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2019/09/16 01:55:12瀏覽32|回應0|推薦0 | |
《南傳法句經》第 42 偈
故事為鄙人摘譯自 K. Sri Dhammananda 長老主編的英文版 The Dhammapada,添枝減葉若干。
《法句經》第 42 偈的故事明白點出,各人造業各自受,神仙佛陀也救不得;惟有保持正確的心念,庶幾可從無明中解脫。話說憍薩羅國(Kosala)有個名叫南達(Nanda)的牧人,替大富翁給孤獨長者(Anāthapiṇḍika)照顧牛隻。雖然只是個牧牛人,但他盡可能攢下每分錢,家道頗為殷實。他偶爾會到僱主家,有時在那兒遇見佛陀,聆聽說法。南達不時邀請佛陀到他家,不過佛陀說時機尚未成熟,未立即答允。 過了一陣子,有天,佛陀領著弟子們進城乞食,途中臨時改道,繞到南達的家,因為佛陀曉得南達的智慧已臻成熟,足以正確了解佛法。接連好幾日,南達恭敬地接待並供養佛陀和比丘們。最後一天,南達聽完佛陀的說法後,便證得初果。當天佛陀一群人要離去時,他捧著佛陀的缽,恭送佛陀一程後,才頂禮返家。 就在那當兒,某個獵人,是南達的宿敵,竟一箭射死他。走在後面的比丘發現他的屍體後,趕上來稟報佛陀,並說:「世尊!因為您的駕臨,南達作了豐盛的供養,並陪您走了一段路送客,才會在回家的路上被人射死。」言下之意,假若佛陀沒來,南達就不會遭此死劫。 佛陀答說:「比丘啊!無論我來或不來,因為昔日所造之業,南達都難逃一死。所以,你們應當思惟,錯誤的心念比仇敵或小偷所造的傷害更深,對抗危險的唯一保障是正確的心念。」 至於南達前世究竟造了什麼惡業?弟子沒問,佛陀沒說,我們自然無從知曉。
[巴利原文與英譯取自 Nārada 長老編譯的 The Dhammapada]
042 An Ill-Disposed Mind Is the Greatest Enemy
Diso disaṃ yaṃ taṃ kayirā Verī vā pana verinaṃ Micchāpaṇihitaṃ cittaṃ Pāpiyo naṃ tato kare
Whatever (harm) a foe may do to a foe, or a hater to a hater, yet an ill-directed mind can do oneself far greater (harm).
[中譯取自法增比丘的《南傳法句經新譯》]
仇敵害仇敵,怨家惡怨家; 心向於邪道*,遠甚仇家害。
* 十惡:殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪、瞋、邪見。
NOTES 註釋主要依據: A Dictionary of the Pali Language, by R. C. Childers; Pali-English Dictionary, by T. W. Rhys Davids and W. Stede
Disa: (m) an enemy Yo (yad): (pron. m) who, what, which; he who, whoever (n) yaṃ (f) yā Taṃ, naṃ: (pron. acc.) him, it Yaṃ taṃ: whatever Karoti: to make, do opt. kayirā, kayirātha, kare, kareyya, kubbetha Verī, verin: (m) an enemy, hater (adj) hostile, hating, revengeful Vā: (conj) or Pana: (adv) now, further; but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however Micchā: (adv) wrongly, in a wrong way, wrong- , false Paṇidahati (paṇidheti): to long for, wish for, pray for, aspire; resolve, apply, put forth ger. paṇidhāya pp. paṇihita: resolved, determined, intent, applied, directed, bent on, well directed, controlled Micchāpaṇihita: wrongly directed Citta: (n) the mind, the heart; thought, idea; will, intention Pāpiya: (adj) worse, wicked [nom./acc.] pāpiyo [comparative of pāpa, =pāpatara] worse, more evil or wicked Tato: (comparative) than that
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