廖柏森

Currency指貨幣，各國貨幣的英文名稱不盡相同，例如台灣是用新台幣New Taiwan Dollar (NTD)，大陸用人民幣的元yuan (或Renminbi簡稱RMB），美國用美元Dollar，歐洲十七國用歐元Euro，英國用英鎊Pound，日本用日圓Yen，韓國用韓元Won，印度用盧比Rupee，泰國用泰銖Baht等。至於針對貨幣市場行情的陳述可見以下例句:

The Indian rupee yesterday hit a record low against the US dollar as fears about eurozone debt and the global economy, as well as falling local stock markets, provoked further selling of the currency.

昨日印度盧比對美元創下歷史新低，肇因於市場擔心歐元區債務和全球經濟問題，以及當地股市下挫造成盧比的進一步賣壓。 

The local currency dropped NT$0.086 to close at NT$30.395 against the US dollar yesterday.

昨日新台幣對美元下跌0.086元，收在30.395元。 

貨幣如果在國際市場交易時，常稱為「外匯」foreign currency，而「匯率」為exchange rate，例如「外匯存款利率」就是foreign currency deposit rate ，而「外匯存底」則是foreign exchange reserves。另外，貨幣的升值稱為appreciation (動詞為appreciate)，貶值稱為depreciation(動詞為depreciate)或devaluation(動詞為devalue)，例如美國一直認為中國大陸的人民幣有政府操控之嫌，升值幅度過慢，有利大陸商品出口，卻使中美貿易逆差trade deficit不斷擴大。例句如下:

China’s currency has appreciated 2.3 percent against the dollar over the past six months.

過去六個月來中國的貨幣對美元已經升值2.3%。 

以下為貨幣currency相關的搭配: 

l   動詞 + currency

例句:

Countries would move to drive down their own currency to hang on to what advantage they have in exporting.

各國將採取行動壓低幣值，並保持在有利其出口的水準。 

Estonia was the first of the former Soviet republics to issue its own currency.

愛沙尼亞是前蘇聯共和國中第一個自行發行貨幣的國家。 

Costs of purchasing foreign currency vary considerably.

購買外匯的價格變化非常大。 

l   形容詞 + currency

例句:

Among the ten non-euro states of the EU there are countries such as Britain and Denmark that have no intention of joining the single currency.

在歐盟的十個非歐元國家中，如英國和丹麥都無意加入此單一貨幣。 

A strong currency would help control inflation.

強勢的幣值有助於控制通貨膨脹。 

The entire world joined in on jawboning China to level the playing field and let its undervalued currency, the renminbi, appreciate.

全世界聯手向中國施壓，要求創造公平的競爭環境，並讓其低估的貨幣人民幣升值。 

l   currency + 名詞

例句:

The monetary authority was weighing action to curb currency losses.

金融當局考量遏制貨幣損失的措施。 

Oracle has attributed poor results to currency fluctuations that weakened the value of its European and Asian sales.

甲骨文公司將表現不佳歸咎於幣值波動，導致在歐洲和亞洲的銷售欠佳。 

The United States chided Japan for stepping into the currency market to stem the yen's rise.

美國責怪日本介入貨幣市場，阻止日圓升值。 

補充相關搭配詞彙:

a 3 percent upward revaluation of its currency: 其貨幣升值3%

the diversification of the country's foreign exchange reserves: 國家外匯存底的多元化

the single-currency bloc: 單一貨幣集團(指歐元區)

the yen’s sharp rise against the U.S. dollar: 日圓對美元急劇上升

to adopt market-based exchange rates: 採用市場匯率

to devalue its currency by 1 percent: 其貨幣貶值1%

to intervene in currency market: 干預貨幣市場

to name Beijing a currency manipulator: 稱北京為操控貨幣者 

練習:

請從方格中挑選正確的搭配詞來完成以下的句子:

  foreign     undervalued    manipulates    earn  undervalued  

1.      With high tariffs and an ______________________ currency, the prices for foreign goods were naturally high.

高關稅加上低匯率，進口貨品價格自然就高。

2.      Poor nations are under great pressure to ______________________ _______________________ currency.

貧窮國家有賺取外匯的龐大壓力。

3. The U.S. Treasury said that China's yuan is still significantly _______________________________, although it refrained from saying Beijing ______________________ the currency.

  儘管美國財政部自我克制，未指責北京操控貨幣，但仍表示中國元的幣值是嚴 重低估。  

解答:

1.      undervalued

2.      earn; foreign

3.      undervalued ; manipulates