孫子兵法》第四篇：形
Chapter 4：Tactical Dispositions
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16. 善用兵者，修道而保法，故能為勝敗之政。

善於用兵的將領，修習道德和維護法制，所以能掌控戰場上勝負的局勢。

A commander skillful in leadership cultivates morality and protects the law and principle thus the victory-loss situation is under his control.

17. 兵法：一曰度，二曰量，三曰數，四曰稱，五曰勝。

帶兵打戰要能掌控這五項技能：
一是度(懂得如何量測土地的物產)，
二是量(懂得如何預估國家的資源)，
三是數(懂得如何計算兵源的數量)，
四是稱(知道得如何比較雙方的兵力)，
五是勝(知道如何應用戰略贏得勝利)。

Leading the army to war requires one to manipulate these five techniques:
(1) Measurement: know how to measure land’s production,
(2) Estimation: know how to estimate national resource,
(3) Calculation: know how to calculate the number of soldiers,
(4) Comparison: know how to compare military strength,
(5) Victory: know how to develop strategies for victory.

18. 地生度，度生量，量生數，數生稱，稱生勝。

依照土地的面積量測物產的多少，
依照物產的多少預估資源的容量，
依照資源的容量計算兵源的數量，
依照兵源的數量比較軍力的強度，
依照軍力的強度規劃贏戰的策略。

Measure the production based on land size,
Estimate the national resource capacity based on production,
Calculate the number of soldiers based on resource capacity,
Compare the military strength based on the number of soldiers,
Develop strategies for victory based on military strength.

19. 故勝兵若以鎰稱銖，敗兵若以銖稱鎰。

所以得勝的軍隊相對於戰敗的一方，猶如貴重的鎰和低廉的銖相比，戰敗的軍隊相對於得勝的一方，好像低廉的銖和貴重的鎰相比。

Thus, a victorious army versus a defeated one is as precious gold to low value penny, a defeated army versus a victorious one is as low value penny to precious gold.

20. 勝者之戰民也，若決積水于千仞之溪者，形也。

常勝軍官兵的戰鬥力，如同積水從千仞高的河川奔騰而下，勢如破竹使敵人無法阻擋，這就是所謂的形-軍隊整體的實力。

The conquering force of a victorious army is like the pent-up waters bursting down from one thousand meters high, too powerful thus irresistible by the enemy, this is so called military physical power.

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JSLIeh