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| 2009/11/21 00:23:01瀏覽1835｜回應9｜推薦45 | |
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愛情 美齡在從溫哥華回國的船上有一段美麗的邂逅﹐也是她人生的轉捩點。 當她在衛斯里大學讀書時﹐正當青春﹐活潑而有見地﹐交往只限於中國青年。據她的同學說﹐她在宿舍牆上掛了一把中國寶劍﹐足以嚇阻外籍追求者。也有同學說﹐她還曾經訂婚﹐不過這段戀情隨著她的畢業回國而不了了之。 1917年美齡畢業﹐十九歲的她﹐與兄長宋子文一同取道加拿大回國﹐先乘橫跨美洲的火車到西岸的溫哥華﹐再乘輪船回上海。在輪船上遇到一位荷蘭籍的「真命天子」﹐是一位建築師。在她寫給執友密爾斯Emma Mills的信中﹐她敘述這段異國戀情遭到家庭強烈反對﹐不管對方有多麼才智出眾﹐不管二人有多麼相愛﹐她是不可能嫁給外國人的。不但當時的社會結構不允許﹐她的家庭也無法「丟臉」。(請參閱文末英文原信摘錄)。 心灰意冷的美齡告訴密爾斯說: 既然不能和所愛的人結婚﹐嫁人只是從俗完成終身大事而已﹐「男人對我來說﹐沒什麼大的差別」﹐她今後擇偶的條件將會是「盛名與金錢」。 回國後最初的幾個月在上海法租借的「名媛」生活﹐是無法滿足美齡的。雖然她在社交圈很活躍﹐一些慈善募款活動幾乎不費什麼力氣﹐每天除了下午茶﹑晚宴﹑麻將之外﹐在教堂裡教主日學﹐在她眼中也不是什麼正事﹐她在給密爾斯的信中說﹐她要尋找自我定位﹐她需要一個真正的「事業」。她將投身於中國的改造運動。 由以上這兩種心態發展下去﹐未來美齡的擇偶方向就呼之欲出了。 (時代背景：1907年﹐美齡九歲赴美。國父領導的國民革命經過十次失敗﹐1905年在日本成立同盟會﹐他的理想與主張﹐終於獲得全國各地有識青年的擁戴﹐而中山先生環繞世界三次﹑戴著一顆價值十萬英磅賞額的人頭﹐向愛國華僑宣揚民主思想及為革命軍火募款。到1911年十月武昌一役﹐終於推翻帝制建立民國。 當美齡還在美國讀書時﹐她的大姐靄齡畢業回國﹐時值袁世凱大總統任命中山先生為鐵道部長﹐靄齡便擔任中山先生的秘書。袁世凱稱帝﹐國民黨二次革命討袁失敗﹐中山先生於1913至1916年逃亡日本。這段時間﹐宋家也搬到日本追隨中山先生。同時﹐曾受美國教育﹐來自山西的孔祥熙也來到日本﹐組織知識青年追隨中山先生﹐並為革命籌集經費。1914年九月﹐孔祥熙與宋靄齡在日本結婚﹐第二年回到山西孔家大院。 中山先生秘書一職由1913年畢業回國的宋家二小姐慶齡接任。 1914年第一次世界大戰爆發﹐1915年十月﹐慶齡不顧雙親反對﹐逃家與中山先生在日本結婚。她後來接受採訪時告訴美國記者史諾：「這樁婚姻與愛情無關﹐純屬愛國情操與英雄崇拜﹐中山先生是挽救中國唯一的希望﹐他需要我的幫助!」 美齡在二姐回國那年(1913)離開喬治亞州﹐轉往康州衛斯里大學主修英文﹐她的兄長宋子文正在哈佛大學修習博士學位。二人於1917年﹐美齡十九歲畢業時返國。歐洲戰事接近尾聲﹐上海各外籍租借區一片繁榮景氣﹐宋家廣在上海各區置產。) 美齡回國後﹐學習中文並從事英文寫作﹐開始注重身材及服裝﹐穿著有腰身的中式長旗袍出入中外社交場合﹐她的美麗風采讓許多已婚及未婚的男士著迷﹐外籍記者也多有描述。 值得一提的是﹐她的傾慕者包括張學良和蔣介石。(附錄人民網刊出有關少帥﹑蔣介石與宋美齡的故事) 這段時間﹐各地軍閥割據﹑北洋政府無能也無力於國家統一﹐中山先生遂於1916年南遷廣州﹐指派蔣介石建軍黃埔﹐積極訓練國民革命軍揮師北伐。由於廣州政府無法得到英美國家的經濟援助﹐不得已轉向蘇俄﹐而蘇俄派來了共產國際駐中國代表及蘇聯駐中國廣州政府代表。(這位「鮑羅廷」就是協助中山先生進行聯俄容共﹑第一次國共合作的主要人物)。 宋家三姐妹在北平﹑上海﹑武漢﹑廣州多次聚會﹐經歷國父逝世﹑北伐成功﹑建都南京﹑共產黨參加國民黨﹑國民黨清除共產黨……靄齡的丈夫孔祥熙與美齡的兄長宋子文在國民政府表現了財政外交的長才﹐美齡未來的丈夫蔣介石更被美國時代雜誌期許為中國未來的領導人。 帕庫拉女士書中的描述與摘錄如下： Once she was out of college, May-ling had to invent herself. ....a shipboard romance on the long sea journey back to China. "I lost my head over a man whose father is Dutch and mother is French," she wrote her friend three weeks after she returned home. The man, an architect on his way to Sujatra, asked May-ling to marry him and came to see her in Shanghai; her family, who would never have allowed her to marry a foreigner, was "greatly wrought up" by his appearance, and she ended up "having a rather uncomfortable time." Once home, she was also courted by someone she referred to as "H.K.," who often came from Peking with a friend to see her. "I like them, but that's all," she wrote Emma. Another suitor--despite his wife and family--was Eugene Chen, the editor of The Shanghai Gazette, who had been born in Trinidad. "He is very clever, and brilliant, but horrible egoistic and vain...He is coming to call on me this week, and I hope I won't be rude," she wrote, adding the information that she had been attending "a great many dinners, and teas, & other affairs" since her return. A month later, she said that there had been only one evening when she was neither entertaining at home nor attending a dinner somewhere else. ....her impatience could also be traced to the young man known as H.K., who kept returning to Shanghai. "He has been here quite often," she wrote Emma in the middle of August. "I fear, however that I care nothing for him...Of course with him it is as it used to be." Two months later, H.K. gave a dinner for May-ling, during which a friend of his also decided he liked her. She was furious because H.K. apparently told his rival that he and May-ling were engaged: "he always acts as though I belong to him...and...I have no opportunity to deny it." She also claimed that she was "rather indifferent" when it came to men in general. "At dinners, I meet mostly prominent men who are already married," she wrote Emma. "...Mother and Father object to my seeing men very much as they don't want me to get married for the next three years. As I myself am quite contented at home, I do not want to marry either, --especially as I told you, that I met 'my fate' on the boat. Since I cannot marry someone I really care for, I shall not marry for anything else except fame & money. I know you think I am mercenary, but after all, dear, now all men are alike to me. I know I sound worldweary, but isn't it just my luck though not to meet him until on my way home! The way the family scorns him because he is a foreigner would make you think that he is a Barbarian!" ....the time: When she went back at nineteen it was to lead the life of a Newport set in Shanghai. Businesses were thriving. She enjoyed life in Shanghai, which was exceedingly pleasant for the rich after the end of the First World War.--everyone with money had cars and chauffeurs, entertained lavishly with parties that lasted not hours but days and featured elaborate entertainment by troupes of famous actor. If May-ling was not insensitive to others, she was still full of youthful energy, vivacious, and a popular guest at both Chinese and foreign parties. She was also smart enough to ration her appearances and seemed in no hurry to find a husband. She kept busy learning Chinese and working for her charities, .... also helped plan fashion shows. ……writing for Shanghai Gazette and got published ……a would-be "reformer" "If we want to know how developed a nation is, we have to look at the status of women in that nation... Unfortunately, a large number of Chinese women... live a life similar to that of hundreds of years ago."---Madame Chiang kai-shek. 宋美齡：少帥張學良最重要的紅顏知己   張學良獲得自由後曾有一句感慨：「宋美齡活著一天，我也能活一天。」這種非比尋常的柏拉圖式情感，出現在這兩位特殊身份、特殊命運的人之間，不可思議卻又至誠至信。 張學良曾說，一生中有兩位女性對他恩同再造，一是蔣宋美齡，一是趙一荻。張學良曾這樣寫道：「我沒死，關鍵是蔣夫人幫我……我認為蔣夫人是我的知己，蔣夫人對我這個人很瞭解，她說西安事變，他（張學良）不要金錢，他也不要地盤，他要什麼，他要的是犧牲。」而張學良曾在被採訪時表示，正是因為對宋美齡的尊崇，只要宋美齡活著，他便要把秘密守住。 ●少帥為宋美齡所傾倒 1925年東北軍打敗孫傳芳後，首次進入上海。張學良當時在上海是個花花公子，當他第一次和宋美齡見面時，宋當時未婚。少帥一見面，立刻為她出眾的氣質傾倒，稱她為「美若天仙」，還與宋美齡約會了好幾次，經常在一起跳舞、遊玩。兩個人當時都只有20多歲，感覺過得非常愉快。少帥曾對王書君說：「若不是當時已有太太，我會猛追宋美齡」這些蔣介石都不知道。那時蔣介石身邊有陳潔如，(1926年美齡兩度陪慶齡赴廣州，蔣介石極力想進入孔宋家族)，也要追求宋美齡。後來蔣介石到北京第一次見到張學良，宋美齡也在場。宋美齡招呼張學良：「Peter（張學良的英文名），how are you？」蔣介石覺得奇怪：「怎麼你們倆認識啊？」宋美齡1925年和張學良在上海相識的時候，大家都知道她是孫中山的小姨子。蔣介石當時只是個上校，且在軍隊裏，根本碰不到她。 ●他倆有很多共同語言 出身的相似、年齡的相似、通英文、受過西方教育的影響，使宋美齡與張學良之間有著遠比蔣介石更多的共同語言。 張學良所留信件，有四大箱約500多封。在這些信件中，張學良與宋美齡的通信最多，在百封以上。這些信件顯示，宋美齡自1936年「西安事變」後，對張學良一直很關照。 張學良與宋美齡在信件交往中，感情誠摯。宋美齡直呼張學良為「漢卿」，張學良稱宋美齡為「夫人」，而自稱「良」。張、宋書信交往，宋美齡以英文信為多。從兩人往來書信中，可看出宋美齡非常關照軟禁中的張學良，尤其體現在生活上，常送日用品、禮物給張學良，代轉張學良在美家人，包括張學良原配夫人于鳳至托帶的物品、信件。宋美齡有一次念張學良眼睛不好，特送他一盞從美國帶回來的臺燈。信中也顯示，宋美齡與於鳳至私交甚好，稱於為「鳳姐姐」。 習慣用英文與張學良通信的宋美齡，在張學良身體不適時，細心周到地以中文去函，而她並不擅長中文書寫，惟便於病中的張學良不至閱讀英文時勞神。這種體貼還體現于宋美齡得到友人贈送的巧克力時，寄與張學良一同分享。 ●非常的柏拉圖式情感 原本信佛的張學良，在漫長的幽禁歲月中，經宋美齡的勸導成了一個虔誠的基督徒，宋美齡希望信仰能幫助張遠離政治並排遣心中的憤懣不平。不僅張學良如此，張學良的夫人趙四小姐最終也成為一名基督徒。而張被幽禁後在香港公寓的趙四小姐能夠回到張的身邊，正是宋美齡的牽線。 或許值得一說的是，原本同於鳳至相熟的宋美齡不喜歡趙四小姐，但隨著歲月的洗禮，宋美齡對趙四小姐越加敬重，並促成其結婚。1964年7月4日，64歲的張學良與51歲的趙四小姐，按照嚴格的宗教儀式舉行了婚禮，宋美齡參加了這個簡樸的婚禮。 張獲得自由後曾有一句感慨：「宋美齡活著一天，我也能活一天。」這種非比尋常的柏拉圖式情感，出現在這兩位特殊身份、特殊命運的人之間，不可思議卻又至誠至信。 2001年10月，張學良將軍在夏威夷檀香山病逝，享年101歲。消息傳來，與張學良交誼70多年的宋美齡悲痛不已，靜默多時。她通過孔令儀表達哀痛之意，並特別交代辜振甫(曾為蔣介石日文翻譯)夫人嚴倬雲(嚴複之孫女)代表她赴夏威夷參加張學良的追思禮拜與公祭。辜夫人將一束署有「蔣宋美齡」的十字架鮮花置於「少帥」靈前。（來源：人民網） (待續) |
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