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A Journey Through Time and Fashion
穿越時間與時尚(上) 空中英語教室 20241216
修正英文文法，保留中文部分，同時將簡體中文修改為繁體中文
Hello friends, and welcome to Studio Classroom!
Were so glad youve joined us for our program today.
My name is Ann Marie,
and my name is John.
Friends, today is a great day to learn something new.
It certainly is, so let’s do that together.
We have a "Talk About It" question to start our lesson off today, friends. Here it is:
Do you feel that high heels today are a symbol of social status?
Wow, okay.
Social status is your place in society.
We talk about high status and low status.
I think we’ll learn more about the history of how high heels did mean a change in social status,
but these days, I don’t really think high heels necessarily mean you have a higher social status. How about you?
I think it could mean that you have a higher social status,
or that you’re perceived as having a higher social status.
Because generally, people wear high heels when they want to dress up, and a lot of times,
when you’re dressed up, people automatically assume that you are higher in society,
or you have a very successful job.
So it could be, but like you, I think we need to read a little bit more about this topic before we make a decision about this.
And yes, as you guessed, friends, we are talking all about high heels in a lesson called A Journey Through Time and Fashion.
Let’s get into our first reading for the day.
A Journey Through Time and the Story Behind High Heels
While high heels are considered women’s wear today,
they started out as footwear for men.
Their history dates back to around 3500 BC in Egypt.
Butchers wore high heels to keep their feet out of the animal blood on the floor.
Additionally, the upper class wore them for special celebrations.
Hi everyone, welcome to Language Lab.
I’m Jack.
首先來看 "butcher" 這個名詞，意思是肉販或者肉商。
例如:
"The local butcher is known for providing the freshest cuts of meat in town."
（當地的肉商以提供鎮上最新鮮的肉而出名。）
另外，"Butcher shop" 就是指肉店，
譬如:
"James bought the meat for his dinner party at the butcher shop on Main Street."
（James在主街的肉鋪買了晚宴用的肉。）
"butcher" 也可以當動詞，意思是宰殺。
譬如:
"Hudson decided to butcher the deer himself after the successful hunting trip."
（Hudson在打獵成功後，決定親自宰殺那頭鹿。）
Thank you so much, Jack!
Friends, are you ready to take a journey through time and fashion?
We are learning all about the story behind high heels.
Let’s talk about this for a minute before we get into our article.
The story behind something means the story that explains how something came to be,
or the reason why something is what it is.
So for example, you could say, "What’s the story behind how you two met?"
If there’s a couple that’s together, maybe you want to know the story of how they met.
That’s right.
Sometimes we use another word: "someone’s backstory."
Sometimes movies are about the backstory of a superhero, right?
But that is the story behind where they are right now.
And today, we’re learning about the story behind high heels.
We mentioned them in a lesson a few days ago,
but now we’re going to talk about how high heels aren’t just for women.
Right, we read:
"While high heels are considered women’s wear today,
they started out as footwear for who? For men!"
I didn’t even know there was a backstory to high heels!
Don’t worry, friends, we’re going to talk all about it today.
So we see here:
High heels now are considered women’s wear,
but they started out as footwear for men.
So that means "to start out" as to begin in a particular way.
That’s right! You could say, "A chicken starts out as an egg."
It begins that way.
So they started out as footwear for men.
Interesting! But who? Well, we read:
"Their history dates back to around 3500 BC in Egypt,"
a country with a very old history.
And butchers wore high heels to keep their feet out of the animal blood on the floor.
Gross!
Yeah, that is pretty gross.
And as we learn about in the Language Lab, friends,
a butcher is someone who actually does the killing of an animal,
and usually slices it up to sell to people for food.
I was just telling John, when I lived in a different city,
we lived near a butcher,
and while it was nice to get fresh meat from that butcher,
while I was pregnant, the smell bothered me a lot.
I believe it!
You know, as a little kid, when I actually lived in Northeast Africa,
kind of close to Egypt, in the country that’s now called Eritrea,
and there were butcher shops everywhere,
but I never saw anybody wearing high heels.
That’s pretty interesting.
Yeah, and it’s kind of interesting here that the reason high heels were worn
was to keep the butcher’s feet out of the animal blood on the floor.
The more I think about this, the more it makes sense.
Yeah, absolutely!
And I think a lot of cultures and countries have historical shoes that are platform shoes.
Sometimes farmers wear platform shoes to keep their feet out of the mud,
or to stay safe in some way.
But we read something a little different about high heels.
Additionally, the upper class wore them for special celebrations.
So "additionally" means what, Emory?
"Additionally" means that there is an extra factor or an extra circumstance.
So usually, this is in addition to what has already been said.
So we just learned this fact about butchers wearing them,
now we’re learning another fact:
"Additionally, the upper class wore them for special occasions."
Okay, we talked about high status and low social status,
but the word "class" can mean social status, right?
So we say "upper class" and "lower class" when we’re describing society.
Sometimes in our modern society, we don’t always use the words "upper" and "lower class,"
but historically, it’s been very, very different,
and sometimes difficult to move classes.
Yes, definitely!
And I would say that the term that is used a lot still to this day in the United States
is the term "middle class."
So this is the idea of the average, everyday person,
and usually, you’re using this term to talk about how people are doing financially,
or what they can afford.
Okay, friends, well, we have more to learn about high heels,
so let’s get on with our next reading.
A Journey Through Time and Fashion
The 10th century saw high heels appear as cowboy boots for troops on horseback in the Middle East.
The heels helped riders stay stable by securing their feet in their stirrups when they were riding.
In the 15th century, high platform shoes, choppines, were worn by both sexes.
Designed to protect people’s clothing from dirty, muddy streets,
these shoes could be as high as 50 cm.
A symbol of a person’s social status,
the higher the chappine, the higher the status of the wearer.
In fact, servants needed to help them walk.
接下來來看 "troop" 這個名詞，意思是部隊或軍隊。
譬如:
"The troops marched in perfect lines down the main street of the town."
（部隊以整齊的隊伍沿著鎮上的主要街道行進。）
片語 "a troop of" 是指一群或許多，
例如:
"A troop of volunteers gathered to clean up the local park."
（一群志願者聚在一起清理當地的公園。）
"Troop" 也可以當作動詞，意思是成群結隊，
譬如:
"Every morning, students troop into the cafeteria for breakfast before classes begin."
（每天早上，學生們在上課前成群結隊地進入餐廳吃早餐。）
再來看 "stable" 這個形容詞，意思是穩定的。
例如:
"Phils job provides a stable income, which allows him to support his family comfortably."
（Phil的工作為他提供穩定的收入，使他能夠安心養家。）
"Stable" 也可以當名詞，意思是馬廄。
譬如:
"The horse was safely returned to its stable after the long ride through the countryside."
（這匹馬在鄉間長途跋涉後安全地回到了馬廄。）
它的動詞是 "stabilize"，意思是使穩定。
譬如:
"Engineers are trying to stabilize the old bridge to keep it from collapsing during storms."
（工程師們正在努力穩固這座舊橋，以防止它在暴風雨中倒塌。）
Okay, friends, well, we read on in our article here:
"The 10th century saw high heels appear as cowboy boots for troops on horseback in the Middle East."
Okay, so we see this phrase "to appear as something,"
and it kind of means here that they’re showing up in this way,
or it looked more like this in this situation.
So cowboy boots aren’t exactly high heels,
but that is how heels were worn during this time period in this specific location in the world.
That’s right, and they were used by troops.
That’s a word that means soldiers during this time period.
This is 900 AD.
You have a lot of archers on horses, right?
So being able to steer the horse with your heel in the stirrup is very important.
And that’s what we read here:
"The heels helped riders stay stable by securing their feet in the stirrups when they were riding."
Okay, first of all, stirrups are devices used to ride and steer a horse that hold your feet.
You can probably picture this from a movie.
There’s also this word "stable" that’s very important.
Yeah, that’s right! If something is stable,
it means that it’s not likely to fall or move.
So you can think of this as, for example, a table where all four of those legs are equally on the ground.
And as John said,
Yes, a stirrup is a way to ride a horse. It’s where you put your foot.
So usually when you’re getting on the horse,
you put one foot in the stirrup,
and then you lift your body up onto the horse by
pushing down on the stirrup. That’s right.
So this was really important.
These troops or these soldiers could leave the control of the horse to their feet.
They put their feet in the stirrups,
and then they were stable,
so they could shoot arrows from the backs of their horses.
And this helped several armies from the East conquer large portions of the West.
It was a really dangerous time in history, the 10th century.
We read that high heels weren’t just worn in the 10th century,
were they?
No, they weren’t. They were also worn in the 15th century.
These were high platform shoes,
and they had a special name: "topines."
They were worn by both sexes,
so both men and women wore them,
designed to protect people’s clothing from dirty, muddy streets.
These shoes could be as high as 50 centimeters.
We have an interesting sentence pattern to talk about here,
friends: "to be as something as." That’s right.
You’re comparing two things,
specifically comparing one new thing to something
that people already know about,
or to a measurement.
So you could say, "The water gets as deep as three feet,"
or something like that.
"My cat is as big as some people’s dogs," is a really big cat.
But we read on here, "A symbol of a person’s social status."
The higher the topin,
the higher the status of the wearer. Very interesting. So here,
you could say that
the height of the high heels determined the social status.
Or if you had a high social status,
maybe you could afford a higher heel.
That’s right. And in fact,
we read that servants needed to help them walk.
Can you imagine your shoes being so tall that it’s hard to walk?
Well, I can. I know when my wife dresses up for
a wedding, for example,
sometimes wearing those high heels
isn’t always easy to walk in. How about for you?
I don’t wear high heels very much anymore,
but I used to wear them all the time,
and I got used to walking in them because I wore them for work.
But when I first got that job that required me to wear heels, oh,
it took me several weeks to get used to it.
But we do see this phrase "in fact" here,
and that means it’s used to show the truth of something,
but it’s kind of in opposition to what was already said
or already thought about. That’s right. Well,
there’s a lot more to learn about high heels. In fact,
it’s time to go to our Info Cloud.
Hello everyone, welcome to Info Cloud.
Garrett, did you see
what Marcus wore to the company party last weekend?
Yes, I did. He wore a purple suit.
Everyone paid attention to him all night.
He really made a fashion statement.
Did you talk to him? What did he say about fashion?
Oh no,
when you make a fashion statement,
you don’t actually say anything out loud.
It’s a phrase about what you wear, and Marcus wore
something really unique. Is that what the phrase is about?
Basically, yes.
When you make a fashion statement,
you leave a lasting impression with the clothes that you wear.
It’s hard for people to ignore, like Marcus’s purple suit.
It stood out, and he looked
good in it. Garrett, how can someone make a fashion statement?
You can wear a bright color,
a shirt with a unique pattern,
or maybe some interesting accessories like a hat or a bracelet.
I’ll have to make a statement at the next party.
Good idea. It’s not for everyone,
but it can be a fun way to show off your personality.
make a fashion statement
現在很多cosplay的朋友
走在路上都會吸引眾人的目光
今天要跟大家分享的用語是
make a fashion statement，
也就是發表時尚宣言，
意思就是用很特別的打扮
甚至奇裝異服來吸引注意力
或是表達自己。
Marcus made a fashion statement by wearing his purple suit.
Marcus穿的那套紫色西裝吸引很多的目光，讓人很難不注意他。
人們可以make a fashion statement來展示自己獨特的個性。
這就是今天的Infocloud，我們下次雲端見。
A journey through time and fashion, King Louis the 14th of France
popularized high heels with red bottoms among the upper classes
during his reign in the 17th century.
This short king was known to wear up to 12 cm high heels
as a symbol of his authority.
最後來看reign這個名詞，
意思是統治，
譬如: during her reign, the Queen
introduced many reforms that helped the Kingdom.
女王在位期間
推行了許多有利於王國的改革。
或是: The reign of the new king was marked by peace
and economic growth throughout the land.
新國王在位期間，全國呈現
一片祥和，
經濟蓬勃發展。
Rain也可以當動詞，
意思是統治或是管理，
譬如: Despite numerous challenges,
Maggie managed to reign over the company
with a steady hand and clear vision.
儘管面臨諸多挑戰，
Maggie還是憑藉著穩健的手腕
和清晰的視野
成功地經營了公司。
Okay, friends,
it’s time to continue learning with a bit of history here.
Who are we talking about next, John?
We’re talking about the very famous King Louis, King Louis
the 14th of France,
who was known for being a really fancy, stylish guy,
sometimes in a way that hurt his country.
He popularized high heels with red bottoms
among the upper classes during his reign in the 17th century.
Okay, so we have this king with high heels.
We do. He is the one who popularized a certain type of high heel.
We’ll talk about that in a moment,
but first,
let’s talk about this word "to popularize" something. What does
that mean, John?
Well,
as you can guess, it means to make something popular. Sometimes
you can popularize something by introducing it to a society,
and people start to know about it.
But if you popularize it,
you’re kind of the first person to do something, right?
Definitely. There are certain artists these days
who popularized certain types of music.
Maybe that type of music wasn’t popular before,
but once they started producing that kind of music,
it became popular. It was popularized by them. Now you
saw that word "reign" in the language lab,
friends,
and just to review, this is a period of time that a ruler holds
a royal office. That’s right.
It can also be a verb; you’re reigning during a certain time.
You could say,
"The king was reigning during the 300 years of his reign."
We also learn a little bit about his height, right?
Why did Louis XIV wear heels? Well,
we read this short king was known to wear up to 12 cm
high heels as a symbol of his authority.
And I just have to make the comment that sometimes
in kind of modern Gen Z English, if someone is short,
you describe them
as a "short king" as kind of a way of encouraging them.
That’s sort of for you teenagers out there.
Yeah,
it’s kind of like saying a guy is cool and maybe good-looking,
even though he’s short. It’s okay because he’s a short king, yeah.
All you short kings out there,
加油！
Okay, so we see something else in this
sentence that we need to look at,
and that is the phrase "known to." What does it mean
if someone has been known to do something? Well, again,
it means people just know that he does that.
Sometimes you can use the word "reportedly,"
you know, this is his reputation. He’s known for that in history,
and he’s known to wear really, really high heels.
That’s right. Here’s an example of how
you can use the phrase "known to" in a sentence:
"He’s been known to forget about his homework assignments."
Now we have one more word that we want to look at in this section,
friends, and that is
the word "authority." That is the power or right to give orders,
make decisions, or enforce obedience. Alright, friends,
we have more to learn in just a minute. For right now,
let’s go to today’s fun fact.
Hello, fact friends,
I am Detective Ernest Finder, and I have a fun fact for you today.
Did you know that stirrups were used for riding horses?
But the word "stable" can be used for horses. That’s right.
"Stable," as we learned, means strong,
but as a noun,
it means a barn for horses.
I’m going to put my horse in the stable right now.
Come on, Bobby.
Ha ha!
This has been a really interesting lesson, friends.
I have a question for you.
John, what did you learn from today’s lesson?
Did anything surprise you?
I feel like I learned a lot.
I learned that butchers in ancient Egypt wore high heels
so they wouldn’t step in blood, and I learned about a short king,
Louis XIV, who wore red-bottomed heels. Weird,
super interesting.
I think the most surprising thing for me about this article
was to find that high heels
were invented for practical purposes,
because nowadays when people wear high heels,
they aren’t seen as a very practical shoe.
Yeah, maybe if you go to America
and you go to a ranch, you might wear cowboy
boots, girls or guys,
and that will help you put your feet in the stirrups
and be stable while you ride. Well, friends,
there’s a lot more to learn here on Studio Classroom.
There sure is.
So
make sure that you join us tomorrow for the rest of our article.
We’ll see you then, right here on Studio Classroom.
A Journey Through Time and Fashion 穿越時間與時尚(下) 空中英語教室 20241217
修正英文文法，保留中文部分，同時將簡體中文修改為繁體中文
Here is your text with corrected English grammar and the simplified Chinese changed to traditional Chinese, while keeping the Chinese portions intact:
Hello friends and welcome to Studio Classroom! We’re so glad you’ve joined us for our lesson today. My name is Ann Marie,
and my name is John. Friends, today is a great day to learn something new, so lets do that together!
We are talking all about high heels in an article called Journey Through Time and Fashion. Now, today is the second part of this lesson. What did we learn yesterday, John?
Well, we learned that the story behind high heels goes way back, all the way back to 3500 BC in Egypt, and butchers would wear high heels to keep their feet from stepping in the blood of the animals. Gross! Yeah, super gross. We also learned that high heels were originally designed to be worn by men. Super interesting!
And someone very interesting made high heels popular, didn’t he?
Yes, his name was Louis the 14th. He was the short king of France in the 17th century. But how did women start wearing high heels? I guess it’s time to find out today.
Let’s do that with our first reading:
A Journey Through Time and Fashion
The French Revolution in the late 18th century brought a significant change in fashion. People rejected high heels as they were symbols of the hated aristocracy. The fall in the popularity of high heels saw them replaced by simpler, more practical footwear.
Hi everyone, welcome to Language Lab. I’m Jack. 我們首先來看名詞 revolution，意思是革命，通常是指改變政治體制的革命。例如:
Many countries experienced social and political changes during the revolution resulting in widespread change.
許多國家在革命期間經歷了社會和政治上的變革，導致了廣泛的改變。
Revolution 也指某方面產生革命性的巨變，例如:
The revolution in technology has changed how we communicate and access information.
科技的變革改變了我們交流和獲取資訊的方式。
如果在 revolution 的字尾加上 ize 就變成動詞，是 revolutionize，意思是使發生改革命性的改變。例如:
The invention of the Internet has revolutionized how we connect, share information, and conduct business worldwide.
網際網路的發明徹底改變了我們彼此連結、信息共享和在全球拓展業務的方式。
Okay, thank you so much, Jack! Let’s get right into our article here, friends. We read about the reason fashion was dramatically changed here. What was that reason, John?
Well, an event called the French Revolution swept through France, and we read that the French Revolution in the late 18th century brought a significant change in fashion. People rejected high heels. First of all, a revolution is when there is a change of government, normally by violence. You could have a revolution in areas that aren’t political too; you could have a revolution in fashion, for example.
Yeah, exactly! So when something is revolutionized, it means that it is dramatically changed. Here’s an example:
The pandemic brought a revolution to the workforce and to work culture. The way that most companies operate since the pandemic has been revolutionized because the world is different now.
Okay, but the French Revolution, which was an actual war, brought a significant change in fashion. And what was this change?
Well, we read on here that sadly, people rejected high heels. It’s no fun to be rejected, as they were symbols of the hated aristocracy.
Okay, who are the aristocracy, and why are they hated?
Well, the aristocracy is the highest class in certain societies. These are usually people who are born noble, and then they pass those titles down to their descendants. So we’re not talking about a democracy type of situation where people are choosing who’s in charge. It’s just people who are born to be noble, and they’re part of the aristocracy.
I see, they were wearing these fancy high heels, weren’t they? And they were hated, so during the revolution, people rejected this kind of fashion. We also read that the fall in the popularity of high heels saw them be replaced by what? Simpler, more practical footwear.
Honestly, John, this is the same reason I started to reject high heels as well.
You hated the aristocracy?
No, I thought they weren’t very practical. I wore them a lot when I was younger, and they looked great, but the older I get, the more I feel that practical footwear is the way to go.
I agree.
The word practical means simple and useful for everyday life. We don’t always need to be high up in the sky when we walk around, do we? So Ann Marie, do you prefer practical footwear?
I really do prefer practical footwear. You know, friends, this word practical is useful in a lot of different situations as well. For example, if you’re applying to a job, you could tell that company that you have a lot of practical skills. Now, this doesn’t necessarily mean that you have a degree or a special talent. If you have practical skills, it means you get along well with others. It means that you know how to use basic computer programs, because those things are very practical.
That’s right! There’s an expression in English you should know: to put something into practice. That means to take something you know and actually do it to make it practical. You could say,
I hope to put my English into practice when I travel.
Well friends, there’s a lot more to learn and to practice, but let’s read about high heels together.
A Journey Through Time and Fashion
Thanks partly to industrial advances and changing fashion trends, interest in high heels began again in the 19th century. Heels became more available due to mass production, and new styles emerged. Designs began to vary, meeting the growing demand for fashionable footwear.
The 20th century marked a period of significant innovation in high heel design. The stiletto heel, named after a slender Italian knife, transformed women’s footwear and became a must-have in every woman’s wardrobe.
接下來看 industrial 這個形容詞，意思是工業的，譬如:
Solution from industrial activities remains a major environmental concern in many urban areas.
工業活動造成的污染仍然是許多城市地區的一個主要環境問題。
或是:
The industrial revolution marked a significant turning point in history and changed the way goods were produced.
工業革命是歷史上的一個重要轉折點，它改變了商品的生產方式。
或是:
Many cities have industrial areas where factories and warehouses are located.
許多城市都有工業區，工廠和倉庫都設在那裡。
我們再來看動詞 vary，意思是改變或使不同，來看例句:
The weather can vary greatly from one day to the next, making it difficult to plan outdoor activities.
每天的天氣變化很大，很難計劃戶外活動。
或者:
Paula’s interests vary widely, including everything from classical music to sports.
Paula的興趣廣泛，從古典音樂到運動無所不包。
或者:
The baking time for a turkey varies depending on the size of the bird.
火雞的烘烤時間是按照火雞的大小而有所不同。
Alright friends, let’s continue on with our lesson. We read here that thanks to industrial advances and changing fashion trends, interest in high heels began again in the 19th century. Now we just saw that word industrial in the Language Lab. Let’s talk a little bit more about that, okay?
Maybe you know the word manufacturing, to make things. Well, industrial means related to industry or manufacturing. So if you think about factories, they are very industrial.
That’s right! Here’s another example:
There are many industrial uses for plastic.
Okay, but we’re learning here about high heels. They’re starting to be popular again here in the 19th century. Heels became more available due to mass production. Here is a great term for you to know, friends: mass production is the manufacturing of large quantities of goods in factories.
Now, a lot of times we use this term mass production to contrast something that’s made by hand or made in small quantities.
That’s right! You could say, Before, my factory made everything by hand, but now we use mass production to keep up with the demand from customers.
Mass production here for heels made it possible to buy heels for cheap. You didn’t have to be part of the hated aristocracy, right?
That’s right! And that’s the idea here is that high heels moved into this area where anyone could wear them. They were much more affordable. And we see here that designs began to vary. Now, what does it mean if something varies? Normally, vary means to change or to go back and forth, but when you say designs vary, it means there are many different kinds or variations sometimes.
We also use the word variance to mean different versions of the same thing. They vary. Here’s an example of how you could use vary in a sentence: What I eat for breakfast can vary depending on how much time I have.
So in this example, what I’m saying is that every day I might eat something different. It all depends on how much time I have. But we see here that there is a growing demand for fashionable footwear, and the 20th century marked a period of significant innovation in high heel design. Let’s just talk about what that sentence means here for a minute, John.
This sentence pattern, the time period marked a blank, is really helpful. You could say, The first century marked a period of change in society. So, marking a period just means it’s creating a boundary for some kind of historical movement or event. And we get from this period one of the most famous high heels: the stiletto heel.
Yes, the stiletto heel. This is a heel with a very, very high heel. It’s very thin and it tapers down, so it starts bigger at the top and then comes down to a point. Stiletto heels are famous for being extremely hard to walk in.
That’s right. The stiletto is named after a slender Italian knife. I believe it was used for poking people between the parts of your armor. Yikes!
But the stiletto heel transformed women’s footwear and became a must-have in every woman’s wardrobe. Okay, we’ve got some great phrases there. First, a must-have means something that is necessary, right?
That’s right! So for example, A good organization system is a must-have if you want to keep your house tidy.
Alright, friends, we are going to find out how our article concludes in just a moment, right after today’s InfoCloud.
InfoCloud
Hello friends, welcome to InfoCloud! Hey, Garrett, our coworker Steve always turns heads wherever he goes. It’s so interesting to watch people’s reactions when they see him. Well, he’s over six feet tall, has a handsome face, and talks in a very gentle way. People just love him.
I don’t turn heads like him, but you need to explain what that means. When a person "turns heads," it means there is something about them that attracts people’s attention, usually in a good way.
So it’s like when a beautiful girl walks down the street, people turn their heads to look at her more. A person can turn heads by being beautiful, famous, interesting, or unusual. For example, a person can turn heads because of the special costume they are wearing for an event, or they could be someone that just made the news for their accomplishments. If the mayor walks down the street, he or she may turn the heads of the people they walk by.
Well, friends, we hope one day you will be the one turning heads because of your accomplishments!
turn heads 引人側目 當一位美女走在街上，很多人會注意到她的美貌，忍不住轉頭多看幾眼。你可以用turn heads轉頭來表達一個人吸引了很多目光。
例子：The award-winning singer turns heads wherever he goes.
那位得獎的歌手走到哪裡都很引人注目。
一個人有可能因為外貌、名聲、成就或特徵吸引旁人的注意，你就可以用turn heads來形容他。
這就是今天的 InfoCloud，我們下次雲端見。
A Journey Through Time and Fashion Today, high heels are a part of global fashion, with designers constantly pushing the boundaries of creativity and style. From luxury brands like Christian Louboutin and Jimmy Choo to designers who experiment with unusual materials and shapes, high heels continue to evolve throughout history.
High heels have had an enduring appeal and cultural significance. Who knows where they will take us next?
接著來看名詞 creativity，意思是創意或創造力。
例如：You can see Avery’s creativity in every art project she completes as she makes each one unique.
你可以在 Avery 完成的每件藝術品中看到她的創意，因為她使每個作品都很獨特。
或是：Encouraging creativity in the workplace can lead to increased productivity and job satisfaction.
在職場鼓勵創造力可以提高生產力和工作滿意度。
或者是：Schools should encourage creativity in students by providing different opportunities for self-expression and critical thinking.
學校應該通過提供不同的自我表達和批判性思考的機會來鼓勵學生發揮創造力。
Alright, where are high heels today? Well, we read here today that high heels are part of global fashion, with designers constantly pushing the boundaries of creativity and style. Now, pushing the boundaries is a great phrase for you to know, friends.
This means that something or someone is acting in a way that goes beyond what is expected or established. So if high heel designs are pushing boundaries, it means that there are new designs coming out that people don’t expect, and it’s something that no one has seen before.
Yes, pushing the boundaries is a great phrase to know. You could say, Submarines are pushing the boundaries of ocean exploration, couldn’t you?
There’s also this phrase here, creativity, that I bet you know already. But just to review, creativity means thinking of new ideas or inventing new things. Hopefully, you are full of creativity. Creativity is super important if you are an artist and you are making art. You need to be constantly thinking of new ideas.
Alright, well, we learned about a few luxury brands here in this next sentence, didn’t we, John?
That’s right! Let’s see if I can pronounce them: Christian Louboutin and Jimmy Choo, right? These are designers who experiment with unusual materials and shapes. High heels continue to evolve.
Okay, so the word evolve generally means change over time, right?
Yeah, so this means to develop gradually. So maybe, friends, you have an idea and you had the idea a long time ago, but the idea has continued to evolve. That means the idea you have now doesn’t look the same as the idea you had in the past. It’s evolved over time.
I’ve got a question, Emory, okay? You’re a girl, you said you sometimes wear high heels but not that often, right?
Not anymore.
Okay, so in the time you’ve been wearing high heels, have you seen high heels evolve at all?
This is such a great question! Yes, absolutely. When I was wearing high heels in college, back in... well, a while ago, the style for high heels was kind of like a platform at the front of the heel and then a skinny heel at the back. But when I was wearing heels maybe about five years ago, pointy-toed high heels were more in fashion. So even just the shape of the heel has changed or evolved over time.
Interesting! With the front of the high heel pointy and the back of the high heel pointy... Ouch! Be careful not to step on anybody!
Well, friends, throughout history, we read that high heels have had an enduring appeal and cultural significance. Who knows where they will take us next?
That phrase, enduring, means lasting or remaining over a long time. It’s a word you should know.
That’s right. And the word enduring is useful in a lot of different situations. I often think of this word when I think of memories or experiences. Here’s an example:
He has many enduring memories from the time he spent with his grandparents.
So the idea here is that he spent a lot of time with his grandparents, and the memories he has aren’t going anywhere. They are enduring.
That’s right. Of course, this, like a lot of words, can also be a verb—to endure.
I was enduring a lot of stress during college, or the noun endurance, the amount of being able to endure something that you have.
How is your endurance when it comes to running?
Well, friends, there are always a lot of fun words to learn with these history and fashion lessons. And like the article says, Who knows where they will take us next? What do you think?
Well, I think the place we need to go next is to today’s fun fact.
Fun Fact
Hello, fact friends! I’m detective Ernest Finder, and I have a fun fact about shoes for you today. Did you know that shoes are an enduring part of everyone’s wardrobe? Designs for shoes vary, but every shoe has some kind of heel. Barefoot would be a low heel, or wearing socks... I’m not wearing any heels right now, and that is today’s fun heel fact.
Okay, friends, as we finish up this article all about high heels, we have a fashion-related question for you:
What is a must-have in your wardrobe?
Oh wow, well, when I’m in a place that’s really warm, kind of like here in the summer, one must-have is a short-sleeve shirt. It’s definitely a must-have. How about for you, Emory?
For me, the must-have piece that I always make sure I have in my wardrobe is a pair of good-fitting black dress pants. Because black dress pants you can wear in a lot of different situations. So as long as you have that, you can build all kinds of different outfits.
There you go! Black dress pants—maybe for you ladies, with some stilettos! Be careful out there if you’re trying high heels.
Friends, it’s been fun talking with you about this amazing history.
It sure has, and we have a brand new lesson for you next time, friends, so make sure you come back and join us.
We’ll be right here, waiting for you, right here on Studio Classroom!
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