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| 2007/10/06 02:39:37瀏覽1192｜回應0｜推薦0 | |
| Lesson 36 General Travel
1. announcement (n) (1) [C] 通告,佈告,通知;預告;聲明 (2) [U] The act of making known publicly宣告,宣佈;通告 announce (vt) (1) to make known publicly 公諸於眾,宣佈,通告 (2) to state in a loud voice (大聲)宣佈 (3) to read (news) or introduce (a person or an act ) on the radio, television, etc. (在電視台,電台的) 報告新聞,主持(節目) announcer (n) a person who reads news or introduces people, acts, etc., esp. on radio or television (在電視台,電台的)播員,播音員,節目主持人 例：flight arrival announcements at the airport 例：I’ve got an important announcement to make. 我有件重要事情要宣佈。 例：A news/wedding announcement 新聞發布；結婚啟事 例：They announced the date of their wedding in the paper. 他們在報上宣佈了結婚日期。 例：The government has announced that electricity charged will go up in the spring.政府宣佈電費將在春季加價。 例：the bright flowers announced that spring was here. 鮮豔的花朵顯示春天已經到來 例：Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition. 當他宣佈比賽獲勝者的名字時，在場的人都鴉雀無聲。 類 proclamation (n) [U] 宣佈,公佈 ;[ C] 公告,佈告;宣言書;聲明書 promulgation [ ] (n) []公佈 declaration (n) 宣佈,宣告;宣言,聲明; 【律】(原告的)申訴;(證人的) 陳訴,證言; (納稅品等的)申報 annunciation [ ] (n) 通告;公佈 statement 2.notification (n) [C;U] fml (the act of giving) warning or information [正式] 通知；通知單（書） notify (vt) [+ (of )] to tell (someone), esp. formally; inform （正式地）通知，通告 notifiable (a) tech,esp. BrE (esp. of certain diseases ) needing by law to be reported to an office of public health 須申報的;須向衛生當局報告的 例：to notify the police of a crime 向警方舉報罪案 例：He notified the police of the incident 他向警察報告了這個事件 例：Please notify all staff that the inspectors will be here on Monday. 請通知體職工，視察人員將於星期一來這兒 例：If you decide to go ahead with the rebuilding scheme, can you give us some notification? 如果你們決定續這一建規劃，你們能給我們發個通知嗎？ 例：Typhoid, cholera, etc., are notifiable diseases. 傷寒、霍亂等都是應具報的疾病。 3. blanket (a) including all cases, classed, or possible events; unlimited 綜合性的；適用於全體的；全面的；無限的；總括的 (n) (1) 毛氈；毯子 (2) [of] a thick covering 厚覆蓋層 (vt) [ + with ] to cover as if with a blanket 覆蓋；籠罩 例：A blanket rule 總則 例：A blanket ban on smoking throughout the building 在整座大樓內一律不准吸煙的禁令 例：The boss promised a blanket wage increase. 老板答應全面加薪. 例：The country was blanketed with snow. 皚皚白雪覆蓋著鄉間大地。 例：The valley was covered with a blanket of mist. 山谷為霧靄所籠罩。 4.board (vt) (1) to get into (a ship or public vehicle); go on board 登上（船或公共交通工具）；上(船,車,飛機等) (2) to get or supply meals and lodging for payment 為…提供膳宿；寄宿，寄膳 (3) [(+up/over)] 用木板覆蓋(或封閉) board (n) (1) [C] 長形木板 (2) [U] ( the cost of ) meals 膳食；膳食費 (3) [C+sign./ pl. ] 董事會，委員會，理事會 (4) [C+sign./ pl. ] ( 官方的)部，局 Board of Foreign Trade (經濟部) 國際貿易局; 國貿局; 貿易局 (5) on board 在船上；在車上；在飛機上 boarding card / boarding pass (n) 登機證 boarding house (n) 供膳宿的私人住房［公寓］ boarding school (n) 寄宿學校 board and lodging (職業條件等的)供應食宿 boarder (n) (1) ［寄宿學校的］寄宿生，住校生 (2) ［住在他人家裡的］寄宿者，寄膳宿者 例：to take in boarders 招收寄宿生（者） 例：the hijackers boarded the plane at New York airport. 例：She arranged to board some students from the university. 她為所大學的一些學生提供膳宿。 例：I’m boarding with a friend. 我在一個朋友家寄宿。 例：We’ll have to board the cat out while we’re on holiday. 在我們度假期間，要為貓在外面找個地方寄宿。 例：The windows were cover with boarding. 窗戶用一排木板封住了。 例：A small country boarding school 例：Pin the list up on the board. 把這份名單釘在佈告牌上。 例：Put the bread on the board before cutting it. 例：I want to play the chess but I can’t find the board. 例：I pay 30 dollars a week for board and lodging. （膳宿費） 例：a school’s board of governors 學校的董事會 例：the English Tourist Board 英國旅遊局 例：The board is meeting tomorrow. 董事會明天開會。 例：We had intended to get a new car, but that’s gone by the board now that I’ve lost my job. 我們原來打算買一輛新車，但我失業了，這個計劃也就告吹了。 例：As soon as I’m on board always feel sick. 一上船，我總是想吐。 例：The management’s offer shows that they have not really taken on board the union’s demand. 資方的提議說明他們根本沒接受工會的要求。 5.claim (v) (1) [ I ;T] [+ on, for ] to ask for, take, or state that one should have (something to which one has a right) ［根據權利而］（對.....）提出要求；索取；認領；聲稱有…的權利 (2) [T] to declare to be true; state, esp. in the face of opposition; maintain ［尤指面對反對意見］斷言；聲稱；主張；認定 (3) [T] to deserve or need 值得；需要 claim (n) (1) [C;U] [ for, on ] a demand or request for something which one has a right to have ［根據權利而提出的］要求 (2) [C;U ( to, on) ] a right to something ［對某事物的］權利；要求權；所有權 (3) [C] a statement that something is true or real, esp. one that other people may disagree with ; assertion 聲稱；［尤指他人可能反對的］主張；斷言 (4) [C] something claimed, esp. an area of land or a sum of money 要求（得到）的東西［尤指土地或錢財］ claimant (n) [ +to ] fml or law a person who makes a claim ［正式或法律］申請人；要求者；索賠人； 認領人；原告;【商】索賠者 例：Did you claim on the insurance after you car accident? 例：Old people are entitled to claim a special heating allowance from the government. 例：If no one claims the lost umbrella, the person who found it can keep it. 例：A small terrorist group has claimed responsibility fro the bombing in London. 例：The flood claimed hundreds of lives. 例：They claim to have discovered a cure for the disease, but this had not yet been proved. 例：This problem claims our undivided attention. 例：The management is considering the union’s pay claim. 例：When her house was burgled, she made a claim on the insurance. 例：He put in a claim for his traveling expenses. 例：He laid claim to the throne. 例：He has a rightful claim to the property; it was his mother’s. 例：You may be my sister, but that doesn’t mean you have any claims on me. 例：The town’s claim to fame is that it has the country’s oldest church. 6. depart (vi) (1) 【書】[(+from, for)]起程,出發;離開,離去 (2) [(+from)] 背離,違反 (3) 死,去世 departure (n) (1) [C; U] 離開，起程；出發 (2) [C] [ + from] ［從常軌、習慣等的］背離，變更 depart from sthg. (ph. vt ) to turn away from or stop following (a usual or former course of action, way of thinking, etc.) 背離，違反［常軌、習慣等］ depart this life ［婉］離開人間，死亡 例：They departed at noon. 他們於中午離開 例：He is unwilling to depart from regular practice. 他不願意背離常規 例：On this occasion we departed from our normal practice of holding the meetings in public. 這一次我們一反常規不舉行公開會議。 例：What is the departure time of the flight to New York? 飛往紐約的機什麼時間起飛？ 例：It is time to take our departure. 我們該走了。 例：His sudden departure form the political scene. 他突離開政壇。 例：The new policy represents a complete departure from their previous position. 新政策表明了他們已徹底背離原先的立場。 例：This is a new departure for the company. 這是公司的新變革。 7.embarkation (n) [C;U] 乘坐; 從事 embark (vi) (vt) to go , put, or take on a ship 上船；裝船； 使上船；裝船 embark on / upon (vt) to start (esp. Something new) 開始,著手, 從事（一種新事物） 類 launch (vi; vt ) [(+into)] 開始;積極投入;猛力展開 例：We embarked at Southampton and disembarked in New York a week later. 例：The ship embarked passengers and wool at an Australian port. 這艘船在澳大利亞的一個港口裝載了乘客和羊毛。 例：It’ s late in life to embark on a new career. 要開始一重新的生涯為時已晚。 例：The railways are about to embark on a major programme of modernization. 鐵路部門將要開始實施一大型的現代化規劃。 例：They embarked on a campaign to get people to vote 他們展開一場動員人們投票的運動 例：The ship embarked passengers and cargo. 那艘船載上乘客,裝上貨物 8.itinerary (n) a plan of a journery 旅行計劃；預定行程 例：Leave your itinerary so that we can reach you in case of emergency. 請把你的旅行計劃留下來,以便我們在遇到急事時和你取得聯繫 9.prohibit (vt) fml p.1200 (1) to forbid by law or rule ［根據法律或規則］禁止 (2)to prevent; make impossible 使不可能，阻止 prohibition (n) (1) [U] [+ of] the act of prohibiting something 禁止 (2) [C] [+against ] fml an order forbidding something ［正式］禁令，禁律 prohibitionist (n) 禁酒主義者；贊成禁酒者 prohibitive (a) 起阻止作用的，抑制性的 prohibitory (a)［正式］禁止（性）的，阻止性的 例：The government has put a prohibitive tax on foreign goods. 政府對外國貨徵收寓禁稅。 例：A prohibitory gesture 阻止的手勢 例：Smoking in this railway carriage is prohibited. 本列車車廂禁止吸熛。 例：We are prohibited from drinking alcohol during working hours. 工作時間內我們不得喝酒。 例：The price prohibited us from buying it. 這東西價錢太高，我們買不起。 10.valid (a) (1) (of a reason, argument, etc.) firmly based on what is true or reasonable; that can be defended (理由、論點等)正當的、 有根據的 類 tenable(學說等)站得住腳的,經得起批判的 (2) that can legally be used for a stated period or in certain condition 有效的 反義 invalid 無效的，過期的 (3) law written or done in a proper manner so that a court of law would agree with it ［律］具有法律力的；經過正當手續的 validate(vt) fml to make valid, esp. legally 使合法化；使生效 反 invalidate使無效、nullify (vt) 使無效;廢棄;取消 validity [ ] (n) [U] [+ of ] 正當;正確;確實; 【律】有效性;效力;合法性 validation [ ] (n) 批准;確認 例：a valid contract/ passport 具有法律效力的合同／有效的護照 例：The ticket is valid for one month. 這票子一個月內有效 例：A train ticket valid for three months 有效期為三個月的火車票 例：Her argument is valid. 她的論點是站得住腳的 例：A valid excuse for arriving late at work 上班遲到的正當理由 例：We should question the validity of those figures. 我們應當查詢那些數字的正確性 例：In order to validate the agreement , both parties sign it. 為使協議有效，雙方在上面簽了字。 11.forbid (vt) (1) to refuse to allow command against, esp. officially or with the right to be obeyed 禁止，不許 [+ V-ing] (2) fml to refuse to allow (someone) to have (something) ［正式］禁止（某人）擁有（某物） (3) to prevent 阻止；妨礙 forbidden (a) not allowed, esp. by law or rule 被禁止的 forbidden fruit (n) [U] 禁果，非法的歡樂（尤指偷情） forbidding (a) having a fierce, unfriendly, or dangerous appearance 樣子可怕的，令人生畏的；兇險的 forbiddingly (adv) 嚴峻地;令人生畏地 例：the law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers. 例：Smoking is forbidden during takeoff. 例：I forbid you to tell anyone. 我不淮你告訴任何人。 例：Lack of time forbids any further discussion at this point. 由於時間不夠， 這一時刻不容深入討論這個問題。 例：He forbade his children sweets because he didn’t want their teeth to be ruined. 例：It’s a rule of this club that religion and politics may not be talked about; they’re forbidden ground/ territory. 本俱樂部規，不得談論宗教與政治，這些都是禁止討論的領域。 例：She is very nice but because she has a forbidding manner she’s slow in making friends.她人很好，但度嚴峻，以不容易交上朋友。 例：The travelers’ way was blocked by a forbidding range of mountains. 旅行者的去路被形勢險惡的山巒阻擋住了。 12.retrieve (vt) (1)[＋from] usu. fml or tech to find and bring back; regain 收回，找回，耳回；重穫 (2)To put right; make up or (a mistake, loss, defeat, etc.) 更正（錯誤）；挽回（損失、敗局等）；挽回;彌補;挽救;糾正 (3)（狗）啣回 (4)【電腦】檢索,擷取(資訊) retrieval (n) [U] fml the act or process of retrieving （正式）找回， 收回，取回，重獲；檔案復原 retrievable (a) 可取回的;可恢復的 retriever (n) （經專門訓練會啣回擊落之久內的）中型獵犬 例：I went and retrieved the bag I had left on the train. 我去找回了我遺忘在火車上的手提包。 例：This computer can retrieve stored information in a matter of seconds. 這台電腦能夠在幾秒內檢出檢索出儲存的訊息。 例：Wreckage from the crashed plane was retrieved from the ocean. 從海中找到了失事飛機的殘骸。 例：She tried to retrieve the situation by making profuse apologies. 她不住口地道歉，力圖挽回局面。 例：The court ordered the retrieval of the confiscated funds. 法庭下令找回被沒收的款款。 例：A computerized retrieval system that will enable you to find the information you want within a few seconds. 能幫助你在幾秒鐘內獲得所需訊息的檢索系統 例：I’m afraid the situation is beyond retrieval/ past retrieval. 我看這種情況恐怕已無可挽回。 |
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