Chapter VII   Samuccayasaṅgahavibhāgo（類別之概要）

7.5 一切之概要（Sabbasaṅgaha）

7.5.1 五蘊（Pañcakkhandhā）

Sabbasaṅgahe pañcakkhandhā: rūpakkhandho, vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandho.

In the compendium of the whole, the five aggregates are:

1. the matter aggregate, 2. the feeling aggregate, 3. the perception aggregate, 4. the mental states (mental formations) aggregate, 5. the consciousness aggregate.

在一切之概要裡的五蘊是：一、色蘊；二、受蘊；三、想蘊；四、行蘊；五、識蘊。

NOTES

Sabba: (adj) all, every, whole, entire

Saṅgaha: (m) taking, collecting; classification, conjunction, assemblage; compilation, abridgement; favor, kindness  概要，分析，組合，攝

Pañca: (num) five

Khandha: (m) aggregate, accumulation, multitude, quantity; bulk; the shoulder; the trunk of a tree  蘊

Rūpa: (n) form, figure, shape; image, representation; matter, materiality; the body; beauty; natural state; characteristic  色

Vedanā: (f) feeling, sensation; pain, suffering  受

Saññā: (f) perception, consciousness, sense; intellect, thought; sign, gesture  想

Saṅkhāra: (m) mental formation; constructing, preparing, perfecting, embellishing; aggregate, aggregation; matter; Karma; everything which springs from a cause, anything that is conditioned  行

Viññāṇa: (n) consciousness; thought, mind; intelligence, knowledge  識

7.5.2 五取蘊（Pañcupādānakkhandhā）

Pañc' upādānakkhandhā: rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho.

The five aggregates of clinging are:

1. the matter aggregate of clinging, 2. the feeling aggregate of clinging, 3. the perception aggregate of clinging, 4. the mental states (mental formations) aggregate of clinging, 5. the consciousness aggregate of clinging.

五取蘊：一、色取蘊；二、受取蘊；三、想取蘊；四、行取蘊；五、識取蘊。

NOTES

Upādāna: (n) clinging, attachment; firewood, fuel  取

7.5.3 十二處（Dvādasāyatanāni）

Dvādas' āyatanāni: cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ, rūpāyatanaṃ, saddāyatanaṃ, gandhāyatanaṃ, rasāyatanaṃ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ, dhammāyatanaṃ.

The twelve sense bases are:

(a) sense-organs

1. the eye base, 2. the ear base, 3. the nose base, 4. the tongue base, 5. the body base, 6. the mind base;

(b) sense-objects

 7. the visible form base, 8. the sound base, 9. the smell base, 10. the taste base, 11. the tangible object base, 12. the mental-object base.

十二處：一、眼處；二、耳處；三、鼻處；四、舌處；五、身處；六、意處；七、顏色處；八、聲處；九、香處；十、味處；十一、觸處；十二、法處。

NOTES

Dvādasa: (num) twelve

Āyatana: (n) place, dwelling, abode, home, seat; altar, shrine; place of origin, source, cause, origin  處

Cakkhu: (m/n) the eye; insight; supernatural insight or knowledge  眼

Sota: (n) the ear, organ of hearing  耳

Ghāna: (n) the nose, the organ of smell  鼻

Jivhā: (f) the tongue  舌

Kāya: (m) the body; collection, multitude  身

Mana: (m/n) the mind, the intellect, the thoughts, the heart  意，心

Sadda: (m) sound, noise; voice; a word  聲

Gandha: (m) smell, odor; perfume, fragrance; fragrant substance  香

Rasa: (m) flavor, taste; sap, juice; best part or extract of a thing, essence, sweetness; fluid, liquid; quicksilver; sentiment; vigor, strength  味

Phoṭṭhabba: (n) touch, contact  觸

Dhamma: (m/n) nature, condition, quality, property, characteristic; function, practice, duty; object, thing, idea, phenomenon; doctrine; law; virtue, piety; justice; the law or Truth of Buddha; the Buddhist scriptures; religion  法

7.5.4 十八界（Aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo）

Aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo: cakkhudhātu, sotadhātu, ghānadhātu, jivhādhātu, kāyadhātu, rūpadhātu, saddadhātu, gandhadhātu, rasadhātu, phoṭṭhabbadhātu, cakkhuviññāṇadhātu, sotaviññāṇadhātu, ghānaviññāṇadhātu, jivhāviññāṇadhātu, kāyaviññāṇadhātu, manodhātu, dhammadhātu, manoviññāṇadhātu.

The eighteen elements are:

1. the eye element, 2. the ear element, 3. the nose element, 4. the tongue element, 5. the body element, 6. the visible form element, 7. the sound element, 8. the smell element, 9. the taste element, 10. the tangible object element, 11. the eye-consciousness element, 12. the ear-consciousness element, 13. the nose-consciousness element, 14. the tongue-consciousness element, 15. the body-consciousness element, 16. the mind element, 17. the mental-object element, 18. the mind-consciousness element.

十八界：一、眼界；二、耳界；三、鼻界；四、舌界；五、身界；六、顏色界；七、聲界；八、香界；九、味界；十、觸界；十一、眼識界；十二、耳識界；十三、鼻識界；十四、舌識界；十五、身識界；十六、意界；十七、法界；十八、意識界。

NOTES

Aṭṭhārasa, aṭṭhādasa (num) 18, eighteen

Dhātu: (m/f) primary or elementary substance, element; principle; a property of a primary substance, such as color, sound, taste, etc.; an organ of sense; a constituent of the body, as flesh, blood, bones; the remains of a body after cremation; a sacred relic; a fossil; a metal  界，元素，（火化後）遺骨等等

7.5.5 四聖諦（Cattāri ariyasaccāni）

Cattāri ariyasaccāni: dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī-paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.

The Four Noble Truths are:

1. the noble truth of suffering, 2. the noble truth of the origin of suffering, 3. the noble truth of the cessation of suffering, and 4. the noble truth of the Path leading to the cessation of suffering.

四聖諦：一、苦聖諦；二、苦因聖諦；三、苦滅聖諦；四、趣向滅苦之道聖諦。

NOTES

Cattāri: (n) four     (m) cattāro, catu, caturo     (f) catasso

Ariya: (m) a venerable or holy man, a saint; one who has entered on the Four Paths; one who has attained final sanctification, an Arhat    (adj) honorable, venerable, noble, eminent, holy, sanctified

Sacca: (n) truth

Ariyasacca: (n) the noble truth  聖諦

Dukkha: (n) pain, suffering, trouble   (adj) painful  苦

Samudaya: (m) rise, origin; origination, cause; multitude  集，因

Nirodha: (m) cessation, annihilation; Nirvāṇa; obstruction, impeding  滅

Gāmī: (adj) going, leading to, attaining    (f) gāminī

Paṭipadā: (f) access, way, step, course; progress, practice, conduct  道

7.5.6 說明

Ettha pana cetasika-sukhumarūpa-nibbānavasena ekūnasattati dhammā dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātū ti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti. Manāyatanam eva sattaviññāṇadhātuvasena bhijjati.

Herein, sixty-nine entities comprising (52) mental states, (16 kinds of) subtle matter, and Nibbāna are regarded as the mental-object base and the mental-object element. The mind base itself is divided into the seven elements of consciousness.

於此，包括（五十二）心所、（十六）微細色及涅槃的六十九法，屬於法處與法界。意處本身分為七識界。

NOTES

Ettha: (adv) here; herein; now

Pana: (adv) now, further; but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however

Cetasika: (adj) mental   (n) properties or adjuncts of the mind, mental states  心所

Sukhuma: (adj) small, minute; subtle; accurate; delicate, exquisite  微細的

Sukhumarūpa: (n) subtle matter  微細色

Nibbāna: (n) extinction; destruction, annihilation; Nirvāṇa; Arhatship  涅槃

Vasena: (ins. of vasa; used adverbially, either with a gen. or as the last part of a compound) according to, for the sake of, on account of, by means of, for, as

Ekūnasattati: (num) 69, sixty-nine

Saṅkhā, saṅkhyā: (f) calculation; number, sum, numeral; understanding, reason, intelligence

Gacchati: to go, go to, proceed; depart

Saṅkhaṃ gacchati: to be reckoned as, to be called or termed

Satta: (num) seven

Bhijjati: to be divided, be separated; be broken up, be destroyed

7.5.7 總結

Rūpañ ca vedanā saññā sesā cetasikā tathā

Viññāṇam iti pañc' ete pañcakkhandhā ti bhāsitā.

Pañc' upādānakkhandhā ti tathā tebhūmakā matā

Bhedābhāvena nibbānaṃ khandhasaṅgahanissaṭaṃ.

Dvārālambanabhedena bhavant' āyatanāni ca

Dvārālambataduppannapariyāyena dhātuyo.

Dukkhaṃ tebhūmakaṃ vaṭṭaṃ taṇhāsamudayo bhave

Nirodho nāma nibbānaṃ maggo lokuttaro mato.

Maggayuttā phalā c' eva catusaccavinissaṭā

Iti pañcappabhedena pavutto sabbasaṅgaho.

Matter, feeling, perception, the remaining mental states, and consciousness - these five are called the five aggregates.

The same states that pertain to the three (mundane) planes are regarded as five aggregates of clinging.

As Nibbāna lacks differentiation (such as past, present, future), it is excluded from the category of aggregates.

Owing to the difference between doors and objects there are (twelve) sense bases. In accordance with doors, objects, and their corresponding consciousness arise the (18) elements.

Existence in the three planes is suffering. Craving is its cause. Cessation is Nibbāna. The Path is regarded as supramundane.

Mental states associated with the Paths and the Fruits are excluded from the four Truths.

Thus the category of the whole has been explained in five ways.

色、受、想、其餘的心所、及識五者，被稱為五蘊。

屬於三（世間）地的相同之法，被稱為五取蘊。

由於涅槃無可分別（為過去、現在、未來等），所以不包括在蘊類之內。

由於門與所緣之間的差別，而有（十二）處。依門、所緣及相符的識，則生起（十八）界。

三地輪迴苦，渴愛是其因，涅槃名為滅，道是出世間。

與道及果相應的心所不包括在四諦之內。

如是，已依五種方法解釋了一切之概要。

NOTES

Sesa: (adj) remaining       (m) remainder  其餘

Tathā: (adv) so, thus; also  如是

Ete: (pron) these, those

Bhāsati: to speak, say, address     pp. bhāsita

Tebhūmaka: (adj) belonging to the three stages of being  屬於三（世間）地

Maññati: to think, suppose, imagine, consider, esteem, know, believe, understand   pp. mata: thought, considered, believed, understood, known

Bheda: (m) breaking; rending; division; disunion; breach; schism; sort, kind  分別

Abhāva: (m) non-existence, absence

Nissarati: to depart, escape from, be freed from    pp. nissaṭa: excluded

Dvāra: (n) a door, gate; an entrance, an aperture  門

Ālambana, -ṇa : (n) support; an object of sense  所緣，（感官）目標

Bhavati, hoti: to be, exist, become; take place, befall; behave   opt. bhave

Taṃ, tad: (pron. n) it; him

Uppanna: (pp. uppajjati) arisen, born, produced; acquired; happened

Pariyāya: (m) succession, order, turn; opportunity; way, manner; a cause; teaching, exposition     adv. pariyāyato: causally, necessarily

Vaṭṭa: (n) circle, succession, saṃsāra

Taṇhā, tasiṇā: (f) craving, lust, desire, human passion

Nāma: (adv) by name, namely  名為

Magga: (m) path, road; trace, track; course, passage  道

Lokuttara: (adj) transcending the world, supramundane, spiritual  出世間

Yutta: (pp. yuñjati) yoked, joined, connected, attached; right, fitting; possessing; used, adopted, performed; engaged in, devoted to, versed

Phala: (n) fruit, grain, crop, produce; result, consequence; reward, profit  果

Pabheda: (m) breaking or splitting up; difference, distinction; sort, kind

Pavutta: (pp. pavuccati) spoken, said, declared, pronounced

Iti Abhidhammatthasaṅgahe Samuccayasaṅgahavibhāgo nāma sattamo paricchedo.

Thus ends the seventh chapter in the Compendium of Abhidhamma entitled the Compendium of Categories.

《阿毗達摩概要》裡，名為「類別之概要」的第七章至此完畢。