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關於王爾德的獄中書《來自深淵的吶喊》(De Profundis)
2015/03/18 13:16:35瀏覽2353|回應0|推薦8
關於王爾德的獄中書《來自深淵的吶喊》(De Profundis)

快樂是給美麗的身體,但痛苦卻是給美麗的靈魂。
(
Pleasure for the beautiful body, but pain for the beautiful soul.)
——奧斯卡王爾德 (Oscar Wilde)

從幾年前讀過王爾德的小說《格雷的畫像》開始,對於他的作品可以說是有了一些比較深刻的認識,但最近認真讀過王爾德的《來自深淵的吶喊》(De Profundis),再回頭翻看手邊的一些傳記,似乎才更能理解一位天才殞落凡塵的心路歷程……
從他聲名鵠起、眾人爭相擁戴;之後爭訟不斷而身繫囹圄;而最終,王爾德在出獄後三年多客死異鄉而不禁讓人不勝唏噓。

《來自深淵的吶喊》是王爾德在出獄前幾個月寫給舊愛道格拉斯 (Alfred Douglas,暱稱 Bosie) 的一封長信,他大概花了兩個月的時間完成,而 “De Profundis” 一詞出自《舊約聖經詩篇》,意即 "from the depths",與王爾德寫作當下的心境可以說是相當貼切。
信裡頭的內容,有謾罵、也有悔悟;有質疑、也有答辯;有自卑、也有自戀有期待、也有失望;有謬論、也有哲理……各種思緒雜陳。
如果,再往後看到王爾德在身故前這三年僅僅創作了一首長詩《雷丁監獄之歌》(The Ballad of Reading Gaol),我想這本獄中書應該不容錯過。
更何況這個版本還收錄了詩人奧登 (W.H. Auden) 的《導讀》和知名傳記家艾爾曼 (Richard Ellmann) 的《跋》,相當值得一讀。

或許你想要問,在王爾德準備出獄的當下,道格拉斯讀信之後的反應是什麼?但萬萬沒想到,事情並不單純 (OS李組),原來獄方並不同意他寄出此信,而在出獄之後則是轉交給另一位摯友 Robert Ross,並一直到他身故之後才付梓而公諸於世。

如果我們再更八卦一些,將會發現王爾德出獄之後,並沒有和妻兒破鏡重圓,而是選擇和道格拉斯重修舊好並一起前往他們的失樂園——那不勒斯,我們可能想問:王爾德因為「不敢說出名字的愛」而遭受牢獄之災,為何還要重蹈覆轍呢?
我猜想王爾德在信裡頭寫的一句話或許是個答案:
我必須不惜任何代價把愛保存在心裡。如果坐牢期間我不再有愛,我的靈魂將會落得什麼可怕模樣?

只不過這兩個人重逢之後,又因為金錢問題而分道揚鑣,這到底是情愛的糾葛;命運的糾纏;金錢的誘惑;還是利益的衝突 (OS李組長)……
我們或許只能說 They are “The Wrong Couples”,不是冤家不聚頭啊!縱然是有著天縱之才的王爾德也逃不出這樣的宿命。


【書籍介紹】
http://www.books.com.tw/products/0010650486
來自深淵的吶喊:王爾德獄中書(160週年誕辰紀念版)
De Profundis
作者: 奧斯卡.王爾德
原文作者:Oscar Wilde
譯者:梁永安
出版社:漫步文化
出版日期:2014/10/01
語言:繁體中文

《來自深淵的吶喊》不是一封傳統的情書,因為王爾德除了歷數道格拉斯的無情無義,還緬懷自己身敗名裂前的輝煌身影,復熱情洋溢地要求復合。本書忠實記錄了作者自招毀滅的執戀,又對人生痛苦有深沉反省,堪稱同志文學的經典之作。著名傳記家艾爾曼譽《來自深淵的吶喊》為「歷來最偉大和篇幅最長的情書之一」,此書信集於1905年作者死後出版。


【延伸閱讀】
http://www.ausnz.net/wenyuan/article_detail.asp?articleID=2525
孽戀與禁愛 (二)—— 奧斯卡王爾德的《獄中書》作者:薇薇
http://www.ausnz.net/wenyuan/article_detail.asp?articleID=2541
孽戀與禁愛 (三)—— 奧斯卡王爾德的《獄中書》作者:薇薇

http://okapi.books.com.tw/index.php/p3/p3_detail/sn/3231
【書設計】這種蒼白,你也會明白──《來自深淵的吶喊:王爾德獄中書》
作者:蔡南昇 / 2014-10-31

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Profundis_(letter)
De Profundis (Latin: "from the depths") is a letter written by Oscar Wilde during his imprisonment in Reading Gaol, to Lord Alfred Douglas. During its first half Wilde recounts their previous relationship and extravagant lifestyle which eventually led to Wilde's conviction and imprisonment for gross indecency. He indicts both Lord Alfred's vanity and his own weakness in acceding to those wishes. In the second half, Wilde charts his spiritual development in prison and identification with Jesus Christ, whom he characterises as a romantic, individualist artist.
Wilde wrote the letter between January and March 1897, close to the end of his imprisonment. Contact had lapsed between Douglas and Wilde and the latter had suffered from his physical labour and emotional isolation; a new warden thought that writing might be more cathartic than prison labour. Wilde's work was closely supervised and he was not allowed to send the letter, but took it with him upon release, whereupon he entrusted the manuscript to an ex-lover, the journalist Robert Ross, with instructions to have two copies made: one to be sent to the author himself and the other to Douglas. Ross published the letter in 1905, five years after Wilde's death, giving it the title "De Profundis" from Psalm 130. It was an incomplete version, excised of its autobiographical elements; various editions gave more text until 1962 when the complete and correct version appeared in a volume of Wilde's letters.


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