Election (選舉/競選) 

廖 柏 森

《新聞英文搭配詞：學會collocation，擺脫中式英文》:

https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010798357 

各國的選舉制度electoral system不同，因此選舉的詞彙也有或多或少的差異。例如在台灣的總統選舉presidential election是由每位民眾投票的直接選舉direct election，但在美國還分為政黨初選primary election和大選 general election。也就是由民主黨the Democratic Party和共和黨the Republican Party (或稱the Grand Old Party, GOP)兩個政黨先進行初選，並於全國黨大會national party convention上確定參加大選的總統候選人presidential candidate。而且美國有選舉人團electoral college制度，一般民眾並不能直接選舉總統，他們只能在各州選出承諾會支持某候選人的選舉人候選人elector candidate，再由當選的選舉人elector投票給總統候選人。另外，選民必須事先主動登記過後registered 才能投票。

l   動詞 + election

例句:

Mr. Chen urged voters not to boycott the election.

陳先生力勸選民不要抵制選舉。

Mr. Lee lost the election and then retired from politics.

李先生競選失利並退出政壇。

The candidate ran for election after her husband died in a political assassination.

她因丈夫死於政治暗殺，便毅然投入競選成為候選人。

He accused the ruling party of rigging the elections.

他指控執政黨選舉舞弊。

l   形容詞 + election

例句:

The interim government promised free elections under the new Constitution.

此過渡政府承諾將依據新憲法舉行自由選舉。

The KMT’s seats saw a significant drop in comparison to the number in the previous legislative election.

國民黨的席次與前次立法委員選舉相較顯然減少許多。

They knew they had little chance of winning the presidential election.

他們了解要贏得總統大選的機會渺茫。

Tens of thousands of middle-class urbanites gathered Saturday to vent their anger over tainted elections.

成千上萬的中產階級都會居民在週六集結，渲洩他們對於腐敗選舉的怒氣。

l   election + 名詞

例句:

There was no immediate reaction from Beijing on the election results.

北京對於此選舉結果尚未有立即的回應。

The opposition party challenged his election victory last year.

反對黨不服他去年的勝選。

相關詞彙搭配:

a hotly contested election: 競爭激烈的選舉

a landslide election victory: 壓倒性勝選

campaign headquarter: 競選總部

campaign rally: 選舉造勢集會

campaign speech: 競選演說

campaign strategy/ tactic: 競選策略

Civil Servants Election and Recall Act: 公職人員選舉罷免法

election, recall, initiative and referendum: 選舉、罷免、創制和複決

presidential campaign: 總統競選活動

presidential candidate: 總統候選人

presidential debate: 總統競選辯論

presidential nomination : 總統候選人提名

running mate: 競選夥伴

seeking re-election: 尋求連任

the invalidation of the election results: 選舉結果無效

to force a rigged presidential election to be rerun: 迫使舞弊的總統大選重新選舉

to quit the US presidential race:退出美國總統大選