31 Planes of Existence（三十一個生存空間）

Arūpaloka / Arūpāvacara (the Formless-Sphere) 無色界

31. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatana*: the Realm or Sphere of Neither Perception nor Non-perception  非想非非想處

30. Ākiñcaññāyatana: the Realm or Sphere of Nothingness  無所有處

29. Viññāṇañcāyatana: the Realm or Sphere of the Infinity of Consciousness  識無邊處

28. Ākāsānañcāyatana: the Realm or Sphere of the Infinity of Space; the name of the first of the Arūpabrahmalokas  空無邊處

［注］

* 另作 Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanupaga deva　（餘類推）

Upaga: (adj) going to, entering on, undergoing

Ākāsa: (m) the sky, air, heaven; the open air; space  空

Ananta: (adj) endless, eternal; boundless, infinite  無邊

Āyatana: (n) place, dwelling, abode, home, seat; altar, shrine; place of origin, source, cause, origin  處

Ākāsānañcāyatana = Ākāsa + ananta (anañca)+ āyatana

ananta + ya => anantya => anañca: (n) infinity, endlessness, boundlessness

Viññāṇa: (n) consciousness; thought, mind; intelligence, knowledge  識

Viññāṇañcāyatana = Viññāṇa + anañca (省略 ana 音) + āyatana

Ākiñcañña: (n) nothingness, void; poverty, state of having nothing

Eva, yeva: (adv) just, quite, even, only

N’eva… na: neither… nor…

Saññā: (f) perception, consciousness, sense; intellect, thought; sign, gesture  想

Nevasaññānāsaññā: (f) neither perception nor non-perception  非想非非想

Rūpaloka / Rūpāvacara (the Form-Sphere) 色界

27. Akaniṭṭha deva: Peerless deva  色究竟天

26. Sudassī deva: Clear-sighted deva  善見天

25. Sudassa deva: Beautiful deva  善現天

24. Atappa deva: Untroubled deva  無熱天

23. Aviha deva: Deva not Falling Away  無煩天

22. Asaññasatta: Unconscious being  無想有情天

21. Vehapphala deva: Very Fruitful deva  廣果天

20. Subhakiṇṇa deva: Deva of Refulgent Glory  遍淨天

19. Appamāṇasubha deva: Deva of Unbounded Glory  無量淨天

18. Parittasubha deva: Deva of Limited Glory  少淨天

17. Ābhassara deva: Deva of Streaming Radiance  極光淨天，（舊譯）光音天

16. Appamāṇābha deva: Deva of Unbounded Radiance  無量光天

15. Parittābha deva: Deva of Limited Radiance  少光天

14. Mahābrahma: Great Brahma  大梵天

13. Brahmapurohita deva: Minister of Brahma  梵輔天

12. Brahmapārisajja deva: Retinue of Brahma  梵衆天

［注］

Akaniṭṭha: (adj) greatest, highest, sublime

Sudassī: (adj) seeing well

Sudassa: (adj) easily seen, obvious

Atappa: (adj) not scorched, not worried or distressed

Aviha: (adj) not falling away; not thinking (?)

Asaññasatta: (adj) unconscious

Vehapphala: (adj) very fruitful

Subhakiṇṇa, subhakiṇha, subhakiṇṇaka: (adj) filled and pervaded with radiance

Appamāṇa: (adj) unlimited, boundless, infinite, innumerable

Subha: (adj) radiant, lustrous; beautiful; good; auspicious, happy    (n) lustre; goodness; pleasure; desire

Appamāṇasubha: (adj) of infinite beauty or glory

Paritta: (adj) small, brief, limited

Parittasubha: (adj) of limited splendor

Ābhassara: (adj) shining, radiant

Sara: (adj) flowing, going    (m) sound; voice; musical sound; vowel

Appamāṇābha: (adj) of infinite splendor

Ābhā: (f) splendor, radiance, light

Parittābha: (adj) of minor brilliancy

Mahābrahma: (m) the Great Brahma

Purohita: (m) a brahmin who is a king’s domestic chaplain, a minister

Brahmapurohita: (m) minister or priest to Mahābrahma

Pārisajja: (adj) belonging to an assembly

Brahmapārisajja: belonging to the retinue of Mahābrahma

Kāmaloka / kāmāvacara (the Sensuous-Sphere) 欲界

11. Paranimmita-vasavatti deva: deva wielding power over the creation of others　他化自在天

10. Nimmānarati deva: deva delighting in creation　化樂天

9. Tusita deva: contented devas　兜率天

8. Yāma deva: deva inhabiting Yāmadevaloka, or Yāmaloka　夜摩天

7. Tāvatiṃsa deva: deva inhabiting the Heaven of Thirty-three　三十三天

6. Cātummahārājika deva: deva inhabiting the Heaven of Four Great Kings　四大王天

5. Manussaloka: the world of human beings　人界

4. Asurabhavana: the Asura world　阿修羅界

3. Petaloka: the world of hungry ghosts　餓鬼界

2. Tiracchānayoni: existence as animals　動物界

1. Niraya: Hell　地獄界

［注］

Paranimmita: (adj) created or brought into being by others

Vasavattī: (adj) bringing into subjection

Paranimmita-vasavattī: (adj) having at one’s disposal pleasures created by others

Nimmāna: (n) measuring; forming, making, creation, fabrication

Rati: (f) pleasure; love

Peta: (pp) dead, departed   (m) spirit of a dead person, a deceased relative

Tiracchāna: (m) an animal, beast

Tiracchānayoni: (f) the brute creation

Yoni: (f) the womb; the vagina; source, origin; material; cause; a class of beings; form of birth or existence; knowledge, wisdom

Niraya: (m) hell

［參考網站］

http://www.dhammatalks.org/Dhamma/Refuge/31Planes2.htm

http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/dhamma/sagga/loka.html

［注釋依據］

Childers, R. C. A Dictionary of the Pali Language. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 2005.

Rhys Davids, T. W., and William Stede. Pali-English Dictionary. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 2003.