佛陀的女兒：南傳佛教大修行人的傳奇心靈 

作者：艾美．史密特譯者： 周和君 
出版社：臺灣橡樹林初版日期：2003年09月09日 
　　----以下個人閱讀筆記, 非商業性, 來自英文版中主要是傳記那部分, 與這裏的朋友共用, 期待大陸也有完整的中文版問世 
　 　蒂帕嬤(Dipa Ma, 1911-1989)是當代上座部佛教傳統中有大成就的一位女性禪修大師, 她對於現代印度內觀禪修界, 和西方南傳佛教界影響深遠。印度現代第一個內觀禪修中心的創始人, 尊敬的拉斯特帕拉長老(Venerable Rastrapala Mahathera )是她的學生, 當今美國的佛教禪修導師傑克.康費爾德(Jack Kornfield), 莎倫.薩爾斯堡(Sharon Salzberg), 約瑟夫. 葛斯坦(Joseph Goldstein)也都是她的弟子。 這位女性已親證每一個禪那境界, 獲得內在的自由與寧靜。 
　　蒂帕嬤原名為那妮.巴拉.巴如阿(Nani Bala Barua), 出生於印度孟加拉邦東部靠近緬甸的一個村子裏。她所在的種姓世世代代為佛教徒, 當地佛教社團可能是現存唯一的, 毫不間斷可以上溯到佛陀時代的原始佛教徒群體。那妮身為長女, 下有五個弟妹, 從小喜歡去寺院作供養, 有旺盛的求知欲, 愛好獨自思考。 在她十二歲, 小學五年級那年, 根據印度習俗, 由父母作主, 被嫁到鄰村做了拉加尼.巴如阿(Rajani Barua)的童養妻, 他二十五歲, 在緬甸做工程師。 那妮與婆婆同住兩年之後, 來到仰光與拉加尼團圓。丈夫待她極好, 那妮把他視為自己的第一位老師。 儘管那妮多年不孕, 拉加尼並不生氣, 甚至反對母親要他別娶的建議。他還安慰拉妮, 把她天下孩子當作自己的孩子。儘管那妮多次要求拉加尼允許自己學習禪修, 丈夫總說, 按照傳統, 等到年老了, 完成了在家人的職責之後再修, 當時那妮母親去世, 留下18個月的幼弟, 被那妮收養。小弟成年後, 正值二戰結束, 三十五歲的那妮卻懷孕生女,三個月後不幸夭折。 四年之後那妮生了女兒蒂帕, 意思為”光”,從此人們稱她為蒂帕嬤, 意即”蒂帕之母”。那妮的第三個孩子是個男嬰, 死於生產。 那妮因為悲痛, 又身患高血壓和心臟病,臥床不起。 1957年那妮四十六歲時, 沉重的災難再次降臨, 丈夫拉加尼突然心肌梗塞離世。 
　　蒂帕嬤說:”我不知道怎麼辦, 往哪里去, 怎麼活。 ” 她問自己:”我死時能帶走什麼呢?” 自己年輕力壯時想修行卻受到阻撓, 如今人到中年, 帶一個幼女, 疾病纏身, 心力交瘁, 已無路可走。 這時她夢見佛陀對他誦了一段經文, 來自她熟悉的法句經(212): “執著於愛而生悲, 執著於愛而生懼, 徹底遠離了愛戀, 又有何可悲可懼。” 蒂帕嬤醒來, 心裏明白無論如何必須開始禪修, 直到解脫。她瞭解佛教儀軌, 卻不懂得怎樣坐禪。 她以為自己不久將死, 不如死於坐禪, 因此便把丈夫留下的一切, 包括財產, 珠寶,與其他物事交給鄰居, 換取他們照料女兒。 
　　她的第一次禪修是在仰光卡碼尤禪修中心, 處於種種原因事不如願, 幾個月後蒂帕嬤虛弱疲憊地 回家休養。 後來她得知一個家族友人, 同時也是佛教導師的出家人慕甯達(Anagarika Munindra)正在附近一個禪修中心。蒂帕嬤請他來家裏, 告以自身的困境。 後者鼓勵蒂帕嬤去塔薩那.耶克薩(Thathana Yeiktha)禪修中心, 慕甯達本人在緬甸當時最著名的比丘馬哈希尊者(Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw)的教導下在那裏深入禪修。 這個建議給了蒂帕嬤新的機會, 得以在一位大師和一位元懂得本土語言的家庭朋友幫助下修行。 她把女兒交給妹子賀瑪照顧, 自己去了塔薩那.耶克薩, 這一次她不再有前番的緊迫與衝動感, 而是深思熟慮, 準備充足。 
　　蒂帕嬤在禪修中 心進步神速, 幾天之內達到了南傳經典的初禪前期狀態, 感受到強光之下萬物消融的境界。 她的身體, 地面和周遭一切破碎成空。 接下來是劇烈的身心之痛, 全身的燒灼感和緊窒感, 好似自己將要在壓力下爆裂一般。 接下來非常事件發生了, 這個閃光的轉變過程靜悄悄地, 微妙地進行, 當時她坐著, 與一群人一起禪修, 連自己也不瞭解這瞬間的奧妙。 三十年的希冀求索, 六天的修習, 五十三歲時蒂帕嬤達到了初禪, 這是南傳佛教承認的四個開悟階段之一, 每個禪那步驟具有可識別的變化。幾乎在同時, 她的血壓回歸正常, 心悸消失。 過去她爬不動禪修中心的樓梯, 如今輕鬆自如。 日日夜夜的懼怕悲哀也隨之消失, 代之以前所未有的寧靜與自信。 她又修習了兩個月之後回到家裏。蒂帕嬤從此開始了一次次的禪修之旅。接下來的一次閉關中她再次獲得突破, 轉變的經歷相似, 然而痛苦更為劇烈。 達到第二禪那境界之後她的身體與思維狀況再次發生變化; 不安感從此消失, 體力有所增長。 
　　那些瞭解蒂帕嬤的人們對她的改變大為驚奇。 一夜之間她從病病怏怏, 悲痛欲絕的中年婦女變成了健康獨立, 容光煥發的新人。 家族和朋友受其影響, 特別是她的妹子賀瑪和孩子, 還有女兒蒂帕也開始禪修。 兩位中年婦女帶著子女, 在一群身著土黃色僧袍的比丘中坐禪的景象蔚為可觀。 即使在家裏, 修行氣氛也極其嚴肅, 吃飯時保持靜默, 不得相互張望。過了一年的修習, 賀瑪達到了與蒂帕嬤一般的境界, 而巴如阿宗族裏的四個女孩兩個男孩達到了至少是初禪的境界。蒂帕嬤一次又一次地告訴女兒, 只有禪修才能達到真正的寧靜。 
　　1965年, 蒂帕嬤的修習達到了另一個靈性維度。 慕甯達準備回印度去, 尊敬的馬哈希長老告訴他, 既然他要回到”異人的國度”(the land of siddhis), 他應當對神通有所瞭解。 馬哈希長老想把慕甯達訓練成異能者, 然而慕甯達忙於教學, 無暇自己修練, 於是決定訓練他的學生, 一部分原因是為了證明異能者的真實性。蒂帕嬤, 荷瑪與她的三個孩子被選中, 因為慕甯達瞭解誤用神通的危險, 選擇了品行絕對可靠的弟子, 從《清靜道論》出發按部就班地訓練。結果蒂帕嬤為技能最純熟的一個, 她掌握了書中提到的五類神通(天眼通、天耳通、他心通、宿命通、如意通)。 這些能力曾由慕甯達延請馬加德大學的學者驗證不虛, 她的學生中也流傳著一些有趣的故事。慕甯達離開之後, 人們開始要求蒂帕嬤在中心教授禪修。 
　 　1967年緬甸政局變動, 蒂帕嬤也為了女兒教育考慮, 全家回到故土, 在加爾各答近郊簡陋的住宅區落戶, 蒂帕在政府補助下上了大學。 孟加拉邦的佛教家庭雖然熟悉禮佛議式, 卻很少人瞭解禪修。 本地來了位富有成就的修行老師, 這個消息不脛而走, 人們一個接一個來到她的門前, 蒂帕嬤為他們開啟了新的宗教視野。她的課程對那些生活繁忙的在家人來說艱苦而有效, 她認為念住可以應用於任何活動之中: 說話, 熨衣, 煮飯, 購買, 照顧孩子。她要求弟子所做的, 自己做得更多: 守五戒, 每晚只睡四小時, 每天禪修數小時。 學生們必須每週兩次向她報告進展, 並且每年進行自我引導的閉關訓練。儘管多數加爾各答人喜歡高談闊論, 蒂帕嬤卻沈默寡言, 學生們得益于她的靜默。她所住的公寓樓廁所廚房由幾家共用, 過去是個爭吵不休的場所, 在蒂帕嬤搬入六個月之後那裏安靜下來, 人們開始第一次和平相處. 蒂帕嬤的待人方式----安寧, 平靜, 柔和, 帶著敬意與仁愛, 為人們樹立了榜樣, 在她的周圍人們做不到與過去那樣易怒好鬥。 
　　蒂帕嬤家只有一個房間, 是自己, 女兒, 和外孫的臥室兼起居室, 也是她傳授禪修的場地, 不僅僅印度人, 西方人也開始出現在門下。 從早到晚川流不息, 家裏有時擁擠不堪, 人們站到了走廊和陽臺上, 她從不拒絕任何人。 即使是受戒的比丘們也來向她請教。 尊敬的拉斯特帕拉長老(Ven. Rastrapala Mahathera)已剃度十八年, 回憶起當時人們對他求師的非議, 責問他既然獲得了博士學位, 為什麼還要跟一位女眾學習禪修, 他解釋說:”我不知道怎樣做, 但是她知道, 因此我向她求助。 我並不把她看成是女眾, 我把她當成自己的老師。 ” 他跟隨蒂帕嬤作了一次閉關, 六個月之後親自體會到了過去十八年裏只在書中讀到的經驗。蒂帕嬤給了他傳授禪修的許可, 1970年拉斯特帕拉長老建立了印度第一所內觀禪修中心, 也就是現在著名的菩提伽耶國際禪修中心。 
　　約瑟夫．葛斯坦於1967年遇見慕甯達, 後者向他介紹了這位”特別的人”, 葛斯坦回憶對蒂帕嬤的拜訪是一個”神奇而神聖的經歷 ”。 七十年代早期他向自己的朋友莎倫．薩爾茲堡介紹了蒂帕嬤, 兩人都稱這位印度女士自己遇見過的”最有愛心的人。” 傑克康菲爾德七十年代後期拜見了蒂帕嬤, 至今記得她給自己的一個大大的擁抱。 在西方人看來蒂帕嬤極為古怪, 外觀上一個虛弱的小老太太, 身穿白色紗麗就象”棉花裏包著的小蟲”, 然而靈性上她卻是個巨人, 進入她的存在空間, 就好象走進了神奇力場, 人們注意到感官的變更, 心神交流, 和自發的深度定力。 1980年和1984年, 在上述三位美國禪修者邀請之下, 蒂帕嬤來到美國巴瑞內觀禪修協會每年一度為期三個月的閉關修習班教授禪修, 獲益者至今懷念她。 
　　回國之後蒂帕嬤繼續在自己的小屋裏傳授, 直到1989年9月的一個夜晚, 她感覺不適, 鄰居念起佛經, 蒂帕嬤面對佛像合掌下拜, 之後不再起身。 幾天之後有四百多人參加了她的葬禮, 蒂帕嬤終年78歲。 -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- 轉自：西陸->社區->社會->南傳佛學，作者:gila12345 發表時間: 2005/07/16 01:38 www.6park.com位佛教大師的一生和饋贈 作者：蒂帕嬤 　 
Teachings （教導） 
A woman, a mother, and a householder, Dipa Ma made the Buddha's path seem accessible and the great goal of freedom attainable in this very life. What follows is derived from the essential teachings presented in Dipa Ma The Life and Legacy of a Buddhist Master. May it be of help to you in your own journey of liberation. （作為一個女人，一位母親，和一位在家居士，蒂帕嬤使得覺悟之路在當今這個時代顯得可以接近，使得宏大的解脫目標顯得可以實現。以下是《蒂帕嬤：一位佛教 大師的一生和饋贈》中所提供的教導的要點。願它對行走在解脫之道上的你有所饒益。） Meditate all the time （不斷地去禪修） 
Practice now. Don't think you will do more later. （“現在就去修行。不要以為你將來有的是時間” ） 
Dipa Ma stated firmly that if you want peace, you must practice regularly. She insisted that students find time for formal meditation practice every day, even if only for five minutes. If that proved impossible, she advised, At least when you are in bed at night, notice just one in-breath and one out-breath before you fall asleep. （蒂帕嬤堅決地說，如果你想平靜你就得經常地修習。她堅持認為學生應該每天找時間去進行正式的禪修，哪怕五分鐘也好。如果連這都不可能做到，她建議道： “至少，你可以在晚上入睡之躺在床上去注意一呼一吸”。） 
More importantly, in addition to formal sitting on the cushion, Dipa Ma urged students to make every moment of their lives a meditation. Some of us are busy people who find it difficult to set aside any time at all. If you are busy, then busyness is the meditation, she tells us. Meditation is to know what you are doing. When you do calculations, know that you are doing calculations. If you are rushing to the office, then you should be mindful of rushing. When you are eating, putting on your shoes, your socks, your clothes, you must be mindful. It is all meditation! （除了坐墊上的正式打坐，更重要的是，蒂帕嬤勸誡學生要將生活中的每個時刻都要成為禪修的時間。我們當中的一些大忙人覺得為禪修留出一點兒的時間都很困 難。“如果你忙，那麼工作就是禪修”。她告訴我們，“禪修是了知你所正在做的事情。當你在計算，了知你正在計算。當你匆匆忙忙趕去上班，你應該對匆忙的行 為保持正念。你在吃東西的時候，穿鞋子、襪子、衣服的時候，你一定要保持正念。這些都是禪修！”） 
For Dipa Ma, mindfulness wasn't something she did, it was who she was-all the time. Dipa Ma made it clear that there is nothing wrong with lapses of mindfulness, with the mind wandering. It happens to everyone. It is not a permanent problem. （保持正念不是蒂帕嬤“要去做的事情”，正念一直與她溶為一體。蒂帕嬤很清楚，心念散亂、正念流失並非過錯。“每個人都會碰到這樣的情況。（但）這問題不 是恒常的”。） 
There is nothing ultimately to cling to in this world, Dipa Ma taught, but we can make good use of everything in it. Life is not to be rejected. It is here. And as long as it is here and we are here, we can make the best use of it. （“最終而言，世界上沒有什麼東西可執著的”，蒂帕嬤如此教導，“但我們可以善用一切東西。我們不應該拒絕生活。生活就在我們眼前，只要它在我們眼前，我 們就要善用它”。） Choose one meditation practice and stick with it （選好一個法門然後堅定不移地修習） 
If you want to progress in meditation, stay with one technique. （“如果你想在禪修上取得進步，就要堅守一個法門” ） 
　 For those beginning the spiritual journey, Dipa Ma was adamant about commitment to one style of meditation. Don't give up, and don't jump around from practice to practice. Find a technique that suits you, and keep going until you find your edge, the point where difficulties start to arise. （對於那些心靈旅程的啟步者，蒂帕嬤堅決認為要堅守一種禪修法門。不要放棄，也不要在這個和那個法門之間跳來跳去。去找一個適合你的法門，然後堅持修習， 一直到發現你的“邊緣”——也就是困難開始出現的地方。） 
A common mistake many Western spiritual seekers make is to interpret difficulties as a problem with a particular practice. From the vantage point of that uncomfortable edge, some other practice always looks better. Maybe I should do Tibetan chanting . . . or Sufi dancing. In fact, difficulties usually are a reliable sign that the practice is working. （西方求道者普遍所犯的一個錯誤是把特定的一個修行法門的困難當作問題。那個一個法門的“邊緣”令人感到不舒服，所以另外一些法門看起來總是更好。“也許 我應該去試試藏傳佛教的唱頌……或者蘇非舞”。事實上，困難通常是修習起作用的可靠跡象。） 
Take Dipa Ma's advice to heart. Stick with the practice you've chosen through difficulty and doubt, through inspiration and stagnation, through the inevitable ups and downs. If you can stay committed to your practice through the darkest of times, wisdom will dawn. （將蒂帕嬤的忠告銘記於心吧。堅守你所選擇的法門，穿越困難和懷疑，穿越激越和停滯，穿越那不可避免的起起落落吧。如果你能堅持修行，能度過最黑暗的時 光，智慧的黎明就會來臨。） 
Practice patience （實踐耐性） 
Patience is one of the most important virtues for developing mindfulness and concentration. （“耐性是培養正念和專注的最重要的美德之一” ） 
　 Patience is forged by constantly meeting the edge. In the most challenging situations, merely showing up, being present, may be all that is possible-and it may be enough. （耐性是通過不斷地與“邊緣”相遇而鑄成的。在最富挑戰性的情景中，僅僅去面對而不退卻，就是我們所能做到的全部了——而這就已經足夠了。） 
One student recounts the effects of this kind of patience in Dipa Ma's life She had seen her mind go through every kind of suffering and was able to sit through it. Later, when she came out of that fire, there was something very determined, almost frightening about how she could look at you, because she had seen herself. There was nowhere to hide. She exemplified that you can't just sit around thinking about getting enlightened. You have to take hold of these truths at the deepest level of your heart. （一位學生詳細地敍述過在蒂帕嬤一生中，這種耐性的效果：“她已經了知其內心經受每種磨難並且能夠堅持到底。後來，當她從那團火走出來的時候，因為她已經 了知自我，所以她能夠用一種怎樣的目光看著你啊！——那是如此的堅定，而又幾乎令人震驚。任何東西都不能將其隱藏。她以此說明，你不能坐等開悟——你一定 要在內心最深處經受這些事實。” ）　 
Patience is a lifetime practice, to be developed and refined over time. Cultivating patience is a large part of maturing the mind, which, according to Dipa Ma, is the highest vocation of all. （耐性需要終生去實踐，需要不斷地去開發，不斷地去改善。培養耐性是心智成熟的最重要的內容——如蒂帕嬤所說，是最高的“使命”。） 
Free your mind （放開你的心） 
Your mind is all stories. “你的頭腦是你所有的故事” 
Dipa Ma did not say that the mind is mostly stories; she said that there is nothing in the mind but stories. These are the personal dramas that create and maintain the sense of individual identity who we are, what we do, what we are and are not capable of. Without our being aware of it, the endless series of such thoughts drives and limits our lives - and yet those stories are without substance. （蒂帕嬤不是說頭腦是你的大部分故事，她說的是頭腦中除了故事，別無它物。這些故事都是個人所上演的戲，它創造出和維持著個體認同感——我們是誰，我們所 做的是什麼，我們更夠或不能夠做什麼。如果我們對這些故事沒有覺知，無盡的思想之流就會驅使並限制著我們的生活，而且那些故事將變得不具實質。） 
Dipa Ma challenged studentsbelief in and attachment to their stories. When someone said, I can't do that, she would ask, Are you sure or Who says or Why not She encouraged students to observe the stories, to see their emptiness, and to go beyond the limitations they impose. Let go of thinking, she urged. Meditation is not about thinking. （蒂帕嬤挑戰那些信任並且執著他們的故事的學生。當有人說：“我辦不到”，她會問：“你肯定嗎？”或“誰說的？”或“為什麼不能呢？”她鼓勵學生去觀察他 們的故事，去了知其空性，以及去超越他們施諸其上的限制。“離開思想”她如此勸誡，“禪修與思想無關”。） 
At the same time, Dipa Ma taught that the mind is not an enemy to be gotten rid of. Rather, in the process of befriending the mind, in getting to know and accept it, it ceases to be a problem. （同時，蒂帕嬤教導我們：心不是要去除掉的敵人；在將心當作朋友的過程中，在瞭解、接受它的過程中，它不再是問題。） Cool the fire of emotions （冷卻情緒之火） 
Anger is a fire.（“惱怒是火” ） 
When someone came to visit Dipa Ma, it didn't matter who it was, or what emotional state they were embroiled in, or what the circumstances were. In every instance, Dipa Ma saw each person as someone to be loved. Can we offer the same acceptance to the emotions that arise in us, treating them as visitors to be treated with lovingkindness Can we simply allow them to come and go, without reacting in ways that might be harmful （不論來訪者是誰，不論他們處在何種情緒狀態、何種境況，蒂帕嬤總是充滿慈愛地接見他們中的每一位。我們能夠對自己的情緒同樣發出接納之心嗎？我們能夠像 對待訪客那樣慈愛地對待它嗎？我們是否能夠允許他們來來去去而不以可能有害的方式去反應嗎？） 
A lot of incidents happen in daily life which are undesirable, Dipa Ma said. Sometimes I experience some irritation, but my mind remains cool. Irritation comes and passes. My mind isn't disturbed by this. Anger is a fire. But I don't feel any heat. It comes and it dies right out. （“許多在日常生活中發生的事件都不如人意”，蒂帕嬤說道，“有時候，我經歷著一些惱怒，但我的心仍然著保持冷靜。惱怒來了又走。我的心並不受它的干擾。 惱怒是火，但我沒有感到熱。它是如此清楚地生起和滅去”。） 
Sylvia Boorstein, a meditation teacher who hosted Dipa Ma in her home in 1980, said that her husband once challenged Dipa Ma on this point. Dipa Ma was talking about the importance of maintaining tranquillity and equanimity and non-anger, and my husband asked her, would you do that What if someone were in some way to jeopardize Rishi [Dipa Ma's grandson], to threaten him （Sylvia Boorstein 是位禪修教師，1980年她在家中接待了蒂帕嬤。她說有一次他的丈夫向蒂帕嬤質疑這一點。“蒂帕嬤在談論保持平靜、平等心、不發怒的重要性，我的丈夫問她，如果有人傷害、威脅Rishi（蒂帕嬤的孫子），你會這樣嗎？” ） 
I would stop him, of course, Dipa Ma replied, but without anger. （“‘當然，我會阻止他’,蒂帕嬤說道，‘但不會發怒’”。） Simplify （簡單生活） 
Live simply. A very simple life is good for everything. Too much luxury is a hindrance to practice. （“過簡單的生活。簡單的生活對什麼東西來說都是有益的。過於閒適的生活對於修行是個障礙”。） 
In every way, Dipa Ma lived in the greatest simplicity. She refrained from socializing. She did not engage in unnecessary talk. She didn't involve herself in other people's concerns, especially complaints. Her guideline for herself and her students was to live honestly and never blame others. （蒂帕嬤在各個方面都過著簡單的生活。她對社交保持節制。她不會去談論不必要的東西。她不會引起別人的關注，更不會引起別人的抱怨。她要求自己以及學生的 守則是，做人誠實，永不責人。） 
Often Dipa Ma simply rested in silence. Whenever I get time alone, I always turn my mind inward, she said. She did not spend time at any activity that was unnecessary to her life. （蒂帕嬤經常在靜默中簡單地休息。“獨自一人的時候，我總是返觀內心”，她如此說道。她不會把時間花費在對生活沒有必要的事情上。） 
Just as in meditation, where we practice giving our full attention to one thing at a time, Dipa Ma did each thing completely without worrying about the next. Thoughts of the past and future, she said, spoil your time. In whatever she did, she was fully present, with ease, stillness, and simplicity. （蒂帕嬤做每一件事都不會為下一件事憂心，正如禪修中我們練習在某個時段中把全部的注意力放在一個事物上一樣。“去想過去和將來的事情”，她說道，“會毀 掉屬於你的時間”。無論什麼事情，她總是全神貫注，從容，平靜，簡單地去做。） Cultivate the spirit of blessing（培養慈愛心） 
If you bless those around you, this will inspire you to be attentive in every moment. （“祝福你身邊的人，會讓你在每時每刻保持全神貫注” ） 
Dipa Ma continuously offered blessings. She blessed people from head to toe, blowing on them, chanting over them, stroking their hair. Her blessings were not reserved exclusively for people. Before boarding an airplane she would bestow a blessing upon it. Riding in a car was an opportunity to offer a blessing not only to the vehicle but also to the driver and to the men who pumped the gas. （蒂帕嬤不斷地發出慈愛。她細緻入微地祝福別人——誇獎別人，讚歎別人，撫摸別人的頭髮……她對別人的祝福毫不偏袒。在登上飛機前，她會為它祝福。坐進一 輛汽車，對她而言也是一個發出祝福的機會，她祝福那輛車，也祝福司機和加油的人。） 
Practicing this spirit of blessing throughout the day can make the ordinary become something special. It's a way of encountering grace moment after moment. （隨時實踐這種祝福精神，一個平凡的人也會變得有些特別。這是一種時時與優雅相遇的方式。） --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 英文來源：www.dharma.org/amysteachings.html --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 說明：本帖(一位佛教大師的一生和饋贈)原為優婆塞法友所發名為“補充”的帖子，今為諸法友閱讀方便，將此帖文字稍作排版（沒有改動內容），並將此帖與主 帖一起從原“其他”版面轉至“南國參訪”。特此告示！——斑竹 
轉自：原始佛教論壇

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http://classic-blog.udn.com/trix/10097412