Chapter I   Cittasaṅgahavibhāgo

1.10 一百二十一心（Ekavīsasatāni Cittāni）

1.10.1 簡說

Ittham ekūnanavutippabhedaṃ pana mānasaṃ

Ekavīsasataṃ v ātha vibhajanti vicakkhaṇā.

(121 Types Of Consciousness)

These different classes of consciousness, which thus number eighty-nine, the wise divide into one hundred and twenty-one.

如是種種心，共有八十九；

智者再分別，一百二十一。

NOTES

Itthaṃ: (adv) thus

Ekūnanavuti: (f. num) 89

Pabheda: (m) difference, distinction; sort, kind  區別

Pana: (adv) now, further; but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however

Mānasa: (n) the mind; intention, purpose  心

Ekavīsasata: (num) 121

Vā: (conj) or

Atha, atho: (adv) and; also; then; but; now

Vibhajati: to divide, apportion; distinguish, go into details, be minutely accurate

Vicakkhaṇa: (adj/m) knowing, wise, discerning, sensible, skillful; wise man

1.10.2 詳述

Kathaṃ ekūnanavutividhaṃ cittaṃ ekavīsasataṃ hoti?

1. Vitakka-vicāra-pīti-sukh ekaggatā-sahitaṃ paṭhamajjhāna-

 sotāpatti-maggacittaṃ.

2. Vicāra-pīti-sukh ekaggatā-sahitaṃ dutiyajjhāna-sotāpatti-

 maggacittaṃ.

3. Pīti-sukh ekaggatā-sahitaṃ tatiyajjhāna-sotāpatti-maggacittaṃ.

4. Sukh ekaggatā-sahitaṃ catutthajjhāna-sotāpatti-maggacittaṃ.

5. Upekkh ekaggatā-sahitaṃ pañcamajjhāna-sotāpatti-maggacittañ cā ti.

Imāni pañca pi sotāpatti-maggacittāni nāma.

Tathā sakadāgāmi-magga, anāgāmi-magga, arahatta-maggacittañ cā ti samavīsati maggacittāni.

Tathā phalacittāni cā ti samacattāḷīsa lokuttaracittāni bhavantī ti.

How does consciousness which is analysed into eighty-nine become one hundred and twenty-one?

1. The First Jhāna Sotāpatti Path-consciousness together with initial application, sustained application, joy, happiness, and one-pointedness,

2. The second Jhāna Sotāpatti Path-consciousness together with sustained application, joy, happiness, and one-pointedness,

3. The Third Jhāna Sotāpatti Path-consciousness together with joy, happiness, and one-pointedness,

4. The Fourth Jhāna Sotāpatti Path-consciousness together with happiness and one-pointedness,

5. The Fifth Jhāna Sotāpatti Path-consciousness together with equanimity and one-pointedness.

These are the five types of Sotāpatti Path-consciousness.

So are the Sakadāgāmi Path-consciousness, Anāgāmi Path-consciousness, and Arahatta Path-consciousness, making exactly twenty classes of consciousness. Similarly there are twenty classes of Fruit-consciousness. Thus there are forty types of supramundane consciousness.

如何把八十九種心再分別為一百廿一種？

1. 尋、伺、喜、樂、一境性俱，初禪須陀洹道心。

2. 伺、喜、樂、一境性俱，第二禪須陀洹道心。

3. 喜、樂、一境性俱，第三禪須陀洹道心。

4. 樂、一境性俱，第四禪須陀洹道心。

5. 捨、一境性俱，第五禪須陀洹道心。

這五種是須陀洹道心。斯陀含道、阿那含道與阿羅漢道亦如是（各有五種道心）；如此即成二十種道心。同樣地，果心亦有二十種。因此共有四十出世間心。

NOTES

Kathaṃ: (adv) How?

Vidha: (m) part, fold; kind, sort; form, measure

Citta: (n) the mind, the heart; thought, idea; will, intention  心

Bhavati, hoti: to be, exist, become     opt. bhave

Vitakka: (m) reflection, thought; argument; reasoning; initial application  尋

Vicāra: (m) investigation, examination; sustained application  伺

Pīti: (f) joy, delight  喜

Sukha: (n) happiness; welfare; ease, comfort    (adj) blest; happy, delightful, pleasant; easy  樂

Ekagga: (adj) calm, tranquil

Ekaggatā: (f) tranquility of the mind, one-pointedness  一境性

Sahita: (adj) endowed with, accompanied by; united  俱

Paṭhama: (adj) first, foremost; earliest, previous; principal, chief, best

Jhāna: (n) meditation, contemplation; religious meditation; ecstasy, trance  禪

Sotāpatti: (f) the state of a Sotāpanna  須陀洹的境界，須陀洹道

Magga: (m) path, road; trace, track; course, passage  道

Dutiya: (adj) second

Tatiya: (adj) third

Catuttha: (adj) fourth

Upekkhā, upekhā: (f) indifference to pain and pleasure, equanimity, resignation  捨

Pañcama: (adj) fifth

Imāni: (pron. n.) these

Pañca: (num) five

Nāma: (adv) by name; indeed

Tathā: (adv) so, thus; also

Sakadāgāmi: (adj) returning once   (m) one who has entered the second path to Nirvāṇa  斯陀含

Anāgāmi: (m) one who does not return, one who has entered the third path to Nirvāṇa  阿那含

Arahatta: (n) state of being an Arahā, Arhatship  阿羅漢的境界，阿羅漢道

Sama: (adj) same, similar, like, equal; just, impartial; full, complete, entire

Vīsati: (f. num) twenty

Phala: (n) fruit, grain, crop, produce; result, consequence; reward, profit  果

Cattāḷīsa, cattārīsa: (f. num) forty

Lokuttara: (adj) transcending the world, supramundane, spiritual  出世間

1.10.3 結論

(Summary)

1. Jhānaṅgayogabhedena

Katv ekekan tu pañcadhā

Vuccat ānuttaraṃ cittaṃ

Cattāḷīsavidhan ti ca.

Dividing each (supramundane) consciousness into five kinds according to different Jhāna factors, the supramundane consciousness, it is said, becomes forty.

依禪支不同，每心分作五；

故說無上心，共有四十種。

NOTES

Aṅga: (n) a part, portion, division, factor; a limb, member; a means, cause; a requisite; a quality, attribute

Jhānaṅga: (n) a part or a factor of Jhāna  禪支

Yoga: (m) junction, union; method, means, plan, device; application, endeavor, diligence, devotion, mental concentration  結合

Bheda: (m) breaking; rending; division; disunion; breach; schism; sort, kind  分別

Karoti: to act, do, cause, cause to become, render, make, perform   ger. katvā      opt. kayirā, kayirātha, kubbetha, kare, kareyya

Ekeka: (adj) one by one, each, severally

Tu: (part. tv + vowel) now, but, indeed; never used at the beginning of a sentence

Pañcadhā: (adv) in five ways, fivefold

Vuccati, uccati: (pl. vuccare) to be called, be spoken (of), be meant, recited

Anuttara: (adj) unrivaled, preeminent, incomparable, supreme  無上

2. Yathā ca rūpāvacaraṃ

Gayhat’ ānuttaraṃ tathā

Paṭhamādijhānabhede

Āruppañ cā pi pañcame.

As the Form-Sphere consciousness is treated as first Jhāna consciousness and so on, even so is the supramundane consciousness. The Formless- Sphere consciousness is included in the fifth Jhāna.

如同色界心，依初禪等分；

無色界禪心，歸於第五禪。

NOTES

Yathā: (adv) as, like, how, when

Rūpāvacara: (m) realm or world of Form, Form-Sphere  色界

Gayhati: (pass. gaṇhāti) to be taken, be seized; be perceived, learned, obtained     imperat. gayhatu

Ādi: (m) beginning, starting-point;   +ādi: et cetera, and so on

Bheda: (m) breaking; rending; division; disunion; breach; schism; sort, kind  分別

Āruppa: (adj) formless, incorporeal, belonging to Arūpabrahmaloka  無色

3. Ekādasavidhaṃ tasmā

Paṭhamādikam’ īritaṃ

Jhānam’ ekekam’ ante tu

Tevīsatividhaṃ bhave.

Thus the Jhānas beginning from the first amount to eleven, they say. The last Jhāna (i.e., the fifth) totals twenty-three.

於是初禪等，各說十一種；

最後第五禪，則有二十三。

NOTES

Ekādasa: (num) eleven

Tasmā: (adv) thereby, therefore, accordingly

Ādika: (adj) beginning with, first, initial;   +ādika [=ādi]: et cetera, and the rest

Īreti: to cause to utter, say; to cause to move, shake   opt. īraye   pp. īrita

Anta: (m/n) end; limit, boundary; proximity, side; destruction, death; lowest, inferior; interior    loc. ante: at the end, at the last

Tevīsati: (num) 23

4. Sattatiṃsavidhaṃ puññaṃ

Dvipaññāsavidhaṃ tathā

Pākam icc āhu cittāni

Ekavīsasataṃ budhā’ ti.

Thirty-seven are Morals, fifty-two are Resultants; thus the wise say that there are one hundred and twenty-one types of consciousness.

善有三十七，果報五十二；

是故智者說，一百廿一心。

NOTES

Sattatiṃsa: (num) 37

Puñña: (n) goodness, good work, merit   (adj) good, virtuous, meritorious  善

Dvipaññāsa: (num) 52

Pāka: (m/n) cooking; ripeness, maturity; result, fulfillment, accomplishment  果報

Iti, ti, icc (before a vowel): (adv) thus

Āha: to say, speak; to call; to tell   pl. āhu, āhaṃsu  [only the 3rd pers. sing. or pl. are in general use, either a past or present signification]

Ekavīsasata: (num) 121

Budha: (adj/m) wise; a wise man

Iti Abhidhammatthasaṅgahe Cittasaṅgahavibhāgo nāma paṭhamo paricchedo.

Thus ends the first chapter of the Abhidhammattha Saṅgaha, which deals with the Analysis of the Consciousness.

《阿毗達摩概要》裡，名為「心之概要」的第一章至此完畢。

NOTES

Iti, ti, icc (before a vowel): (adv) thus; generally placed at the end of a book, or of a chapter or section, to introduce the title

Abhidhamma: (m/n) higher doctrine, transcendental doctrine

Attha, aṭṭha, aṭṭa: (m) desire, want, need; occasion; cause, reason, purpose; object, thing, substance; advantage, good, welfare; property, wealth; meaning, sense, significance  事物，義，利 etc.

Saṅgaha: (m) taking, collecting; conjunction, assemblage; compilation, abridgement; favor, kindness  概要

Vibhāga: (m) division  分析，分別

Pariccheda: (m) division, separation, discrimination; definition; decision, judgement; limit, boundary, extent; section, region; chapter of a book  章