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Dr. Alaa Murabit 艾拉‧穆拉比醫師(上)
空中英語教室 20241106
阿拉·穆拉比特（Alaa Murabit M.D. ，阿拉伯語：آلاء المرابط，生於 1989 年 10 月 26 日）是一位利比亞裔加拿大籍 醫生，一直擔任比爾及梅琳達·蓋茨基金會全球健康宣傳傳播部主任。
穆拉比特是功績十字勳章獲得者，曾擔任聯合國秘書長任命的 17 位全球永續發展目標倡導者之一，以及聯合國衛生就業和經濟成長問題高級專員。她是 Omnis Institute 的共同創辦人，這是一個獨立的非營利組織，旨在透過賦予新興地方領導人權力來解決關鍵的全球問題。她曾在 21 歲時創立並領導了利比亞婦女之聲。
2019年，穆拉比特與露絲·巴德·金斯伯格、梅琳達·蓋茲和米歇爾·歐巴馬一起被選為全球性別政策最具影響力的100人前20名之一。
修正英文文法，保留中文部分，同時將簡體中文修改為繁體中文
Here’s a revised version of your text with the requested changes:
Hi, friends! Welcome back to Studio Classroom. I’m John.
My name is Ann Marie, and friends, today is a great day to learn something new. It is, so let’s do that together, friends!
Today we have a question:
What are some challenges that women and girls face around the world?
What do you think, Ann Marie?
Well, there are a lot of different challenges that women and girls face around the world. I can only really speak from my own experience, growing up in the United States. And I would say one of the things I have encountered is what we call the pay gap, where oftentimes in the same position, when men and women have the same degree of education, there’s still a difference in how much they get paid to do the same job.
That’s right. So, that is just one of many problems. And in different parts of the world, sometimes the issues and the dangers facing women are very extreme.
So today we’ll talk about a glimmer of hope. There’s a figure, her name is Dr. Alaa Murabit. I hope I’m saying her name correctly. But she offers a very interesting story and a unique perspective for us all to think about together. Let’s get into today’s exciting reading right now.
Dr. Alaa Murabit
"The undervaluing of women and girls is at the root of every problem we must solve."
In October 1989, Alaa Murabit, the middle child of 11, was born in a Canadian home to an immigrant family from Libya in Africa. Her younger years were filled with fun and kindness. Her supportive parents treated her and her siblings with equality and fairness. Her father emphasized the importance of education and gender equality, which greatly influenced her views on social justice.
Hi everyone, welcome to Language Lab. I’m Jack.
首先我們來看 equality 這個名詞，意思是平等。譬如，
True equality means valuing the contributions of everyone so we have a more inclusive society.
真正的平等，意味着重視每個人的貢獻，這樣才能擁有一個更具有包容性的社會。
Education is a powerful tool in promoting equality because it equips people with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in life.
教育是一个促进平等的強大工具，因為它提供人們在生活中取得成功所需的知識和技能。
副詞 equally 是指平等的，同樣的。 例如，
The teacher praised her students for their creativity, saying their ideas were all equally impressive.
老師稱讚學生們的創造力，說他們的想法同樣令人印象深刻。
再來看名詞 gender，它是指性別。
比如，
The TV show explored the history of the gender pay gap and the continuing fight for equal pay for equal work.
該電視節目探討了性別薪酬差距的歷史以及持續爭取同工同酬的問題。
或是：
The conference addressed gender inequality in STEM fields and encouraged more women to study science, technology, engineering, and math.
該會議討論了STEM領域中的性別不平等問題，並鼓勵更多女性學習科學、技術、工程和數學。
或者是：
This university does not reject anyone on the basis of their gender, race, or religion.
這所大學不會因性別、種族或宗教信仰而拒絕任何人。
All right, we begin with a really interesting quote, and this quote is from Dr. Murabit. She says,
"The undervaluing of women and girls is at the root of every problem we must solve."
And we see a couple of interesting words here, friends, that we need to talk about. First of all, this word undervaluing.
If you undervalue something, it means that you rate something too low or fail to appreciate it enough.
Yeah, you could say he undervalued his health when he was young and paid for it later.
Friends, is there anything you undervalue? Maybe it’s time to rearrange your priorities.
And Dr. Murabit says that the undervaluing of women and girls is at the root.
This is a really important word. Normally, a root is the bottom of a plant, right, that’s in the ground, but here it means the origin of something, or some idea, or the base.
Exactly! And here’s an example of how you could use that in a sentence:
Her bad attitude is the root of the problem.
This example means that someone has a bad attitude and it’s causing a lot of different issues. If she were to fix her bad attitude, those other problems would probably go away.
Now we’ll learn more about Libya and Dr. Murabit’s work. But first, it’s important to recognize that her work is all about helping women and girls in dangerous situations find health and safety.
So that is why she says the undervaluing of these people is at the root of the problems that she and her organization are trying to solve. We hope they can. So let’s read together:
In October 1989, that’s near the time when I was also born, Alaa Murabit, the middle child of how many kids? Eleven children! What a big family!
There are seven kids in my family; eleven is really truly a big family.
That is a big family! Wow, seven kids! That sounds like a lot of fun in the house.
She was born in a Canadian home to an immigrant family from Libya in Africa.
When I was growing up, I actually lived in Northern Africa as well—not in Libya though.
What does it mean to be an immigrant family? Well, it’s one that you need to know: Immigrant means people who come into a country to live.
Have you heard the word migrant before?
I have heard of the word migrant before. Migrant is a little bit different than an immigrant though, because when animals or people migrate, the idea is that they are still moving in that circle and they’re eventually going to go back to the place that they came from. However, when you immigrate to a place, of course, it means that you’re going there to live there permanently.
That’s right! So, immigrate—immigrants are immigrating—that’s the verb.
So, tell us more, Ann Marie, about her younger years.
Well, they sound great! We read here:
Her younger years were filled with fun and kindness. Her supportive parents treated her and her siblings with equality and fairness. Her father emphasized the importance of education and gender equality, which greatly influenced her views on social justice.
So if you emphasize something, it means that you give something special importance or value.
So it sounds like her father was specifically teaching her that gender equality is really important. Yes.
So she thought about it, and we read this:
Which greatly influenced her views on social justice.
Social justice is the idea that resources, opportunities, and privileges in a society should be divided equally.
It’s a really big and important topic!
And we’ll go on to the next section of our reading to learn how Dr. Murabit came to the place she is now.
Dr. Alaa Murabit
Growing up with so many brothers and sisters, Alaa says that she attended diplomacy 101 at home. She learned to focus, negotiate, and talk fast, or she wouldn’t get a chance to do anything. Most importantly, she learned that it was necessary to have a seat at the table to defend yourself. For example, if a lamp got broken and you weren’t around to defend yourself, you might end up being grounded.
再來看動詞 defend，意思是保衛。
例如，
Rick defended his beliefs during the debate even when faced with many other viewpoints.
即使面對許多不同的觀點，Rick在辯論中捍衛了他的信念。
或是：
The walls of the ancient castle have successfully defended the people living there against their enemies for centuries.
幾個世紀以來，這座古老城堡的城牆成功地護衛了住在裡面的居民，抵禦了敵人的攻擊。
Defend also means to argue in favor of someone or something. For example,
The lawyer defended her client in court, arguing his innocence, even though some evidence showed he might be guilty.
這位律師在法庭上為她的當事人辯護，辯稱他無辜，儘管有些證據顯示他可能有罪。
All right, we all know that having siblings really affects our childhood, and for Dr. Murabit, there’s no exception. We read:
Growing up with so many brothers and sisters, Alaa says that she attended diplomacy 101 at home.
Okay, if something is blank 101, it means an introductory class, normally in college. A class is a 101, right?
Yeah, exactly! And she’s saying this in a kind of joking way because that’s right. You usually go to college to take these types of courses, but here we’re seeing that she took this course at home, which just means that she learned what she needed to learn about diplomacy at home. Now, diplomacy is the art of dealing with people in a tactful way.
So we say diplomacy means you’re able to solve problems between people and talk to others without offending them.
That’s right, without offending people—hopefully!
Now, there is a noun you should know: diplomacy. A person who practices diplomacy is called a diplomat.
A diplomat is a person, normally from a country, that helps other countries have a good relationship.
We read that at home, she learned to focus, negotiate, and talk fast, or she wouldn’t get a chance to do anything.
You might have had this experience at your home: you’ve got to be the first one to do things, or else you might lose an opportunity. As a kid, we know negotiating is really important!
Negotiating means talking in order to come to an agreement or deal.
We’ve all probably negotiated with our parents for maybe ice cream or like a better bedtime!
So she learned to negotiate.
That’s right!
Here’s another way you could use that word negotiate in a sentence:
I was able to negotiate with the salesman for a better price on the car.
So, negotiate here means that you might be arguing or discussing something with somebody in order to come to an agreement about something. Maybe you want something, and the other person wants something, but you find some type of middle ground. And before you can even find that place of agreement—the middle ground—you have to have something to offer!
She learned that it was necessary to have a seat at the table.
This is a really, really great phrase for you to know, friends.
This is a situation in which someone is included in a discussion and can influence any decisions that are made. We often use this phrase to talk about people who have a seat at the table and who don’t. For example, maybe in your company, if you do have a seat at the table, that means you are able to sit in on meetings and talk about the future. But some people don’t have a seat at the table; they aren’t able to do that.
That’s right! You could say that the family let the kids have a seat at the table when they were talking about vacation plans. So it’s really helpful to have a seat at the table—even if you don’t have a lot to say, it’s nice to be included in decision-making.
Now, let’s read a story here for example:
First of all, she says she needs a seat at the table to defend herself if there is trouble.
For example, if a lamp got broken and you weren’t around to defend yourself, you might end up being grounded.
Being grounded is a very common punishment; it just means to be punished by being kept at home—you can’t go out and play with your friends.
If you’re grounded, well friends, now it’s time to not be grounded, but for today’s Infocloud.
Hello everyone, welcome to Infocloud. I’m Garrett.
Why do you think many people work so hard at their jobs?
Hm, well, I guess there are many reasons. One of the main reasons is that people want to keep climbing in their careers. They want to work hard and get better and better jobs. A better job comes with more money and more opportunities.
But it takes hard work.
That’s true. But for some people, even hard work might not get them to where they want to be.
We can call this the glass ceiling.
What does the glass ceiling have to do with work?
The glass ceiling is a metaphor for an invisible barrier that prevents certain people from advancing to higher positions in their careers, despite being qualified.
It’s like there’s a ceiling made of glass that you can see through but can’t get through.
Ah, when people have done everything they can to get a job but still don’t get it for reasons they can’t control, we say they can’t get the job because of the glass ceiling.
Exactly! This term has often been used for women or other minority groups who were looked down on throughout history.
Well, it seems like today, there are men and women and people of every kind at companies. Is the glass ceiling gone?
Well, in many companies, you might see a lot of diversity, but people still suggest there should be even more of it. This might mean there is still some kind of glass ceiling.
Just remember, there’s always room for improvement.
glass ceiling 玻璃天花板 當人們在工作中打拼，試圖升到更高的職位，但是不管怎麼努力都沒辦法晉升，有時候是因為 glass ceiling（玻璃天花板）。
這是一種看不見的無形限制，讓人在事業中無法再往高處爬，即使他們的專業能力完全可以勝任。
為什麼會有這種 glass ceiling 呢？其實每個地方的原因不同，有時候是因為歧視，有時候是因為人際關係。
例如，女性或是某些族群的成員，在某個領域可能就沒辦法達到晉升的機會，這就是所謂的 glass ceiling 玻璃天花板。
這就是今天的 Infocloud，下一次雲端見！
Doctor Alaa Murabit An extremely gifted girl, Alaa graduated from high school at age 15. After that, the family moved to her parents hometown in Libya. The following year, she began studying at the College of Medicine at Alzawea University in Libya, graduating in 2013.
最後來看 gifted 這個形容詞，意思是有天賦的。
例如，The gifted young musician mastered the complex piano pieces at a very young age.
這位有天賦的年輕音樂家在很小的時候，就掌握了複雜的鋼琴曲目。
或是：
Schools with gifted programs offer students learning opportunities that will help them develop their unique talents.
開設資優課程的學校為學生們提供學習機會，幫助他們發展自己的獨特才能。
Gifted 的原型 gift 可以當名詞或動詞。
當動詞的意思是贈與。例如：
Mia gifted her grandmother a warm scarf for winter because she knew she was always cold.
Mia 送給祖母一條暖和的冬季圍巾，因為她知道祖母總是怕冷。
All right, so we read that Dr. Alaa Murabit is an extremely gifted girl.
Alaa graduated from high school at age 15. That’s really young! Normally, people graduate from high school around 18 years old, right?
18 or 19, usually. But we see here that she was able to do this because she was an extremely gifted girl.
Now, what does that word extremely mean, John?
It means very, very much—kind of, as much as possible in the extreme. And gifted, we learned about that, means if you’re extremely gifted, it means you’re very, very talented.
Here’s another way you could use extremely:
The little girl was extremely excited about her birthday.
Most little kids do get extremely excited when something fun is going to happen, don’t they?
That’s right! My kids definitely do—they’re extreme in a lot of ways.
But this is really extreme—she graduated from high school at 15.
Graduation and graduated are words you probably already know, guys, but what does it mean?
Well, to graduate means that you successfully complete an academic degree, some type of course, or some type of training.
So yes, we do use this to say that someone graduated from preschool, graduated from middle school, graduated from high school, and of course, college. But we also use it in other ways as well, if they’ve just completed some type of course or training.
So just for your knowledge, there’s a word in here, grade. We use this to mean classes, right? So there are different grades as you go up. But the word grade comes from the idea of a slope, actually.
So if you say something like a hill is graded, it means it kind of goes up in levels. Oftentimes, stairs are an example of something that’s graded.
So if you graduate, it means you go up all the levels and get out of something like high school finally.
Though, let’s see how she got to Libya. What do we read here?
Well, we see here, After that, the family moved to her parents hometown in Libya.
All right, now we see that word hometown there. Let’s review what that means for a minute.
Your hometown is the place that you came from—it’s the place that you grew up in.
So we see here that her parents grew up in Libya, and then they immigrated to Canada, but here we see that the family is moving back.
That’s right! And for her story, this is where things become exciting and dangerous.
The following year, she began studying at the College of Medicine at Alzawea University in Libya, graduating in 2013.
Well, friends, there’s a lot more we’ll have to learn about this incredible person tomorrow. But now it’s time for our fun fact!
Hello, fact friends! I am Detective Ernest Finder, and I have a fun fact for you.
Did you know that the country of Libya is almost all desert?
Not dessert! Dessert is what you eat. Desert means a dry place with almost no rain, and there are no permanent rivers in Libya. Only when it rains, there are little rivers that go everywhere.
Well, that sounds like a place where you would need some water!
That is today’s fun Libya fact.
All right, we’re just beginning to learn about Dr. Alaa Murabit. I hope you’ll join us tomorrow.
Ann Marie, I’m going to leave us with a talk about a question:
Do you think you have the power to make a difference in your community? Why or why not?
Yes, I think everyone has the power to make a difference in their community. We’ve talked about this on the program before, friends.
Everyone is a leader, whether they feel like a leader or not. There is always somebody watching you. There’s always someone who is willing to copy what you are doing. So it’s very important that we lead by example.
Great point! And getting a solid education is a great way to set a good example and have more opportunities to lead.
Well, friends, we appreciate you joining us today. We’ll see you next time right here on Studio Classroom! Proud to have you in my life.
Dr. Alaa Murabit 艾拉‧穆拉比醫師(下) 空中英語教室 20241107
修正英文文法，保留中文部分，同時將簡體中文修改為繁體中文
Here is the revised text with corrected English grammar and simplified Chinese converted to traditional Chinese:
Hi friends, welcome back! Today on Studio Classroom, we are talking about the profile of an amazing person. Im John.
My name is Ann Marie, and friends, today is a great day to learn something new. It is!
So let’s do that together. Her name is Dr. Allah Murabbit.
She is famous for her work for women and girls in Libya.
But why? Yesterday, we learned a lot about her early childhood and education.
Yeah, we sure did. So what we learned about yesterday was the fact that she was born in a Canadian home to an immigrant family.
Her family had immigrated to Canada, and she had a really great childhood.
Her younger years were filled with fun and kindness, and her father taught her the importance of education and gender equality.
That’s right, especially this idea of having a seat at the table, right?
And that just means being able to speak up and defend yourself.
We’ll see why this becomes really, really important in Allah Murabbit’s cultural context.
So now it’s time to get into our first section of the reading.
Dr. Allah Murabbit, in the midst of her medical studies, civil war broke out in Libya in February 2011.
It wasn’t until then, at age 21, that Murabbit sensed a cultural shift as women were given a seat at the table.
They were finally involved in decision-making and information sharing to combat the war taking place around them.
But as religious and political leaders persuaded women to return to their previous roles, many women disappeared from the sphere of influence.
Hello everyone, welcome to Language Lab. I’m Jack.
首先來看這個名詞 midst，意思是「中間」或是「當中」。
例如：
"Even in the midst of finals week, Sylvia found moments of peace when she could relax and read a good book."
即使在期末考週期間，Sylvia 也能找到片刻的寧靜並放鬆，閱讀一本好書。
"A tiny flower bloomed in the midst of a crack in the sidewalk, bringing smiles to all who saw it."
一朵小花在人行道的裂縫中綻放，讓所有看到它的人露出微笑。
"In the midst of the crowd at the market, Ella searched for her friend until she found her at the coffee bar."
Ella 在市場的人群中尋找她的朋友，直到在咖啡吧找到了她。
再來看 combat 這個字，當動詞時是「與…戰鬥」的意思。
例如：
"The villagers worked together to combat the foreign soldiers who wanted to take control of the area."
村民們一起努力對抗想要控制該地區的外國士兵。
"Scientists around the world are working to combat climate change by developing solutions for sustainable energy."
世界各地的科學家正致力於透過開發永續能源的解決方案來對抗氣候變遷。
Combat 當名詞時指的是「戰鬥」，例如：
"The soldiers trained for urban combat by learning how to fight in the city streets and buildings."
士兵們透過學習如何在城市的街道和建築物中作戰來進行城市作戰訓練。
Okay, Ann Marie, as we remember from yesterday, right? Dr. Murabbit is studying medicine in Libya.
So what happens during her medical studies? Well, we read here: "In the midst of her medical studies, civil war broke out in Libya in February 2011."
Alright, so we need to talk about what this means here. If something breaks out, what does that mean?
Yeah, well normally I think that would mean like escape from jail—you could say the animal broke out of its cage.
But here, if an action breaks out, it means it begins suddenly and unexpectedly.
And this can be a positive thing or a negative thing. Friends, for example:
Of course, here in our article, it is a negative thing—war can break out. But someone could also break out in song because they’re so happy.
As John said, it just means that something happens very suddenly and often without warning.
That’s right. Well, I would break out in song right now, but our topic today is pretty serious.
We read: "It wasn’t until then, at age 21, that Murabbit sensed a cultural shift as women were given a seat at the table."
Okay, let’s talk about that word shift.
A shift is when something or someone moves from one place to another, especially if it’s over a very small distance.
We talk about this sometimes in politics or culture when things are starting to go a slightly different direction than they were before.
That’s right.
So here the shift is interesting. The women, we read, were finally involved in decision-making and information sharing to combat the war taking place around them.
And Dr. Murabbit actually helped provide medical attention to soldiers in a rebellion that was happening—a very terrible war.
And we certainly did not endorse any kind of war, but she was noticing, "Wow, women are part of the decision-making and information-sharing process."
Of course, this war didn’t last forever, though there are still a lot of negative effects from this war as far back as 2011.
But what happened afterward? Well, unfortunately, even though women were previously given a seat at the table, as religious and political leaders persuaded women to return to their previous roles, many women disappeared from the sphere of influence.
Okay, we need to talk about a few things in this sentence so we can understand exactly what this means.
First, let’s talk about that word persuaded.
Yep, if you’re persuading someone, it means you’re convincing them, and normally convincing someone in order to make them act on that.
That’s right.
She persuaded me to try a new food, even though I didn’t really want to do it.
So you see here, somebody doesn’t want to do something, and they are convinced by someone else to finally do it.
Okay, so what we’re seeing here is women are starting to return to their previous roles, and then they disappeared from the sphere of influence.
Now, the sphere of influence is a field or area where an individual or an organization has power to affect events and developments.
This phrase is very similar to the phrase we learned yesterday, a seat at the table.
That’s right. Now, this is also an important question for all of us: what is our sphere of influence?
I think it’s easy to think about having a bigger sphere of influence, but the real question is, what are we doing with the sphere of influence we’ve been given right now?
Are we blessing people with it?
Let’s keep asking this question together: What do we do with our seat at the table?
But let’s go on to the next section of today’s reading.
Dr. Allah Murabbit, it was then that Murabbit founded the Voice of Libyan Women, a national organization to advance women’s rights.
The organization works to improve political participation and empower women economically.
Additionally, she helps to promote security for all, create strategies for establishing and maintaining peace, and encourages faith-supported peacebuilding.
接下來看 participation 這個名詞，意思是「參與」。
例如：
"High participation in the local recycling program helped to reduce the town’s waste output."
當地回收計劃的高參與率有助於減少該鎮的廢棄物產量。
"The success of the community garden relied on the enthusiastic participation of volunteers."
社區花園的成功有賴於志工們的熱情參與。
Participation 的動詞是 participate，例如：
"Caleb hesitated because he felt shy, but with the teacher’s encouragement, he began to participate in class discussions."
Caleb 因為害羞而猶豫，但在老師的鼓勵下，他開始參與課堂討論。
Alright, so right in the middle of this terrible conflict, Dr. Murabbit does something well. She’s not Doctor yet—she’s still finishing medical school in 2011.
We read, "It was then that Murabbit founded the Voice of Libyan Women."
What is that? Do we read?
Okay, so this is a national organization to advance women’s rights.
So when you see that someone is a voice for something or for someone else, it means that they are saying the things that this thing or organization needs, or this group of people need, and maybe they can’t speak up for themselves.
So they are acting as the voice. So here, what this means is that she is standing up for the rights of these Libyan women.
You know, this is really important. There’s a really ancient Middle Eastern proverb that says, "Stand up and be a voice for those who don’t have a voice."
It actually says, "Don’t let their blood be on your hands." If you see someone who’s being hurt, you need—you’re actually called to speak up for them.
This is really important. And there are a lot of different types of people or a lot of different things that people give a voice to.
You might have heard this phrase before when talking about, for example, animals in shelters or homeless people. You could be a voice for them because they’re not people who can speak up for themselves.
That’s right.
So her organization, we read, works to improve political participation—so like voting—and empower women economically—helping women be able to make money.
If something is working to something, it means it’s normally trying to do something; it’s in process.
It’s working to... What does that word empower mean? I know we’ve heard that before.
Yeah, so if something is empowered or someone is empowered, it means that someone gets the authority or power to do something.
So basically, it’s saying that they are allowed or they have the right to do something.
Okay, so here, they are empowered to be able to do things economically, and economically means it’s related to money.
So it’s the idea that you can make money and use money how you want to.
So you could say, "Economically speaking, I’m doing okay, but I’m looking for a different job or something like that."
But I think, in some ways most importantly, we read here:
"Additionally, she helps to promote security for all, create strategies for establishing and maintaining peace, and encourages faith-supported peacebuilding."
So a lot of big words in this sentence, friends. Let’s first take a look at that phrase here: faith-supported peacebuilding.
Now, here you see faith-supported is used as an adjective, and what this means is that something is affiliated with, supported by, or based on some type of religious group or some type of religion.
Our article doesn’t expressly say it,
Dr. Murabbit is a practicing Islamic woman, correct?
That’s right. We call someone a Muslim if they’re practicing the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad here.
Muslim
KK[ˋmʌzləm] DJ[ˋmʌzlim]
n.回教；伊斯蘭教徒，回教徒
adj.回教的；伊斯蘭教的
faith-supported可以理解為「符合或基於信仰的原則或教義」。換句話說，某些行為或活動因為符合某種信仰的教導或價值觀，所以被認為是「有信仰支持的」。 Faith-supported is something you could use in different contexts. For instance,
you could say that for Christians, forgiving your enemies is a faith-supported activity.
And then there’s this word peacebuilding, which is really key for everybody, right?
Peacebuilding means to make peace, literally.
That’s right, it’s intended to create or sustain peace. So the idea here is that she is looking for ways that can keep the peace in this area that has seen a lot of conflict.
That’s right. Well, making peace is absolutely key if you want to have a seat at the table, because there’s no sense trying to fight violence with more violence.
A lot of peace is needed around the world. Well,
friends, it’s also time to learn something else in today’s InfoCloud.
Hello, friends, welcome to InfoCloud.
Hi, Gareth, I saw you playing basketball after work yesterday. How did you do?
Hi, Rex, I haven’t played in a while, but I think I managed to hold my own.
That’s an interesting phrase. We should talk about holding our own today.
Yeah, that’s a good idea. If you hold your own, it means you do well or compete effectively with others.
That’s right, but even more than that, it means you are able to maintain your position and perform competently compared to others.
It’s kind of like saying you didn’t embarrass yourself.
That’s true. For example, we might say:
"Despite being new to the team, she was able to hold her own against more experienced players."
That makes sense.
It’s used in other contexts too, right? Like in business or in education?
Absolutely. You might say, "He held his own in the debate," meaning he presented his arguments effectively.
Or, in the new job, "She held her own among seasoned professionals," meaning she performed well despite being less experienced.
hold your own 展現出該有的實力 當人們在某種競賽當中，每個人的表現都不同。
有些人還沒比就已經放棄了，也有些人會 hold their own，拿出自己最好的表現。
今天介紹的這個用語 hold your own 字面上就是把持住自己，意思就是發揮自己該有的表現，沒有被對手的實力嚇到。
例如：
Johnny held his own in the debate 在辯論會中，Johnny 表現得相當優異。
這並不代表他贏了或者輸了，hold your own 代表這個人表現得相當有競爭力。
這就是今天的 InfoCloud，我們下次雲端見。
Dr. Allah Murabbit, following medical school, Murabbit went on to receive a master’s degree from the London School of Economics while continuing to push for women’s rights.
She talked in schools and homes and put up posters and signboards around the country promoting those rights.
She fights not only for women but also for the health of the world.
Dr. Murabbit’s leadership helped to shape the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, impacting billions of people for the better.
最後我們來看 economics 這個名詞，它的意思是「經濟學」。
透過學習經濟學，可以幫助個人做出正確的財務決策，並了解商業趨勢。
或是 behavioral economics 研究心理因素如何影響我們的經濟決策。
或是隨著國際貿易的重要性日益增強，了解國際經濟學變得越來越重要。
Alright, well,
Dr. Murabbit did some pretty amazing things by founding this organization that’s still around,
while she was still a college student in the middle of a war.
But how are things going now?
We read: "Following medical school, Murabbit went on to receive a master’s degree from where?"
From the London School of Economics while continuing—excuse me—to push for women’s rights.
Okay, so we see this phrase to push for something. What does that mean, John?
It is a word you need to know. It means advocating for, or arguing for, and promoting something, usually in a strong way.
Yeah, for example:
"The office is pushing for us to come in and work this weekend."
So in this situation, maybe your boss is saying that there’s extra work to be done, and everyone needs to work through the weekend.
But we read on here, friends:
"She talked in schools and homes and put up posters and signboards around the country promoting those rights."
Here’s another good phrase for you to look at, friends: put up.
Yes, when we’re talking about information, if you’re putting it up, it means you’re placing it, usually on a wall or in a public place.
You can actually use this phrase to put up on the internet too, right? You could say, "I put up a post explaining my position on the internet."
That’s right. You could also use this when you’re talking about putting up decorations in your home or putting up pictures on the wall.
The idea here is that a lot of people are going to be able to see it.
That’s right. Last, we read here together that she fights not only for women but also for the health of the world,
and Dr. Murabbit’s leadership helped to shape the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015,
impacting billions of people for the better.
We read a lot about the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). What does it mean to shape?
Well, to shape something means to help create the final form of something.
Yeah, so you could shape a lot of different things. A lot of times, politicians shape their policies before they present them to the public,
and that means they’re taking in a lot of different information in order to build something that’s cohesive.
We also see another word here at the end of our lesson: impacting billions of people for the better.
What does this word impacting mean?
Well, here, it just means affecting, but it normally means affecting something and leaving it changed.
When I hear the word impact, I think of a meteor from outer space coming in and leaving an impact crater—it leaves a dent.
So if something impacts you emotionally, it changes you, right?
Yeah, for example:
"The decision he made impacted his whole family. They all felt the consequences of his decision."
Okay, so impacting means affecting, and for the better, which you see at the end, means changing something in a good way.
You could say, "Wow, I think it’s for the better that we didn’t end up traveling so far away. I’m glad I could be here right now."
Friends, now it’s time for one of the funniest parts of our show: Fun Facts.
Hello, Fact Friends!
I am Detective Ernest Finder, and I have a fun fact for you today.
Did you know that the Voice of Libyan Women is located in the city of Tripoli?
Yes, that’s right, in Tripoli!
Tripoli was conquered by armies from the Middle East in the 7th century (642 AD). That was not a good time,
but that is today’s fun Tripoli fact.
Alright, we learned just a little bit about Dr. Murabbit, and let me just say that
she is fighting a big battle.
There is a lot of violence against women, and she is really working hard to make a change. But, Anne Marie,
the important question is: What does it mean to value women and girls?
What does it mean to value women and girls?
Well, I think what you believe can really affect the way you treat others, no matter if they’re men, women, boys, or girls.
I personally believe that all of us were created in God’s image, and that fact alone really impacts the way that I treat other people,
because if someone is created in God’s image, you treat them with value and respect.
Absolutely. And I think it’s really important as men to lay down our lives for women.
That’s what Jesus teaches—that you have to lay down your lives for each other, and to listen. That’s really important.
You don’t have to disagree, but once you stop listening, then you can’t know the truth anymore.
Well, friends, there’s so much more to talk about.
We really hope that the work Dr. Murabbit is doing really does bless a lot of women and the world.
Friends, it’s been nice to talk to you. I’m John.
I’m Anne Marie, and we’ll see you next time right here on Studio Classroom.
Goodbye!
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