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| 2005/08/11 08:52:39瀏覽572｜回應2｜推薦4 | |
人家是這樣鼓勵、塑造小孩的 瑄瑄年齡尚小即知上進，已開始練習英文作文，真的相當難能可貴。瑄瑄在她網誌上，發表了她寫的 The white dog，我給了她幾個建議。 真羨慕瑄瑄有個好爸爸---小川。 我們的社會需要像小川這樣的好爸爸。 謹以此文 祝瑄瑄的爸爸小川，以及在這個所有網誌上，為人父的爸爸們： 父親節快樂。 A] The people came home and saw many things lost. (瑄瑄的原句) The people 出現第一次後，為避免重複，宜逕以代名詞 they 代替。 They came home and saw many things lost. B] 第一個例子： They came home and saw many things lost. (看見) 用 found 會比 saw 語意強： They came home and found many things lost. (發現) 甚至用 faced 又比 found 更有戲劇張力效果： They came home and faced many things lost. (面對著) 其實這類表連續動作的描述，道地的英文說法是： They came home facing many things lost. 因為要表示緊湊，故主詞、連接詞都一併略去，第二個動詞後面加 ing， 以現在分詞形式呈現： 即 S1 + V2 + … + conj. + S1 + V2 … 會寫成 S1 + V2 + … + Ving … 第二個例子： One thief went into their house and took away many things. (瑄瑄的原句) 這個句子我們做 3處更動，試比較： (1) A thief went into their house and took away many things. (2)用闖空門 (單數 break-in/複數 breaks-in) 的 break來替代 went， 以便與後面的東西失竊，前後呼應，如此會更一氣呵成。 A thief broke into their house and took away many things. (3)將主詞、連接詞都略去來呈現緊湊感，這種連續不中斷的感覺，透過口 語，直接以英文說出，尤其能明顯感受到；而且中間通知都不換氣，採直接一口氣講完。同時，這種寫法在報紙或文學作品裡，都相當常見。 A thief broke into their house taking away many items with them. (介紹一個新字，item 來替代 thing.) C] *連接詞可以把兩個小句子(子句)，串聯成一個大句子。 當我們要表示兩個互相獨立的 ideas時，就用對等連接詞，如 and、but They came home and saw many things lost. ---A (瑄瑄的原句) They came home but saw many things lost. ---B (回到家他們卻發現失竊了多東西) 換句話說，只是單純陳述眼睛所見到的事實表達。但是若挑選 but 字眼，則寓涵這兩件事之間的關係出乎作者預料。
因此，就英文修詞學語意角度，B句的氣氛效果，會比 A句強甚多。 * 當我們要表示一個是主要 idea，另一個是次要 idea 時，就用從屬連接詞如 when, after, because, as soon as.使用不同的從屬連接詞，就一定指陳兩件事之間有關係 (如存在時間相連或因為所以關係）；因此，能使文意氣氛頓然生動活潑起來。 When they came home, they saw many items lost. (當) After they came home, they saw many items lost. (之後) 很明顯用了 after，事件發生時間先後順序，會比用 when 強烈清楚。
如果還覺得氣氛張力不足，還可以：As soon as they came home, they saw many items lost. (一踏入家門他們立即發現失竊) 如果依然還是覺得氣氛張力仍不足，仍可用 It is...that來表示： It is the moment they came home that they saw many items lost. (是踏入家門的霎那間他們才發現失竊) 其實 It is ...that 可以分別來強調主詞、受詞、修飾詞等： I went to see Mary with Tom by taxi last night. It is I that went to see Mary with Tom by taxi last night. (我 是昨晚與 Tom 搭計程車去看 Mary 的人) It is Mary that I went to see with Tom by taxi last night. (Mary 是我與 Tom 昨晚搭計程車去看 的人) It is Tom that I went to see Mary with by taxi last night. (Tom 是與我昨晚搭計程車去看 Mary 的人) It is by taxi that I went to see Mary with Tom last night. (計程車 是昨晚我與 Tom 去看 Mary 的交通工具) It is last night that I went to see Mary with Tom by taxi. (昨晚 是我與 Tom 搭計程車去看 Mary 的時間). |
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| ( 心情隨筆｜家庭親子 ) |
