. janīyamāna

Jāti: (f) birth, rebirth, renewed existence; lineage, family, caste; sort, variety

Javana: (adj) quick, fleet   (lit.) running swiftly  速行

Jāyati: to be born, be produced, grow, spring up, arise    pp. jāta

Jhāna: (n) meditation, contemplation; religious meditation; ecstasy, trance  禪

Jhānaṅga: (n) jhāna factor  禪支

Jīvita: (n) life

Jīvitanavaka: (n) the vital nonad; namely, the four elements of extension, cohesion, heat, motion (paṭhavī, āpa, teja, vāya), the four derivatives — colour, odour, taste, nutritive essence (vaṇṇa, gandha, rasa, ojā), and life principle (jīvitindriya)  命根九法

Kāla: (m) time; right time, due season; meal time; death     The loc. kāle at the end of a compound may often be rendered by “when”

Kama: (m) procedure, order, step, succession, method

Kāma: (m) desire, desired object; sensual pleasures, passion, lust  欲

Kāmaloka: (m) the sensuous world  欲界

Kāmasugati: (f) the blissful kāma-plane  欲界善趣

Kāmasugatibhūmi: (f) the sensuous blissful plane  欲善趣地

Kāmāvacara: (m/adj) Sense-Sphere; within the domain of sensual pleasure, belonging to the Kāmaloka  欲界

Kāmāvacarabhūmi: (f) the Kāmāvacara plane  欲地

Kāmesu micchācāra: (m) adultery, sexual misconduct  邪淫

Kamma: (n) doing, action, work, deed, business; a religious act, karma  業

Kammabala: (n) the power or force of karma  業力

Kappa: (m) time, a vast period, age, cycle, aeon  劫

Karaṇa: (n) making, doing; action; instrument; the body; an organ of sense

Karoti: to act, do, cause, cause to become, render, make, perform   ger. katvā      opt. kayirā, kayirātha, kubbetha, kare, kareyya

Kaṭa, kata: (pp. karoti) made, done; composed, performed

Kaṭatta, katatta: (n) the doing of, performance of   abl. kaṭattā

Kathaṃ: (adv) how

Kāya: (m) the body; collection, multitude  身，群

Khaṇa: (m/n) a moment; a brief measure of time; leisure; right moment, opportunity  剎那

Khaya: (m) end, destruction, decay, loss, exhaustion

Kicca: (n) function; work, duty, service, business, need  作用

Koṭi: (f) ten million; point, tip, end, extremity; top, summit; eminence, excess

Kusala: (adj) skillful, expert, clever; lucky, happy, prosperous; good, right, virtuous, meritorious, wholesome  善

Labbhati: (pass. labhati) to be taken, be received, be obtained, be permitted

Lobha: (m) covetousness, desire, greed, lust  貪

Loka: (m) the world, the universe; mankind; a being or creature　世界

Mahābrahma: (m) the Great Brahma  大梵天

Mahaggata: (adj) enlarged, extensive, great, lofty, sublime  廣大的

Mahāvipāka: (m/n) great resultant  大果報（心），即八個欲界（美心）果報心

Majjhima: (adj) middle, central, moderate, of medium size

Mana: (m/n) the mind, the intellect, the thoughts, the heart  意，心

Mānasa: (n) the mind; intention, purpose  心

Manda: (adj) slow; low, slight, weak; stupid, dull; small

Manodvāra: (n) mind-door  意門

Manokamma: (n) mental action  意業

Manussa: (m, adj) a human being, human

Maraṇa: (n) death, dying

Maranta: (m) one who is near death, one who is about to die

Maya: (adj) made of, consisting of, created by, derived from

Micchācāra: (m) wrong conduct or living

Micchādiṭṭhi: (f) wrong views, false doctrine, heresy, unbelief  邪見

Mūla: (n) root; lowest part, base, foundation; origin, source, commencement; front, foremost, first; cause; sum, amount, mass; price, money  根

Mūlaka: (adj) having its root or origin in, springing from

Musāvāda: (m) lying, falsehood  妄語

Nadī: (f) a river

Nāma: (adv) by name, namely; indeed  名為；著實

Nava: (num) nine

Navuti: (f. num) 90, ninety

Nevasaññānāsaññā: (f) neither perception nor non-perception  非想非非想

Nevasaññānāsaññāyatana: (n) the Realm of Neither Perception nor Non-Perception  非想非非想處

Nimitta: (n) a sign, mark, token, symbol; omen; cause, reason  相

Nimmānarati: (adj) belonging to the realm of the gods who rejoice in creation  化樂天

Niraya: (m) hell  地獄

Nirujjhati: to cease, perish, be destroyed or annihilated    pp. niruddha  壞滅

Niyama: (m) ascertainment, certainty; restraint; a self-imposed religious observance, voluntary performance of a meritorious act  法則，規定，限制

Okkantī: (f) descent, falling upon

Omaka: (adj) low, inferior, vile

Oṇamati: to bow, stoop    pp. oṇata: bent, stooping

Pabhuti: (adv) since, after, subsequently   [+abl.]

Paccāsanna: (adj. paṭi+āsanna) near     (adv) paccāsanne: near by

Paccupaṭṭhāti, paccupaṭṭhahati: to be present, appear; to stand up before    pp. paccupaṭṭhita: (re)presented; approaching, imminent, present  現起

Paccuppanna: (pp./adj) existing, ready, present  現在

Pada: (m/n) a foot; step, stride; footprint, trace, track, vestige, mark; site, state, place etc.; a quarter or line of a stanza; a word; a sentence

Pāka: (m/n) cooking; ripeness, maturity; result, fulfillment, accomplishment  果報；成熟

Pākadāna: (n) result producing effects

Pamāṇa: (n) measure, rate, scale, length, size, weight, etc.

Pana: (adv) now, further; but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however

Pāṇātipāta: (m) taking the life of a living creature, killing  殺生

Pañca: (num) five

Pañcamajjhāna: (n) the fifth jhāna  五禪

Paṇīta: (pp. paṇeti) accomplished, eminent, excellent, exalted; sweet, nice

Paññatti, paṇṇatti: (f) making known, manifestation, declaring, concept  概念

Paraṃ: (adv) beyond, after    [+abl.]

Parama: (adj) superior; highest, first, best, greatest, chief, principal, extreme, exceeding

Paranimmitavasavatti: (m/adj) belonging to the realm of the gods who wield power over the creation of others  他化自在天

Pariggayhati: (pass. pariggaṇhāti) to be taken hold of, grasped, possessed, seized    ppr. pariggayhamāna

Parikkhipati: to surround, go around, encircle, throw over or around; to put into pp. parikkhitta: surrounded, thrown around, fenced

Pārisajja: (adj) belonging to an assembly

Parisuddha: (pp) pure, clear, innocent, holy, perfect, intact

Paritta: (adj) small, brief, limited

Parittābha: (m/adj) of minor brilliancy  少光天

Parittasubha: (m/adj) of limited splendor  少淨天

Parivattati: to turn, turn round, roll, revolve; be changed; be whirled about    ppr. parivattanta

Pariyāya: (m) succession, order, turn; opportunity; way, manner; a cause; teaching, exposition     adv. pariyāyato: causally, necessarily

Pariyosāna: (n) termination, ending

Paṭhama: (adj) first, foremost; earliest, previous; principal, chief, best  第一

Paṭhamajjhāna: (n) the first jhāna  初禪

Paṭhamajjhānabhūmi: (f) the first jhāna plane  初禪地／天

Paṭikaṅkhati: to expect, await, desire     pfp. pāṭikaṅkhitabba

Paṭisandhāna: (n) reunion  連結，結生

Paṭisandhi: (m/f) entering the womb in a new existence, conception, rebirth, transmigration; rebirth-linking  結生

Paṭisaṅkhāti: to reflect, meditate     ger. paṭisaṅkhāya

Patiṭṭhāti, patiṭṭhahati: to stand firmly, be established, be set up, to stay, be

Patta: (pp. pāpuṇāti) obtained, reached, having attained

Pattānumodana: (n) rejoicing in (others’) merit  隨喜（他人的）功德

Patti: (f) obtaining, acquisition, attainment, gain, advantage

Pattidāna: (n) transference of merit to another  迴向功德

Pavatta: (pp. pavattati) starting, proceeding, setting out; begun, kept going, kept up, going on; existing; settled, fixed

Pavattati: to arise, begin, take place; start, set out; roll or flow onwards; become, be, exist; go on, proceed, be kept up    pp. pavatta  轉起

Pavatti: (f) flow onwards, going on; affairs; occurrence, incident; news, tidings; practice, conduct; beginning, setting on foot, establishment; existence, being (Here pavatti refers to all thought-processes that occur during the course of one’s lifetime.)  轉起；生命期

Pettivisaya: (m) the Peta (Preta) realm or world  餓鬼道

Pharusa: (adj) harsh, unkind, fierce, savage; rough, rugged; severe, cruel

Pharusavācā: (f) harsh speech  惡口，惡語

Pisuṇa: (adj) backbiting, malicious, calumnious

Pisuṇavācā: (f) slander, malicious speech  兩舌，離間舌

Pubba: (adj) before; first, foremost; eastern; earlier; former, preceding; ancient, customary; at the end of a compound sometimes means “preceded by, attended by, accompanied by”

Pubbaṅgama: (adj) going before, preceding, prior, leading; chief

Puggala: (m) an individual or person; a creature, being, man  個人

Puna, puno: (adv) again, anew, afresh; back; after that; next, further, moreover

Puñña: (n) goodness, good work, merit   (adj) good, virtuous, meritorious  善，福

Purohita: (m) a brahmin who is a king’s domestic chaplain, a minister

Puthujjana: (m) a man of the lower classes, or of lower character; a common or ordinary man, one who is yet unconverted as opposed to one who has entered the paths; a worldling  凡夫

Rahita: (pp) deprived of, without

Ratha: (m) chariot, a car, two-wheeled carriage

Rūpa: (n) form, figure, shape; image, representation; the body; beauty; natural state; characteristic  色

Rūpāvacara: (m) realm or world of Form, Form-Sphere  色界

Rūpāvacarabhūmi: (f) the Rūpāvacara plane  色界地

Sabba: (adj) all, every, whole, entire

Sabbathā: (adv) in every way, thoroughly  全部

Sadisa: (adj) similar, like

Saha: (adv) with, together with

Sahagata: (adj) accompanying or associated with, joined to; connected with, based upon, imbued with, characterized by  俱

Sahassa: (f. num) a thousand

Sakadāgāmi: (adj) returning once   (m) one who has entered the second path to Nirvāṇa  斯陀含

Sama: (m) tranquility

Sambhavati, sambhoti: to arise, be produced, spring from [+abl.]; meet with    ppr. sambhavaṃ     pp. sambhūta

Samphappalāpa: (m) frivolous talk  綺語

Samucchindati: to extirpate, break off, put an end to   pp. samucchinna

Sandhi: (m/f) junction, union; a joint of the body; rebirth (paṭisandhi)

Saṅgaha: (m) taking, collecting; classification, conjunction, assemblage; compilation, abridgement; favor, kindness  概要，分析，組合，攝

Saṅkhā, saṅkhyā: (f) calculation; number, sum, numeral; understanding, reason, intelligence

Saṅkhaṃ gacchati: to be reckoned as, to be called or termed

Saṅkhāra: (m) constructing, preparing, perfecting, embellishing; aggregation; matter; Karma; everything which springs from a cause  行

Saṅkhāta, saṅkhyāta: (pp. saṅkhāti) reckoned, numbered; considered, called, named; weighed, estimated, learned

Saṅkhāti: to calculate, reckon

Saññā: (f) perception, consciousness, sense; intellect, thought; sign  想

Santāna: (m) spreading, extension; lineage

Santati: (f) extension, continuity, duration, lineage  相續

Santīraṇa: (n) investigation, decision; as technical term denoting a stage in the act of sense-cognition, judging an impression; investigating  推度

Sara: (adj) flowing, going    (m) sound; voice; musical sound; vowel

Sata: (n. num) a hundred

Satta: (m) a being, creature, animal, sentient being, man

Satta: (num) seven

Saṭṭhi: (f. num) 60, sixty

Savana: (n) hearing; the ear

Savatthuka: (adj) with vatthu, supported by the base

Sesa: (adj) remaining       (m) remainder  其餘

Sineha, sneha: (m) love, affection; friendship; lust, desire; oil

Sita: (pp) bound; clinging, devoted; resting upon

Soḷasa: (num) 16, sixteen

Sota: (m/n) stream, flood, torrent  流

Sotāpanna: (m) one who has entered the stream, one who has attained the first stage of sanctification  須陀洹

Subbata: (adj) virtuous, pious, devout

Subha: (adj) radiant, lustrous; beautiful; good; auspicious, happy

(n) lustre; goodness; pleasure; desire

Subhakiṇṇa, subhakiṇha, subhakiṇṇaka: (m/adj) filled and pervaded with radiance  遍淨天

Sudassa: (m/adj) easily seen, obvious; belonging to the Beautiful realm  善現天

Sudassī: (m/adj) seeing well; belonging to the Clear-sighted realm  善見天

Suddhāvāsa: (m) pure abode  淨居天

Sugati: (f) happy condition; being reborn in heaven; heaven  善趣

Tadā: (adv) at that time, then

Taṇhā, tasiṇā: (f) lust, desire, human passion

Taṇhānusaya: (m) inclination to craving

Tasmā: (adv) therefore, thereby, accordingly

Tāsu: (pron. f. loc. pl.) among them, in them

Tathā: (adv) so, thus; also  如是

Tatiya: (adj) third  第三

Tatiyajjhānabhūmi: (f) the third jhāna plane  第三禪地／天

Tato: (adv) hence, subsequently, thereafter; from that place or time; further

Tato paraṃ: (adv) afterwards

Tattha, tatra: (adv) there; thither; in that case; now; in that, therein

Tāvatiṃsa: (adj) belonging to the realm of Thirty-three gods  三十三天（帝釋天）

Ṭhāna: (n) place, state, condition; rank; stage; point, topic, thesis; basis, cause

Ti-: (num) three

Tihetuka: (adj) accompanied by three roots  三因的

Tiracchāna: (m) an animal, beast

Tiracchānayoni: (f) the brute creation  畜生道

Tusita: (adj) belonging to the Delightful realm  兜率天

Ubhaya: (adj) both

Uddhacca: (n) restlessness, disquietude, mental distraction or confusion 掉舉

Uddisati: to point out, explain; determine, appoint; recite; specify   opt. uddise pp. uddiṭṭha     ger. uddissa, uddisitvā

Udīreti: to utter, speak, say     pp. udīrita     ger. udīriya

Uju, ujju: (adj) straight, direct, straightforward, honest, upright

Ukkaṭṭha: (pp) high, eminent; exceeding, excessive; excellent, superior

Upabhoga: (m) enjoyment

Upaccheda: (m) cutting off, stopping     upacchedaka: (adj)

Upaḍḍha: (adj) half, partial

Upaga: (adj) going to, entering on, undergoing

Upaghātaka: (adj) hurting, destructive

Upakaraṇa: (n) help, benefit, service; instrument, apparatus, implement

Upakkiliṭṭha: (pp) stained, depraved

Upalabbhati: to be found, received, obtained    pp. upaladdha    pfp. upalabbhanīya

Upalabhati: to receive, get, obtain; to know, make out     pp. upaladdha    pfp. upalabhitabba

Upapajjati: to be reborn, be produced; come to, attain   ger. upapajja: having been reborn     pp. upapanna

UpapīIaka: (adj) oppressive, obstructive

Upatthambhaka: (adj) supportive, supporting

Upaṭṭhāti, upaṭṭhahati: to attend to, serve, wait on, support; be ready, present    pp. upaṭṭhita: ready, present; arrived; attending to, awaiting; served

Upekkhā, upekhā: (f) indifference to pain and pleasure, equanimity, resignation  捨

Uppāda: (m) springing up, producing, appearance; birth; an omen  生起

Uppajjati: to arise, originate, be produced, be born, appear    ger. uppajjitvā

Uppatti: (f) arsing, birth, production

Vācā: (f) word, saying, speech  語

Vacī: (f) speech, words  語

Vajjita: (pp. vajjeti) without, except, be removed, excluding

Vasena: (ins. of vasa; used adverbially, either with a gen. or as the last part of a compound) according to, for the sake of, on account of, by means of, for, as

Vassa: (m/n) a year; rain

Vatthu: (n) substance, object, thing, matter; occasion, cause; story, narrative; base  依處     (abl.) vatthuto

Vatti: to speak, say; speak to, address   pp. vutta, utta    aor. avoca  說

Vavatthapeti: to determine, fix, settle, define, designate     pp. vavatthita

Vedeti, vedayati / vediyati: to sense, feel, experience; know    pfp. vedanīya: to be experienced, to be known, intelligible    pp. vedita, vedayita

Vehapphala: (m/adj) very fruitful  廣果天

Veyyāvacca: (n) service or duty performed by an inferior for a superior  服務

Vidati: to know, ascertain    p.f.p. veditabba: to be known or understood

Vidha: (m) part, fold; kind, sort; form, measure  部分，種類

Vinipātika: (adj) fallen; this term is applied to beings belonging to the four apāyas, some of whom, by good actions, obtain release from the worst condition of their apāya existence, as that of the yakkhinī Uttaramātā, who having listened to a discourse of Buddha became a Sotāpannā

Viññāṇa: (n) consciousness; thought, mind; intelligence, knowledge  識

Viññāṇañcāyatana:（Viññāṇa + anañca (省略 ana 音) + āyatana）(n) the Realm of Infinite Consciousness  識無邊處

Viññatti: (f) intimation, information; intimation of a want, asking  表示，暗示

Vipaccati: to ripen, come to perfection; to be cooked, be tormented    ppr. vipaccamāna

Vipaccamānaka: (adj) ripening

Vipāka: (m/n) result, resultant, product, consequence; good result, fruit, profit, reward; evil result, retribution  果報（心）

Virāga: (m) absence of desire or human passion

Vīsa, vīsati: (f. num) 20, twenty

Visaya: (m) an object of sense; realm, domain, range, sphere, scope; district, region, country

Vīthi: (f) a road, street, bazaar; a row, line

Vīthicitta: (n) thought-process, mind-process, cognitive process  心路過程

Viya, iva, va: (part.) like, as

Vocchijjati: to be cut off

Vuccati, uccati: (pl. vuccare) to be called, be spoken (of), be meant, recited

Vutti: (f) conduct, behavior, manner; business, livelihood; (in poetry) meter, rhythm; explanation, gloss

Vyāpāda: (m) wish to injure, malevolence, hatred, fury  瞋恨

Yadā: (adv) when, whenever   usu. followed by tadā

Yadi: (indecl) if

Yāma: (adj) belonging to the realm of Yāma gods  夜摩天

Yathā: (adv) as, like; how, when

Yathākkamaṃ: (adv) in due order, successively  依序

Yathārahaṃ: (adv) according to worth; properly, satisfactorily, correctly, appropriately, duly

Yathāsambhavaṃ: (adv) according to birth or arising

Yāva, yāvaṃ: (adv) until, while, as long as, in order that

Yoni: (f) the womb; the vagina; source, origin; material; cause; a class of beings; form of birth or existence; knowledge, wisdom  子宮；往生處