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悟後起修-----------彭斯副總統有關美國政府中國政策講話--------------俄羅斯能扮演何種角色？
彭斯副總統有關美國政府中國政策講話全文翻譯
2018年10月5日 07:41 美國之音
美國副總統彭斯星期四在華盛頓智庫哈德遜研究所就美國政府的中國政策發表長篇演說。彭斯抨擊中國試圖破壞美國的民主制度。
彭斯的講話涉及話題廣泛，還包括美中貿易爭端、中國在南中國海的軍事化、對臺灣的打壓，還有中共對國內民眾的監控和壓制以及在美國和海外施加影響力等等。他在講話中引用了情報評估和公開信息，並談到了一些具體例證。
彭斯副總統批評前幾屆美國政府忽視了中國的行動甚至“助長”了中國。但是他說：“這樣的日子結束了。”
彭斯說，特朗普政府已經對中國採取新的政策。他說：“我們尋求公平、對等以及相互尊重主權的關係，而且我們已經開始採取迅速有力的行動來達成這個目標。”
以下是美國之音根據白宮發佈的彭斯副總統演講稿所做的全文翻譯：
肯(哈德遜研究所總裁兼首席執行官Kenneth R. Weinstein)，感謝你的介紹。尊敬的各位理事，白邦瑞博士(Dr. Michael Pillsbury)、各位尊敬的嘉賓以及“以非傳統方式思考未來”的在座各位，能來哈德遜研究所演講是我的榮幸。
大約半個世紀以來，哈德遜研究所致力於“推進全球安全、繁榮與自由”。儘管哈德遜研究所的領導層不斷更迭，有一件事從未改變：你們不斷推進尋求真相，美國的領導力照耀著前進的道路”。
今天，談到領導力，請允許我帶來美國在國內外發揮強大領導力的宣導者---第45屆美國總統唐納德·特朗普的問候。
特朗普總統上任伊始，就把與中國和中國國家主席習近平的關係列為重要議題。去年4月6日，特朗普總統在海湖莊園與習主席會面。去年11月8日，特朗普總統前往北京，中國領導人熱情接待了他。
在過去的兩年裏，我們的總統與中華人民共和國主席建立了堅固的個人關係，他們合作推進共同利益，最重要的就是推進朝鮮半島的去核化。
我今天來到這裏，是因為美國人民有權利知道這一點，那就是在此刻，北京正在使用一種全政府的手段，利用政治、經濟、軍事工具以及宣傳，在美國推進其影響和利益。
中國也比以往更活躍地使用其力量，來影響並干預美國的國內政策和政治。
在特朗普總統的領導下，美國使用我們的原則和政策，開始對於中國的行動展開決定性的回擊。
特朗普總統去年12月公佈的《國家安全戰略》中，談到了“大國競賽”的新時代。外國開始“重塑他們在區域和全球的影響力”，並“挑戰美國的地緣政治優勢，並試圖改變國際秩序使之適合他們的利益”。
在這項戰略中，特朗普總統明確表示，美國已經對中國採取新的政策。我們尋求公平、對等以及相互尊重主權的關係，而且我們已經開始採取迅速有力的行動來達成這個目標。
特朗普總統去年訪問中國期間表示，“我們有機會加強兩國的關係並改善兩國民眾的生活”。我們對未來的願景建立在過去的最佳時期，那時美中兩國以公開和友善的態度互相接觸。
在獨立戰爭之後，當我們年輕的國家尋求新的出口市場時，中國人對帶著滿載著人參和皮毛的美國貿易者敞開了大門。
當中國經受“百年恥辱”之際，美國拒絕加入，並主張“門戶開放”政策，我們能夠與中國進行更自由的貿易，並維持他們的主權。
當美國傳教士帶著福音來到中國海岸，他們被古老而充滿活力的人民和深厚的文化所吸引。他們不僅傳播了信仰，還創立了中國一些最早和最優秀的大學。
隨著二戰開始，我們做為盟國共同打擊帝國主義。在戰爭之後，美國確保中國成為聯合國的一部分，成為戰後世界的一股重要力量。
但是，中國共產黨在1949年掌權之後開始了威權擴張主義。很難想像五年之前我們並肩作戰，而五年之後我們在朝鮮半島的山區和峽谷中交戰。我的父親也參與了那場自由之戰。
然而，甚至殘酷的朝鮮戰爭都沒能磨滅我們恢復人民之間長期紐帶的共同願望。中國與美國的隔離在1972年結束，之後不久，我們恢復了外交關係並開始經貿往來，美國大學也開始培訓新一代的中國工程師、商業領袖、學者和官員。
蘇聯垮臺之後，我們認為中國將不可避免地成為自由國家。帶著這份樂觀，美國在21世紀前夕向中國敞開大門，將中國納入世界貿易組織。
此前的政府做出這個決定，希望中國的自由將蔓延到各個領域---不僅僅是經濟，更是政治上，希望中國尊重傳統的自由主義原則、尊重私人財產、個人自由和宗教自由，尊重人權。但是這個希望落空了。
中國人民自由的希望仍沒有實現。北京仍然口頭上在說“改革開放”，然而鄧小平的這個著名政策已經變得空洞。
在過去17年，中國的GDP增長九倍，變成了世界第二大經濟體。這很大程度上得益於美國對中國的投資。中國共產黨也使用了與自由公平貿易不符的一系列政策，包括關稅、配額、貨幣操縱、強制技術轉移、知識產權盜竊以及工業補貼。這些政策建立了中國製造業的基本，而以競爭對手特別是美國的利益為代價。
中國的行為給美國帶來了巨大貿易赤字，去年這個數字是3750億，幾乎占我們全球貿易赤字的一半。就像特朗普總統本周說的，我們在過去25年重建了中國。
現在，通過“中國製造2025”，中國共產黨試圖控制全世界90%的最先進的工業，包括機器人、生物科技和人工智慧。為了贏得21世紀經濟的領導權，北京指導其工業官員和商界以任何方式獲取美國的知識產權。這是我們經濟領導力的基石。
北京現在要求很多想在中國做生意的美國公司交出他們的商業秘密，也要求並支援對美國公司的並購，以獲取他們的創意。最可怕的是，中國的安全機構掌握了大量竊取美國科技的能力---包括最先進的軍事技術。使用這些偷竊的技術，中共正大規模地化犁為劍。
中國的軍費是亞洲其他國家的總和，北京將在陸海空，乃至外太空抗衡美國軍力作為首要任務。中國希望將美國擠出西太平洋，並試圖阻止我們援助盟友。但是他們會失敗。
北京也比以往任何時候都更廣泛地宣示其力量。中國船隻經常在由日本管理的尖閣列島附近巡邏。儘管中國領導人2015年站在白宮玫瑰園裏說他的國家“無意將南中國海軍事化”，今天，在人工建造的島嶼上的軍事基地裏，北京部署了先進的反艦和防空導彈。
中國這星期展示了咄咄逼人的行為，一艘中國軍艦逼近在南中國海進行自由航行的美國“迪凱特號”軍艦，兩艦相距僅有不到45碼，迫使我方軍艦迅速採取避撞動作。儘管受到這樣魯莽的騷擾，美國海軍將在國際法允許的範圍內、在我們國家利益的要求下，繼續飛行、航行和運作。我們不會被嚇倒；我們不會退縮。（掌聲）
美國曾希望經濟自由化將讓中國與我們和世界建立起更好的夥伴關係。相反，中國選擇了經濟侵略，而這又壯大了中國不斷擴大的軍隊的膽量。
北京也沒有像我們希望的那樣讓自己的人民邁向更大的自由。曾有一度，北京慢慢地走向更大的自由以及對人權的更大尊重。然而，近年來，中國朝著控制和壓迫本國人民的方向急轉彎。
如今，中國已經建立了無以倫比的監控國家，範圍越來越廣，越來越具侵入性，而且經常是在美國技術的幫助之下。他們所說的“中國防火長城”也築得越來越高，嚴重限制著中國人民的資訊自由流通。
在宗教自由的問題上，中國的基督徒、佛教徒和穆斯林正在經受新一波迫害浪潮的衝擊。
上個月，北京關閉了中國最大的地下教會之一。在全國各地，當局拆毀十字架、焚燒聖經、監禁信徒。北京如今還與梵蒂岡達成協定，讓公開宣稱不信神的共產黨在任命天主教主教方面發揮直接作用。對中國的基督徒來說，這些是絕望的時刻。
北京也在打壓佛教。過去十年來，超過150名藏僧為了抗議中國壓制他們的信仰和文化而自焚。在新疆，共產黨在政府營地內監禁了多達一百萬維吾爾穆斯林。他們在那裏經受晝夜不停的洗腦。營地的倖存者描述他們的經歷說，這是北京蓄意要扼殺維吾爾文化並消滅穆斯林信仰。
歷史已經證明，那些壓迫本國人民的國家很少就此住手。北京還試圖將其勢力擴展到全世界各地。正如哈德遜研究所的白邦瑞博士所寫，“中國反對美國政府的行動和目標。實際上，中國正在與美國的盟友和敵人打造自己的關係，與北京的任何和平或積極的意圖背道而馳。”
事實上，中國用所謂的“債務外交”擴大其影響力。今天，中國為亞洲、非洲、歐洲甚至拉丁美洲的政府提供數千億美元的基礎設施貸款。但這些貸款的條款就算往好裏說也是不透明的，而且帶來的利益壓倒性地流向北京。
問問斯里蘭卡吧，他們借了巨額債務讓中國國企建造商業價值存疑的港口。兩年前斯里蘭卡無法償還貸款，於是北京迫使斯里蘭卡將新建的港口交到中國手裏。這個港口可能很快就要成為中國不斷擴展的藍水海軍的前沿基地了。
在我們的半球內，北京向委內瑞拉腐敗無能的馬杜羅政權提供了一條生命線，承諾提供50億美元的、可以用石油償還的貸款。中國還是該國最大的單一債權人，讓委內瑞拉人民背上了超過500億美元的債務。北京還通過向承諾配合中國戰略目標的政黨和候選人提供直接支持來腐化一些國家的政治。
自去年以來，中國共產黨已說服三個拉丁美洲國家與臺灣斷交，轉而承認北京。這些行動威脅到臺灣海峽的穩定—美利堅合眾國對此予以譴責。儘管我們政府將遵守三個聯合公報和《臺灣關係法》所反映的一個中國政策，美國始終相信，臺灣對民主的擁抱為所有華人展示了一條更好的道路。（掌聲）
在特朗普總統的領導下，美利堅合眾國一直在以重新煥發的美國實力來捍衛我們的利益。
我們正在使世界歷史上最強大的軍隊更為強大。今年早些時候，特朗普總統簽署法律，讓我們的國防經費有了羅奈爾得·雷根時代以來最大的增長，撥款7160億美元，以加強美軍在各個領域的實力。
我們正在把我們的核武庫現代化。我們正在部署和開發新的先進戰鬥機和轟炸機。我們正在建造新一代航空母艦和戰艦。我們對我們武裝部隊的投資是前所未有的。這包括啟動建立美國太空軍的進程，以確保我們在太空的主宰地位能夠持續下去。我們已經採取行動，授權加強在網路世界的能力，打造針對我們對手的威懾力量。
在特朗普總統的指示下，我們還在落實針對2500億美元中國產品的關稅，最高額的關稅特別對準了北京試圖搶佔和控制的先進產業。總統也明確表示，我們還將徵收更多的關稅，有可能大幅增加這筆數額，可能會翻一番還多，除非達成公平與對等的協定。
這些行動行使了美國的實力，造成了重大影響。中國最大的股市在今年頭九個月跌落了25%，大部分原因是因為本屆行政當局對北京的貿易行為採取了堅定的立場。
正如特朗普總統所明確表示，我們不希望中國的市場遭殃。事實上，我們希望他們的市場繁榮。但是，美國希望北京尋求自由、公平和對等的貿易政策。我們將繼續堅持要求他們這樣做。（掌聲）
可悲的是，中國的統治者到目前為止拒絕走那條道路。美國人民理應知道：做為對特朗普總統所採取的強硬立場的回應，北京正在推動一場全面而有協調的運動，以破壞總統、我們的議程和我們國家最珍貴的理想所受到的支援。
今天我想告訴你們我們瞭解到的中國在美國國內所採取的行動，有些是我們從情報評估中收集的，有些是可以公開獲取的。但是一切都是事實。
就像我說過的那樣，就在我們此時說話之際，北京正在利用全政府的方式來推進其影響力並謀取其利益。北京正在以更為主動和脅迫性的方式使用這種力量，干涉美國的國內政策和政治。
今天，中國共產黨政府正在獎賞或脅迫美國的工商企業、電影製片廠、大學、智庫、學者、記者、地方、州和聯邦政府官員。
最惡劣的是，中國發起了前所未有的行動，以影響美國公眾輿論、2018年選舉和2020年總統選舉前的環境。坦率地說，特朗普總統的領導正在奏效；中國希望美國有個不同的總統。
毫無疑問,中國正在干涉美國的民主運作。就像特朗普總統上個星期所說的那樣，我們“發現中國在試圖干預我們2018年即將到來的中期選舉。”
我們的情報界表示，“中國正在瞄準美國的州和地方政府和官員，以利用聯邦政府和地方政府在政策上的分歧。中國正在利用一些可能引起意見分裂的議題，如貿易關稅問題，以推動北京的政治影響力。”
今年6月，北京發出了一份名為宣傳管理通知的敏感檔，其中提出了它的戰略。該通知的原話說，中國必須精准出擊，分化美國國內不同的群體。
為了達到這一目的，北京調遣其隱秘的行動人員、幌子組織和宣傳機構來改變美國人對中國政策的看法。我們情報界一位資深職業官員最近告訴我說，跟中國正在美國各地所做的事情相比，俄羅斯正在做的事情是小巫見大巫。
一些中國高級官員還試圖把美國一些工商界領袖意圖維持他們在中國的公司運營的願望作為杠杆來影響他們，要他們譴責我們的貿易行動。最近的一個例子是，他們威脅美國一家大公司說，如果該公司拒絕公開發聲反對美國政府的政策，就不批准他們在中國的營業執照。
就影響中期選舉而言，諸位只需要看一看北京針對我們的關稅政策提出的反制關稅就可以了。北京特意鎖定那些可能在2018年選舉中發揮重大作用的行業和州。 有一種估算是，中國選擇打擊的美國的郡有80%以上曾在2016年投票支持特朗普總統；如今，中國希望把那些選民調轉過來反對我們的行政當局。
中國還直接向美國選民發出訴求。上個星期，中國政府出資在《得梅因紀事報》刊登了好幾頁的插頁廣告。那份報紙是美國駐中國大使的家鄉州愛奧華州的主要報紙，也是2018年選舉的一個具有關鍵州。那些廣告的版面設計看上去像是新聞報導，把我們的貿易政策說成是魯莽的，對愛奧華州的人是有害的。
幸運的是，美國人不吃這一套。例如，美國農場主跟總統站在一起，而且也正在看到特朗普總統所採取的堅定立場有了實際的效果，其中包括本星期美國-墨西哥-加拿大協議(USMCA)，我們以實質性的方式為美國產品打開了北美的市場。USMCA對美國的農場主和製造業來說是重大勝利。（掌聲）
然而，中國的行動並不僅僅專注於影響我們的政策和政治。北京還在採取步驟，利用其經濟杠杆力和巨大市場的誘惑力，對美國工商界施加影響。
北京如今要求在中國經營的美國合資企業在公司內部建立他們所說的“黨組織”，讓共產黨在雇人和投資決策上擁有發言權甚至否決權。
中國當局還對把臺灣描述為獨特地理實體或者偏離中國西藏政策的美國公司發出威脅。北京迫使達美航空公司因為不在網站上把臺灣稱為“中國一個省”而公開道歉。北京還迫使萬豪解雇了一名只是轉推了一條有關西藏推文的美國雇員。
北京經常性地要求好萊塢嚴格地正面描繪中國。那些沒有這樣做的製片廠和製片人受到懲罰。北京的審查人員對哪怕對中國只有小小批評的電影都迅速加以剪輯或取締。影片《僵屍世界大戰》(World War Z)必須刪掉劇本裏提到的一種病毒，因為這種病毒源自中國。影片《赤色黎明》(Red Dawn)利用數位技術進行了修改，把反面人物變成朝鮮人，而不是中國人。
但是，除了工商和娛樂領域之外，中國共產黨還在為美國境內，而且坦率地說，在全世界各地的宣傳機構花費數以十億計美元。
中國國際廣播電臺如今在美國30多個電臺播放對北京友好的節目，很多電臺位於美國大城市。中國國際電視臺觸及到7千5百萬美國人，它直接從中國共產黨的主子那裏接受行動命令。中國最高領導人視察這家電視網路總部時說了這樣的話：“黨和政府主辦的媒體是黨和政府的宣傳陣地，必須姓黨。”
出於這些原因和這一現實，司法部在上個月下令該網路登記為外國代理人。
共產黨還威脅和拘押那些對問題挖掘太深的美國記者的中國家人。中共還封鎖美國媒體機構的網站並增加了我們的記者獲得簽證的難度。這發生在《紐約時報》發表了有關中國一些領導人的財富的調查報告之後。
但是媒體不是中共試圖營造審查文化的唯一領域。學術界也是這樣。
只需看看中國學生學者聯合會就夠了。這個組織在美國各地校園有150多個分支。這些群體幫助為在美國學習的43多萬中國國民中的一些人組織社會活動，當中國學生和美國學校偏離了共產黨路線時，他們還向中國使領館報告。
在馬里蘭大學，一名中國學生最近在畢業典禮上談到了她所說的“言論自由的清新空氣”。共產黨官方報紙立刻斥責了她，她成為嚴格控制下的中國社交媒體批評風暴的受害者，她的家人在國內受到騷擾。而對馬里蘭大學本身而言，它與中國的交流專案本是美國最為廣泛的，突然間從源源不絕變成了點點細流。
中國還通過其他方式施加學術壓力。北京慷慨地向大學、智庫和學者提供資金，彼此的理解是他們會回避共產黨認為危險或冒犯的觀點。中國事務專家尤其知道，如果他們的研究與北京的口徑相抵觸，他們的簽證將被延遲或拒絕。
即使避免從中國拿錢的學者和組織也成為中國的打擊目標。哈德遜研究所就有親身體會。在你們提出要為一位北京不喜歡的講話人主辦講座時，你們的網站遭到源自上海的重大網路攻擊。你們比多數人都瞭解，中共試圖破壞美國今天的學術自由和言論自由。
這些以及其他行動加在一起，構成了不斷加劇的努力，目的是要讓美國的公眾輿論和公共政策偏離堅持美國優先的特朗普總統的領導。但是我們向中國統治者發出的訊息是：本屆總統不會退縮，（掌聲）美國人民不會動搖。雖然我們希望改善與北京的關係，但我們將繼續堅定地捍衛我們的安全和我們的經濟。
本屆行政當局將繼續採取果斷行動，保護美國的利益、美國的就業和美國的安全。
在我們重建軍隊的同時，我們將繼續維護美國在印太地區的利益。
在我們回應中國的貿易行為時，我們將繼續要求與中國建立自由、公平和對等的經濟關係。我們將要求北京打破貿易壁壘，履行義務，全面開放經濟——就像我們開放我們的經濟一樣。
我們將繼續對北京採取行動，直到盜竊美國知識產權的行為永遠消失。我們將繼續堅定立場，直到中國政府停止強行技術轉讓的掠奪性做法。我們將保護美國企業的私有財產利益。(掌聲)
為了推進我們自由開放的印度洋-太平洋地區願景，我們正在與從印度到薩摩亞等整個地區與我們有著共同價值觀的國家建立更牢固的新紐帶。我們的關係將源于夥伴關係的尊重，而非統治。
我們正在雙邊基礎上達成新的貿易協定，就像上周特朗普總統與韓國簽署了一項改善後的貿易協定一樣。我們不久將開始與日本進行歷史性的雙邊自由貿易談判。(掌聲)
我還高興地報告，我們正在精簡國際發展和金融項目。我們將給外國一個公正、透明的選擇，以取代中國的債務陷阱外交。事實上，本周特朗普總統將把《建設法案》(BUILD Act)簽署成為法律。
下個月，我將有幸代表美國參加在新加坡舉辦的東盟峰會和在巴布亞新磯內亞舉辦的亞太經合論壇。在那裏，我們將公佈新的措施和計畫，以支持一個自由開放的印太地區。我將代表總統傳達這樣一個資訊:美國對印度洋-太平洋地區的承諾從未如此堅定。(掌聲)
在國內，為了保護我們的利益，我們最近加強了外國投資委員會的權力，加強了我們對中國在美投資的審查，以保護我們的國家安全不受中國政府掠奪性行為的影響。
當涉及北京對美國政治和政策的惡意影響和干涉時，我們將繼續揭露它，無論北京採取何種形式。我們將與社會各階層領導人合作，捍衛我們的國家利益和最珍視的理想。美國人民將發揮決定性作用——事實上，他們已經在起作用了。
當我們聚集在這裏的時，一種新的共識正在全美興起。越來越多的商界領袖考慮的是下個季度以後的事情，如果要交出他們的知識產權或協助北京的壓迫，在進入中國市場之前，他們會三思而後行。但更多企業必須效仿。例如，谷歌應立即終止“蜻蜓”應用的開發，該應用將加強共產黨的審查，並損害中國消費者的隱私。(掌聲)
我們也很高興看到更多的記者報導真相，不用恐懼也沒有偏袒，深入挖掘如何中國干涉我們社會以及背後原因。我們希望美國和全球新聞機構將繼續加入這一努力。
越來越多的學者也在大聲疾呼，捍衛學術自由，越來越多的大學和智庫也在鼓足勇氣拒絕中國政府的容易錢，它們認識到，每一美元都有相應的要求。我們相信他們的隊伍會不斷壯大。
在全國範圍內，美國人民的警惕性越來越高，他們重新讚賞美國政府的行動，以及特朗普總統重啟美中經濟和戰略關係的領導能力。美國人堅定地支持一位把美國放在第一位的總統。
在特朗普總統的領導下，我可以向你們保證，美國將堅持到底。中國應該知道，美國人民及其兩党民選官員的問題已經得到解決。
正如我們的國家安全戰略所指出的那樣:我們應該記住，“競爭並不總是意味著敵意”，它也不必如此。特朗普總統已經明確表示，我們希望與北京建立建設性關係，共同促進我們的繁榮與安全，而不是分離。儘管中國政府一直在進一步偏離這一願景，但中國領導人仍可以改變路線，回歸幾十年前兩國關係開始時的改革開放精神。美國人民別無所求;中國人民理應得到更多。
偉大的中國作家魯迅經常感歎他的國家，他寫道，“對於異族歷來只有兩樣稱呼，一樣是禽獸，一樣是聖上”，但從沒有說“他也同我們一樣的”。今天，美國向中國伸出了我們的手。我們希望，北京很快會以行動而不是言詞作為回應，重新尊重美國。但請放心:在我們與中國的關係建立在公平、對等和尊重我們主權的基礎上之前，我們不會讓步。(掌聲)
中國有句古話:“人見目前，天見久遠。”在我們前進的道路上，讓我們以決心和信念追求和平與繁榮的未來。相信特朗普總統的領導力和遠見，以及他與中國國家主席建立起的關係。相信美國人民和中國人民之間的持久友誼。相信上天能看到未來——在上帝的恩典下，美國和中國將共同迎接未來。
謝謝。 上帝保佑你們。 上帝保佑美利堅合眾國。 （掌聲）
https://www.voachinese.com/a/pence-speech-20181004/4600329.html
Remarks by Vice President Pence on the Administration’s Policy Toward China
Issued on: October 4, 2018 The Hudson Institute Washington, D.C. 11:07 A.M. EDT
THE VICE PRESIDENT: Thank you, Ken, for that kind introduction. To the Members of the Board of Trustees, to Dr. Michael Pillsbury, to our distinguished guests, and to all of you who, true to your mission in this place, “think about the future in unconventional ways” –- it is an honor to be back at the Hudson Institute. For more than a half a century, this Institute has dedicated itself to “advancing global security, prosperity, and freedom.” And while Hudson’s hometowns have changed over the years, one thing has been constant: You have always advanced that vital truth, that American leadership lights the way. And today, speaking of leadership, allow me to begin by bringing greetings from a great champion of American leadership at home and abroad –- I bring greetings from the 45th President of the United States of America, President Donald Trump. (Applause.) From early in this administration, President Trump has made our relationship with China and President Xi a priority. On April 6th of last year, President Trump welcomed President Xi to Mar-a-Lago. On November 8th of last year, President Trump traveled to Beijing, where China’s leader welcomed him warmly. Over the course of the past two years, our President has forged a strong personal relationship with the President of the People’s Republic of China, and they’ve worked closely on issues of common interest, most importantly the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. But I come before you today because the American people deserve to know that, as we speak, Beijing is employing a whole-of-government approach, using political, economic, and military tools, as well as propaganda, to advance its influence and benefit its interests in the United States. China is also applying this power in more proactive ways than ever before, to exert influence and interfere in the domestic policy and politics of this country. Under President Trump’s leadership, the United States has taken decisive action to respond to China with American action, applying the principles and the policies long advocated in these halls. In our National Security Strategy that the President Trump released last December, he described a new era of “great power competition.” Foreign nations have begun to, as we wrote, “reassert their influence regionally and globally,” and they are “contesting [America’s] geopolitical advantages and trying [in essence] to change the international order in their favor.” In this strategy, President Trump made clear that the United States of America has adopted a new approach to China. We seek a relationship grounded in fairness, reciprocity, and respect for sovereignty, and we have taken strong and swift action to achieve that goal. As the President said last year on his visit to China, in his words, “we have an opportunity to strengthen the relationship between our two countries and improve the lives of our citizens.” Our vision of the future is built on the best parts of our past, when America and China reached out to one another in a spirit of openness and friendship. When our young nation went searching in the wake of the Revolutionary War for new markets for our exports, the Chinese people welcomed American traders laden with ginseng and fur. When China suffered through indignities and exploitations during her so-called “Century of Humiliation,” America refused to join in, and advocated the “Open Door” policy, so that we could have freer trade with China, and preserve their sovereignty. When American missionaries brought the good news to China’s shores, they were moved by the rich culture of an ancient and vibrant people. And not only did they spread their faith, but those same missionaries founded some of China’s first and finest universities. When the Second World War arose, we stood together as allies in the fight against imperialism. And in that war’s aftermath, America ensured that China became a charter member of the United Nations, and a great shaper of the post-war world. But soon after it took power in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party began to pursue authoritarian expansionism. It is remarkable to think that only five years after our nations had fought together, we fought each other in the mountains and valleys of the Korean Peninsula. My own father saw combat on that frontier of freedom. But not even the brutal Korean War could diminish our mutual desire to restore the ties that for so long had bound our peoples together. China’s estrangement from the United States ended in 1972, and, soon after, we re-established diplomatic relations and began to open our economies to one another, and American universities began training a new generation of Chinese engineers, business leaders, scholars, and officials. After the fall of the Soviet Union, we assumed that a free China was inevitable. Heady with optimism at the turn of the 21st Century, America agreed to give Beijing open access to our economy, and we brought China into the World Trade Organization. Previous administrations made this choice in the hope that freedom in China would expand in all of its forms -– not just economically, but politically, with a newfound respect for classical liberal principles, private property, personal liberty, religious freedom — the entire family of human rights. But that hope has gone unfulfilled. The dream of freedom remains distant for the Chinese people. And while Beijing still pays lip service to “reform and opening,” Deng Xiaoping’s famous policy now rings hollow. Over the past 17 years, China’s GDP has grown nine-fold; it’s become the second-largest economy in the world. Much of this success was driven by American investment in China. And the Chinese Communist Party has also used an arsenal of policies inconsistent with free and fair trade, including tariffs, quotas, currency manipulation, forced technology transfer, intellectual property theft, and industrial subsidies that are handed out like candy to foreign investment. These policies have built Beijing’s manufacturing base, at the expense of its competitors -– especially the United States of America. China’s actions have contributed to a trade deficit with the United States that last year ran to $375 billion –- nearly half of our global trade deficit. As President Trump said just this week, in his words, “We rebuilt China” over the last 25 years. Now, through the “Made in China 2025” plan, the Communist Party has set its sights on controlling 90 percent of the world’s most advanced industries, including robotics, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence. To win the commanding heights of the 21st century economy, Beijing has directed its bureaucrats and businesses to obtain American intellectual property –- the foundation of our economic leadership -– by any means necessary. Beijing now requires many American businesses to hand over their trade secrets as the cost of doing business in China. It also coordinates and sponsors the acquisition of American firms to gain ownership of their creations. Worst of all, Chinese security agencies have masterminded the wholesale theft of American technology –- including cutting-edge military blueprints. And using that stolen technology, the Chinese Communist Party is turning plowshares into swords on a massive scale. China now spends as much on its military as the rest of Asia combined, and Beijing has prioritized capabilities to erode America’s military advantages on land, at sea, in the air, and in space. China wants nothing less than to push the United States of America from the Western Pacific and attempt to prevent us from coming to the aid of our allies. But they will fail. Beijing is also using its power like never before. Chinese ships routinely patrol around the Senkaku Islands, which are administered by Japan. And while China’s leader stood in the Rose Garden at the White House in 2015 and said that his country had, and I quote, “no intention to militarize” the South China Sea, today, Beijing has deployed advanced anti-ship and anti-air missiles atop an archipelago of military bases constructed on artificial islands. China’s aggression was on display this week, when a Chinese naval vessel came within 45 yards of the USS Decatur as it conducted freedom-of-navigation operations in the South China Sea, forcing our ship to quickly maneuver to avoid collision. Despite such reckless harassment, the United States Navy will continue to fly, sail, and operate wherever international law allows and our national interests demand. We will not be intimidated and we will not stand down. (Applause.) America had hoped that economic liberalization would bring China into a greater partnership with us and with the world. Instead, China has chosen economic aggression, which has in turn emboldened its growing military. Nor, as we had hoped, has Beijing moved toward greater freedom for its own people. For a time, Beijing inched toward greater liberty and respect for human rights. But in recent years, China has taken a sharp U-turn toward control and oppression of its own people. Today, China has built an unparalleled surveillance state, and it’s growing more expansive and intrusive – often with the help of U.S. technology. What they call the “Great Firewall of China” likewise grows higher, drastically restricting the free flow of information to the Chinese people. And by 2020, China’s rulers aim to implement an Orwellian system premised on controlling virtually every facet of human life — the so-called “Social Credit Score.” In the words of that program’s official blueprint, it will “allow the trustworthy to roam everywhere under heaven, while making it hard for the discredited to take a single step.” And when it comes to religious freedom, a new wave of persecution is crashing down on Chinese Christians, Buddhists, and Muslims. Last month, Beijing shut down one of China’s largest underground churches. Across the country, authorities are tearing down crosses, burning bibles, and imprisoning believers. And Beijing has now reached a deal with the Vatican that gives the avowedly atheist Communist Party a direct role in appointing Catholic bishops. For China’s Christians, these are desperate times. Beijing is also cracking down on Buddhism. Over the past decade, more than 150 Tibetan Buddhist monks have lit themselves on fire to protest China’s repression of their beliefs and their culture. And in Xinjiang, the Communist Party has imprisoned as many as one million Muslim Uyghurs in government camps where they endure around-the-clock brainwashing. Survivors of the camps have described their experiences as a deliberate attempt by Beijing to strangle Uyghur culture and stamp out the Muslim faith. As history attests though, a country that oppresses its own people rarely stops there. And Beijing also aims to extend its reach across the wider world. As Hudson’s own Dr. Michael Pillsbury has written, “China has opposed the actions and goals of the U.S. government. Indeed, China is building its own relationships with America’s allies and enemies that contradict any peaceful or productive intentions of Beijing.” In fact, China uses so-called “debt diplomacy” to expand its influence. Today, that country is offering hundreds of billions of dollars in infrastructure loans to governments from Asia to Africa to Europe and even Latin America. Yet the terms of those loans are opaque at best, and the benefits invariably flow overwhelmingly to Beijing. Just ask Sri Lanka, which took on massive debt to let Chinese state companies build a port of questionable commercial value. Two years ago, that country could no longer afford its payments, so Beijing pressured Sri Lanka to deliver the new port directly into Chinese hands. It may soon become a forward military base for China’s growing blue-water navy. Within our own hemisphere, Beijing has extended a lifeline to the corrupt and incompetent Maduro regime in Venezuela that’s been oppressing its own people. They pledged $5 billion in questionable loans to be repaid with oil. China is also that country’s single largest creditor, saddling the Venezuelan people with more than $50 billion in debt, even as their democracy vanishes. Beijing is also impacting some nations’ politics by providing direct support to parties and candidates who promise to accommodate China’s strategic objectives. And since last year alone, the Chinese Communist Party has convinced three Latin American nations to sever ties with Taipei and recognize Beijing. These actions threaten the stability of the Taiwan Strait, and the United States of America condemns these actions. And while our administration will continue to respect our One China Policy, as reflected in the three joint communiqués and the Taiwan Relations Act, America will always believe that Taiwan’s embrace of democracy shows a better path for all the Chinese people. (Applause.) Now these are only a few of the ways that China has sought to advance its strategic interests across the world, with growing intensity and sophistication. Yet previous administrations all but ignored China’s actions. And in many cases, they abetted them. But those days are over. Under President Trump’s leadership, the United States of America has been defending our interests with renewed American strength. We’ve been making the strongest military in the history of the world stronger still. Earlier this year, President Trump signed into law the largest increase in our national defense since the days of Ronald Reagan -– $716 billion to extend the strength of the American military to every domain. We’re modernizing our nuclear arsenal. We’re fielding and developing new cutting-edge fighters and bombers. We’re building a new generation of aircraft carriers and warships. We’re investing as never before in our armed forces. And this includes initiating the process to establish the United States Space Force to ensure our continued dominance in space, and we’ve taken action to authorize increased capability in the cyber world to build deterrence against our adversaries. At President Trump’s direction, we’re also implementing tariffs on $250 billion in Chinese goods, with the highest tariffs specifically targeting the advanced industries that Beijing is trying to capture and control. And as the President has also made clear, we will levy even more tariffs, with the possibility of substantially more than doubling that number, unless a fair and reciprocal deal is made. (Applause.) These actions — exercises in American strength — have had a major impact. China’s largest stock exchange fell by 25 percent in the first nine months of this year, in large part because our administration has been standing strong against Beijing’s trade practices. As President Trump has made clear, we don’t want China’s markets to suffer. In fact, we want them to thrive. But the United States wants Beijing to pursue trade policies that are free, fair, and reciprocal. And we will continue to stand and demand that they do. (Applause.) Sadly, China’s rulers, thus far, have refused to take that path. The American people deserve to know: In response to the strong stand that President Trump has taken, Beijing is pursuing a comprehensive and coordinated campaign to undermine support for the President, our agenda, and our nation’s most cherished ideals. I want to tell you today what we know about China’s actions here at home — some of which we’ve gleaned from intelligence assessments, some of which are publicly available. But all of which are fact. As I said before, as we speak, Beijing is employing a whole-of-government approach to advance its influence and benefit its interests. It’s employing this power in more proactive and coercive ways to interfere in the domestic policies of this country and to interfere in the politics of the United States. The Chinese Communist Party is rewarding or coercing American businesses, movie studios, universities, think tanks, scholars, journalists, and local, state, and federal officials. And worst of all, China has initiated an unprecedented effort to influence American public opinion, the 2018 elections, and the environment leading into the 2020 presidential elections. To put it bluntly, President Trump’s leadership is working; and China wants a different American President. There can be no doubt: China is meddling in America’s democracy. As President Trump said just last week, we have, in his words, “found that China has been attempting to interfere in our upcoming [midterm] election[s].” Our intelligence community says that “China is targeting U.S. state and local governments and officials to exploit any divisions between federal and local levels on policy. It’s using wedge issues, like trade tariffs, to advance Beijing’s political influence.” In June, Beijing itself circulated a sensitive document, entitled “Propaganda and Censorship Notice.” It laid out its strategy. It stated that China must, in their words, “strike accurately and carefully, splitting apart different domestic groups” in the United States of America. To that end, Beijing has mobilized covert actors, front groups, and propaganda outlets to shift Americans’ perception of Chinese policy. As a senior career member of our intelligence community told me just this week, what the Russians are doing pales in comparison to what China is doing across this country. And the American people deserve to know it. Senior Chinese officials have also tried to influence business leaders to encourage them to condemn our trade actions, leveraging their desire to maintain their operations in China. In one recent example, China threatened to deny a business license for a major U.S. corporation if they refused to speak out against our administration’s policies. And when it comes to influencing the midterms, you need only look at Beijing’s tariffs in response to ours. The tariffs imposed by China to date specifically targeted industries and states that would play an important role in the 2018 election. By one estimate, more than 80 percent of U.S. counties targeted by China voted for President Trump and I in 2016; now China wants to turn these voters against our administration. And China is also directly appealing to the American voters. Last week, the Chinese government paid to have a multipage supplement inserted into the Des Moines Register –- the paper of record of the home state of our Ambassador to China, and a pivotal state in 2018 and 2020. The supplement, designed to look like the news articles, cast our trade policies as reckless and harmful to Iowans. Fortunately, Americans aren’t buying it. For example, American farmers are standing with this President and are seeing real results from the strong stands that he’s taken, including this week’s U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, where we’ve substantially opened North American markets to U.S. products. The USMCA is a great win for American farmers and American manufacturers. (Applause.) But China’s actions aren’t focused solely on influencing our policies and politics. Beijing is also taking steps to exploit its economic leverage, and the allure of their large marketplace, to advance its influence over American businesses. Beijing now requires American joint ventures that operate in China to establish what they call “party organizations” within their company, giving the Communist Party a voice –- and perhaps a veto -– in hiring and investment decisions. Chinese authorities have also threatened U.S. companies that depict Taiwan as a distinct geographic entity, or that stray from Chinese policy on Tibet. Beijing compelled Delta Airlines to publicly apologize for not calling Taiwan a “province of China” on its website. And it pressured Marriott to fire a U.S. employee who merely liked a tweet about Tibet. And Beijing routinely demands that Hollywood portray China in a strictly positive light. It punishes studios and producers that don’t. Beijing’s censors are quick to edit or outlaw movies that criticize China, even in minor ways. For the movie, “World War Z,” they had to cut the script’s mention of a virus because it originated in China. The movie, “Red Dawn” was digitally edited to make the villains North Korean, not Chinese. But beyond business and entertainment, the Chinese Communist Party is also spending billions of dollars on propaganda outlets in the United States and, frankly, around the world. China Radio International now broadcasts Beijing-friendly programs on over 30 U.S. outlets, many in major American cities. The China Global Television Network reaches more than 75 million Americans, and it gets its marching orders directly from its Communist Party masters. As China’s top leader put it during a visit to the network’s headquarters, and I quote, “The media run by the Party and the government are propaganda fronts and must have the Party as their surname.” It’s for those reasons and that reality that, last month, the Department of Justice ordered that network to register as a foreign agent. The Communist Party has also threatened and detained the Chinese family members of American journalists who pry too deep. And it’s blocked the websites of U.S. media organizations and made it harder for our journalists to get visas. This happened after the New York Times published investigative reports about the wealth of some of China’s leaders. But the media isn’t the only place where the Chinese Communist Party seeks to foster a culture of censorship. The same is true across academia. I mean, look no further than the Chinese Students and Scholars Association, of which there are more than 150 branches across America’s campuses. These groups help organize social events for some of the more than 430,000 Chinese nationals studying in the United States. They also alert Chinese consulates and embassies when Chinese students, and American schools, stray from the Communist Party line. At the University of Maryland, a Chinese student recently spoke at her graduation of what she called, and I quote, the “fresh air of free speech” in America. The Communist Party’s official newspaper swiftly chastised her. She became the victim of a firestorm of criticism on China’s tightly-controlled social media, and her family back home was harassed. As for the university itself, its exchange program with China — one of the nation’s most extensive — suddenly turned from a flood to a trickle. China exerts academic pressure in other ways, as well. Beijing provides generous funding to universities, think tanks, and scholars, with the understanding that they will avoid ideas that the Communist Party finds dangerous or offensive. China experts in particular know that their visas will be delayed or denied if their research contradicts Beijing’s talking points. And even scholars and groups who avoid Chinese funding are targeted by that country, as the Hudson Institute found out firsthand. After you offered to host a speaker Beijing didn’t like, your website suffered a major cyberattack, originating from Shanghai. The Hudson Institute knows better than most that the Chinese Communist Party is trying to undermine academic freedom and the freedom of speech in America today. These and other actions, taken as a whole, constitute an intensifying effort to shift American public opinion and policy away from the “America First” leadership of President Donald Trump. But our message to China’s rulers is this: This President will not back down. (Applause.) The American people will not be swayed. And we will continue to stand strong for our security and our economy, even as we hope for improved relations with Beijing. Our administration is going to continue to act decisively to protect America’s interests, American jobs, and American security. As we rebuild our military, we will continue to assert American interests across the Indo-Pacific. As we respond to China’s trade practices, we will continue to demand an economic relationship with China that is free, fair, and reciprocal. We will demand that Beijing break down its trade barriers, fulfill its obligations, fully open its economy — just as we have opened ours. We’ll continue to take action against Beijing until the theft of American intellectual property ends once and for all. And we will continue to stand strong until Beijing stops the predatory practice of forced technology transfer. We will protect the private property interests of American enterprise. (Applause.) And to advance our vision of a free and open Indo-Pacific, we’re building new and stronger bonds with nations that share our values across the region, from India to Samoa. Our relationships will flow from a spirit of respect built on partnership, not domination. We’re forging new trade deals on a bilateral basis, just as last week President Trump signed an improved trade deal with South Korea. And we will soon begin historic negotiations for a bilateral free-trade deal with Japan. (Applause.) I’m also pleased to report that we’re streamlining international development and finance programs. We’ll be giving foreign nations a just and transparent alternative to China’s debt-trap diplomacy. In fact, this week, President Trump will sign the BUILD Act into law. Next month, it will be my privilege to represent the United States in Singapore and Papua New Guinea, at ASEAN and APEC. There, we will unveil new measures and programs to support a free and open Indo-Pacific. And on behalf of the President, I will deliver the message that America’s commitment to the Indo-Pacific has never been stronger. (Applause.) Closer to home, to protect our interests, we’ve recently strengthened CFIUS — the Committee on Foreign Investment — heightening our scrutiny of Chinese investment in America to protect our national security from Beijing’s predatory actions. And when it comes to Beijing’s malign influence and interference in American politics and policy, we will continue to expose it, no matter the form it takes. We will work with leaders at every level of society to defend our national interests and most cherished ideals. The American people will play the decisive role — and, in fact, they already are. As we gather here, a new consensus is rising across America. More business leaders are thinking beyond the next quarter, and thinking twice before diving into the Chinese market if it means turning over their intellectual property or abetting Beijing’s oppression. But more must follow suit. For example, Google should immediately end development of the “Dragonfly” app that will strengthen Communist Party censorship and compromise the privacy of Chinese customers. (Applause.) It’s also great to see more journalists reporting the truth without fear or favor, digging deep to find where China is interfering in our society, and why. And we hope that American and global news organizations will continue to join this effort on an increasing basis. More scholars are also speaking out forcefully and defending academic freedom, and more universities and think tanks are mustering the courage to turn away Beijing’s easy money, recognizing that every dollar comes with a corresponding demand. And we’re confident that their ranks will grow. And across the nation, the American people are growing in vigilance, with a newfound appreciation for our administration’s actions and the President’s leadership to reset America’s economic and strategic relationship with China. Americans stand strong behind a President that’s putting America first. And under President Trump’s leadership, I can assure you, America will stay the course. China should know that the American people and their elected officials in both parties are resolved. As our National Security Strategy states: We should remember that “Competition does not always mean hostility,” nor does it have to. The President has made clear, we want a constructive relationship with Beijing where our prosperity and security grow together, not apart. While Beijing has been moving further away from this vision, China’s rulers can still change course and return to the spirit of reform and opening that characterize the beginning of this relationship decades ago. The American people want nothing more; and the Chinese people deserve nothing less. The great Chinese storyteller Lu Xun often lamented that his country, and he wrote, “has either looked down at foreigners as brutes, or up to them as saints,” but never “as equals.” Today, America is reaching out our hand to China. And we hope that soon, Beijing will reach back with deeds, not words, and with renewed respect for America. But be assured: we will not relent until our relationship with China is grounded in fairness, reciprocity, and respect for our sovereignty. (Applause.) There is an ancient Chinese proverb that reads, “Men see only the present, but heaven sees the future.” As we go forward, let us pursue a future of peace and prosperity with resolve and faith. Faith in President Trump’s leadership and vision, and the relationship that he has forged with China’s president. Faith in the enduring friendship between the American people and the Chinese people. And Faith that heaven sees the future — and by God’s grace, America and China will meet that future together. Thank you. God bless you. And God bless the United States of America. (Applause.) END 11:47 A.M. EDT
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何謂『悟後起修』：
『…………….須菩提祖師起初給孫悟空的法號叫『悟空』；然而，當他拜唐三藏為師後，唐三藏又給他起了一個名字叫『行者』-------修行的人。你看！這也和禪宗的教育法『先悟後修』不謀而合，首先，要我們先去『悟』到『空性』，也就是我們的真心本性；其次，就依真心本性去『修行』，去轉化我們的習氣業力。
此外，雖然孫悟空翻一個觔斗，可達十萬八千里，卻也必須跟隨著唐三藏一步一步地往西天取經，其中還必須經過九九八十一難，爾後才能圓滿達成任務；這也表示，我們依性起修，就要在日常生活做人做事當中，慢慢地去轉化我們的習氣業力，當然也會遭遇各種身心上面的苦難。』
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很多人瞧不起小乘法，拼命要般若，拼命讀經，聽道理，結果道理懂了，卻落在「狂慧」，要知沒有小乘的基礎，大乘很難成就。小乘沒基礎，色身也難轉，色身暨難轉，枉費在人道。
或許你要思考何謂『中道』，我認為是ㄓㄨㄥˋ道，『種瓜得瓜，種果得果，不得不種』。一門深入，先轉色身，套句『楞嚴經』所說：『一根既返元，六根成解脫』。
石霜和尚悟了以後，問他老師：『師父！我現在悟了，以後要怎麼辦呢？』，他老師回答他：『百尺竿頭，更進一步！』，你想想看，這根竹竿的高度只有一百尺，而老師卻要他『更進一步』，進到哪裡去呢？當然只有摔下來了！摔到地上，腳踏實地，重新開始了───『一門深入，先轉色身』。
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塵緣與八月桂花香：
范疇說『黨國體制何去何從，乃是2012年中國面臨的一切問題之母。』
吾人若能修正共產黨的『江山觀』，進而能有『產權清晰化』的概念，
那麼再來讀一讀彭斯副總統有關美國政府中國政策講話，就容易讀懂了，
好一個『中國有句古話:“人見目前，天見久遠。”在我們前進的道路上，讓我們以決心和信念追求和平與繁榮的未來。相信特朗普總統的領導力和遠見，以及他與中國國家主席建立起的關係。相信美國人民和中國人民之間的持久友誼。相信上天能看到未來——在上帝的恩典下，美國和中國將共同迎接未來。』
好一個『悟後起修』，
好一個『我們依性起修，就要在日常生活做人做事當中，慢慢地去轉化我們的習氣業力，當然也會遭遇各種身心上面的苦難。』
好一個『『百尺竿頭，更進一步！』』！！！
好一個『摔到地上，腳踏實地，重新開始』！！！
那麼， 既然要重新起修，要從哪裡做一個切入點呢？
吾人須思考俄羅斯能扮演何種角色？
怎麼說呢？
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