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怵目驚心或觸目驚心
2024/04/28 17:40:45瀏覽9743|回應8|推薦8
怵目驚心或觸目驚心

        翻開報紙或察看網路訊息,經常發現「怵目驚心」寫成「觸目驚心」。多年前,大學聯考有一題,要在「就序」、「磨肩接踵」、「怵目驚心」、「浮光略影」找出正確的字,答案是:「怵目驚心」(註一)。但有人以為教育部《成語典》收有「觸目驚心」一語,因而認為「怵目驚心」應是「觸目驚心」才對,所以沒有答案是正確的(註二)。

        怵,音ㄔㄨˋ,當動詞用,恐懼、悲傷之意,如:怵心、怵息、怵懼…等。怵目驚心,意即:讓眼睛感到驚嚇,讓心裡感到恐懼。中文裡,四個字的成語常由兩個詞組所組成,與「怵目驚心」近似的成語,尚有驚心動魄、提心吊膽、劌目怵心…等,這些都是由兩個詞組所組成。教育部《成語典》所收「觸目驚心」一語,意思是:目光所及,令人內心深受衝擊;且有古書為證,《鏡花緣》第99回:「惟恐廁內倘有赤痢血痔之類,也好教他觸目驚心,時常打掃。」所以,許多人認為「怵目驚心」及「觸目驚心」都對。

        去年,蔡總統為美國北加州教師節大會題詞「明德止善」,讓人覺得怪怪的。政大教授鄭自隆即以「去中化減古文失原典成笑話」為題,在聯合報民意論壇發表文章,指出「明德止善」源自《大學》:「大學之道,在明明德,在親民,在止於至善。」蔡總統使用「止善」,感覺好像遇到善事就要停止,其實正確用法應該是「明德至善」(註三)。按「明德至善」即是由「明德」及「至善」兩個詞組所組成。多年前,蔡總統送台南孔廟「德侔道昌」匾額,當時就引發輿論討論,按「侔」當動詞用,等同之意,常見「德侔天地」、「功侔相業」…等牌匾。所以,蔡總統應改為「德厚道昌」,即符合兩個詞組組成的語法(註四)。

        總之,「觸目驚心」雖也說得通,只是與「怵目驚心」意思稍有差別;但若是當作「讓人感到恐懼」的成語,還是「怵目驚心」比較正確。


註一:該題完全選項如下:(A)合唱團員準備就序,天籟般的歌聲隨琴音揚起,全場立即鴉雀無聲。(B)花博開放參觀首日,遊客蜂擁而至,人人磨肩接踵, 場面熱鬧非凡。(C)戰爭片中,只見硝煙四起,一幕幕喋血山河的畫面, 令人怵目驚心。(D)即使是浮光略影的人生片段,若能靜心觀照,亦可萃取出生活意義。

註二:參見https://dailyview.tw/popular/detail/7881


註四:參閱【德侔道昌】乙文。
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Dali
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老師您好,
另外想詢問,若要從外部聘用一位新人,公文上面應該寫「進用」張OO還是「晉用」張OO呢?
謝謝老師釋疑(Dali0125@gmail.com)
夏老師(chhsia1113) 於 2024-05-15 22:10 回覆:
古文中,「進」字與「晉」字通用,但依教育部《重編國語辭典修訂本》解釋, 「晉用」是擢升錄用的意思。「晉用」是拔擢任用的意思。因此,「晉用」比較著重在內部升任;若是從外部聘用一位新人,用「進用」較妥。以上解釋,請參考!