A-12 Since inflation is accelerating, the price of gold will increase.

Ans:

是論證，句子前半段為前提，後半段為結論。說者認為前面語句所描寫的事況為真，因此後面語句所描寫的事況也會成真。

B-1 It's no use going to the bank today. This is a legal holiday. The bank will be closed. Banks always close on legal holidays.

Ans:

A number of different points are present in this argument.

1.It's no use going to the bank today.

2.This is a legal holiday.

3.The bank will be closed.

4.Banks always close on legal holidays.

The following diagram is the structure of this argument:

C-1 Abe, Bill, Cindy, Don, and Ella each lives in a different city. Abe lives in the third of these cities to the west of Cindy. Bill or Don or Ella lives to the east of Cindy just in case Abe does so as well. Ella lives east of Bill and of Don. Don lives west of Bill if Cindy lives east of Ella. The cities are Albany, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, and El Paso. Who lives where?

Ans:

We can diagram the above hints:

1.Abe, Bill, Cindy, Don, and Ella each lives in a different city.

A、B、C、D、E住在五個不同的城市中

畫成圖則為：○○○○○(西←→東)

2.Abe lives in the third of these cities to the west of Cindy.

A住在C的西邊，且住在這些城市中的第三個。

畫成圖則為：○○AC○或○○A○C

3.Bill or Don or Ella lives to the east of Cindy just in case Abe does so as well.

只有在A住在C的東邊時，B或D或E會著在C的東邊。

但第二點的線索顯示：A在C的西邊，而不在C的東邊。因此B、D、E都不在C的東邊。

可能性只剩下：○○A○C

4.Ella lives east of Bill and of Don.

E住在B與D的東邊

畫成圖則為：○○AEC

5.Don lives west of Bill if Cindy lives east of Ella.

若c住在E的東邊，則D住在B的西邊

畫成圖則為：DBAEC

由西到東的五個城市，依序是El Paso, Chicago, Detroit, Albany, Boston。

因此 Don 住在El Paso，Bill住在Chicago，Abe住在Detroit，Ella住在Albany，Cindy住在Boston。