《靜思晨語。法譬如水》516. 同體大悲憐憫心

Universal Compassion

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我們在日常生活中可以平平安安，在衣、食、住、行等等之所需都不虞匱乏，我們應該要很知福。

In our daily living we are safe and do not lack clothing, food, housing or transportation. So, let us recognize those blessings.

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能得飽食者是福中人
當知飢餓乏糧缺食苦
應於是人中起大悲憫
同體大悲心人飢我飢

If we have full stomachs we are blessed. We must recognize our blessings. When we know that people are suffering from hunger and lack food, great compassion should arise. With universal compassion, we feel their hunger.

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所以我們要能夠－－「能得飽食者是福中人；當知飢餓乏糧缺食苦，應於是人中起大悲憫，同體大悲心人飢我飢。」

If we have full stomachs we are blessed. We must recognize our blessings. When we know that people are suffering from hunger and lack food, great compassion should arise. With universal compassion, we feel their hunger.

大家不知能否用這種心情來看大地苦難的眾生？對於苦難的眾生，有那種同體大悲的心嗎？

Can you view all suffering sentient beings with this heart of universal compassion?

我們日常生活中，衣、食、住、行都不虞匱乏，但在世間還有很多人，不管是因為天災所造成的斷糧、斷水、斷食，或是因為人禍所造成的貧窮與苦難，因而時時處在在飢餓的狀況當中，我們不知道能不能去體會這樣的人生是多苦？他們的生活是多麼的困難？在這樣的環境當中，他們要如何度日過生活？

We do not lack clothing, food, housing or transportation in our daily living. But many people have no food or water because of natural disasters, or live in poverty because of manmade calamities. They are starving. Can we understand how painful it is to live like that? Their lives are so difficult. How do they pass each day? How do they live?

所以我們要時時起憐憫心，我們要多想想那些苦難的人。在我們的生活中要克己、克勤、 克儉，看我們能不能幫助那些貧窮苦難的人渡過難關？只要人人付出一份愛心，對別人一定會有幫助。

So, we must always be compassionate. We must often think about those who suffer. So in our living, we must be disciplined, diligent and frugal, so that we can help the poor and suffering get through these difficulties. If everyone is willing to give a little love, that will certainly be helpful.

何況我們常常在說：「我們要知因、知果報。」因緣果報我們必定要相信，我們要相信佛陀所說的「因緣果報」。

Furthermore, we always talk about understanding karmic cause and effect. We must believe in karmic retribution, in the law of cause and effect Buddha taught us.

我們在人間若是不知道要好好修行，不知道培養「人傷我痛、人苦我悲」的心念；若是沒有培養這種心念，以為「來人間就是要享受，人間現在所擁有的都是我本來就應該要有的」，不肯去捨、去付出，看別人的苦難都覺得與自己無關，這種人生就是慳貪，這種的人生就是愚癡。

In this world, if we do not focus on our practice, we cannot develop this sense of feeling others' pain as our own. Without such a mindset, we think that we came to this world to enjoy ourselves. If we think everything is rightfully ours, if we refuse to let go and give, if we ignore others' suffering, that is a stingy and ignorant way of living.

所以我們要「福慧雙修」，我們不要有愚癡。我們要知道——我們要發揮智慧，人人都要培養這份智慧的覺悟，瞭解我們都是與天地人間共生息。天地若能風調雨順，人間人人都能平安、豐衣足食，就是我們的福。

So, we must cultivate both blessings and wisdom. We must not be ignorant. We know that we need to manifest our wisdom. We all live in this world, and are interconnected with everything. If the weather is favorable, everyone can be safe with enough clothing and food. This is our blessing.

所以我們要有「與天地人間共生息」的清淨念頭，要明白氣候如果不調和，人間就會斷糧、斷水、斷食，就沒有幸福的生活。我們要啟發智慧去體會人間疾苦，我們才能夠去付出、造福，這樣就叫做「福慧雙修」。

So, we are interconnected with everything in the world. If the climate is imbalanced, everyone will be poor and lack food. Then how can we be blessed? So, we all need to arouse our wisdom so we can understand illness and pain. Only then can we give and create blessings. Thus, we cultivate both blessings and wisdom.

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次復懺悔 餓鬼道中
長受飢渴 百千萬歲
不聞漿水之名罪報

Next we repent the Hungry Ghost Realm, where we starve and thirst for millions of years, where we do not even hear of broth or water as retribution.

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懺悔餓鬼 食噉膿血
糞穢罪報

We repent the Hungry Ghost Realm, where we eat pus and blood, feces and filth as retribution.

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接下來看的這段文和這個觀念有關－－「次復懺悔餓鬼道中，長受飢渴，百千萬歲，不聞漿水之名罪報。懺悔餓鬼，食噉膿血糞穢罪報。」

The next passage in the repentance text is related to this. "Next we repent the Hungry Ghost Realm, where we starve and thirst for millions of years, where we do not even hear of broth or water as retribution. We repent the Hungry Ghost Realm, where we eat pus and blood, feces and filth as retribution."

想看看，這段文也是很簡單，我們過去懺悔了地獄畜生的罪報，現在我們還要再懺悔。可能我們也做了餓鬼道的因，所以我們還要再虔誠懺悔，「懺悔餓鬼道中，長受飢渴。」

Think about it. This passage is also very simple. We already repented for the retributions of the Hell and Animal Realms. Now we should repent again. We repent because we may have also sowed the seeds for the Hungry Ghost Realm. Therefore, we need to sincerely repent the Hungry Ghost Realm where we starve and thirst.

長久以來都是受到肚子餓、沒水喝的苦報。這種斷糧、欠水的情景，這在現在的人間也是很多。「長受」就是時間很長久都在承受，尤其當我們若是在苦難當中時，那時會感到時間過得更長久。

For a long time, we have been hungry and bad nothing to drink. Not only is there no food, there is no water. We see this lack of food and water very often in our modern world. It has been around for a long time. In particular, during the periods of difficulty, the time feels like it goes by even slower.

目前現在的資訊很發達，我們能夠知道現在在地球上，已經開始在缺糧了。

Nowadays, with advanced communication technology, we are able to know when some part of the world is experiencing famine.

有一則報導，在亞洲的北韓，已經開始向外呼籲，呼籲請求國際慈善機構能夠幫助他們。

There was a report that North Korea was appealing to international charities for help and aid.

你們知道嗎?北韓人他們的自尊心狠強，他們說能夠戰死、能夠餓死、能夠病死也不會向外請求援助；之前慈濟到北韓去探查，想要去幫他們的時候，他們都是這樣說的。

Did you know that the North Koreans have a strong sense of pride? They say, " We will fight, starve, suffer to death, before we ask for outside help." In the past, when we helped them, this is what they would say.

而且，北韓的人都很勤勞，不是懶惰，但是無奈，這些天災；也是無奈有人禍造成的種種匱乏，還有過去南北韓戰爭的緣故，長期以來，南北韓戰爭、對立，造成天的不調和，氣候不調、人不合，所以人民受盡了苦難。

But we also saw that the people of North Korea were very diligent. They were not lazy. They were very hardworking, but they had no control over natural disasters, or over the manmade calamities that created the Korean War. These disasters created disharmony, disharmony in the climate and among the people. Thus the people experienced much suffering.

在二ＯＯ七年的八月間，又發生了水災，災難很大。我們很關心、很著急，想要去救援，但等看到這篇文字報導，知道已經晚了，受災受難到已經受災受難到需要向外求救了。所以我們在也收到了這封信，已經開始陸續在和他們聯絡當中，希望他們能夠提供更詳細的瞭解災情狀況，以及該如何進行人道援助。

In August (2007), there was a flood. It was a large disaster, and we were very worried, very concerned. We wanted to send relief teams. When we saw this article, we knew that North Korea was already experiencing famine, and was seeking aid from outside groups. Furthermore, we have already received a latter, and now we are in contact with them. We hope they can provide us with more details so we can understand and will be able to go there and help.

同時也感恩慈濟人，在波黎維亞，這個在南美洲罪為貧窮的國家，這個國家的貧富相當的懸殊，人民的平均所得一天不到一美元，貧窮困苦的人口佔了該國的百分之七十，另外百分之三十的人是比較富有的，這些富有的人的收入是貧窮的人的四十倍，也就是四十美元。從這樣就知道這個國家是多麼的貧窮。

I am also grateful to some Tzu Chi volunteers in Bolivia. Bolivia is the poorest country in South America. There is great disparity in wealth. On average, they earn less than US$1 a day. This applies to about 70 percent of the population. The other 30 percent are wealthier. They earn 40 times what the poor do. How much is 40 times more? US$40. So, we know this country is very poor.

該國的水道、地下水道都不通，稍微下個與就會淹水，時時都會發生災難；常常發生災難，人民也時時受苦。在去年（二ＯＯ七年）的十月發生了水災，慈濟人開始著手進行援助，開始結下這份緣。

Their aqueducts are obstructed, so every time it rains it is a disaster. Thus, there are often disasters. The people are always suffering. There was a flood in October (2007). We went to help them in November and thus we created this affinity.

這回，也就是去年（二ＯＯ七年）十一月份又發生大水災，那個水災非常的大，所以有三個國家的慈濟人會合起來，包括：阿根廷、巴拉圭、美國。而多數糧食、醫藥、用品、團體都是從美國直接過去，慈濟的義診團，也開始過去展開義診。

Then another big flood and disaster happened in November (2007). This was a large-scale disaster. So, Tzu Chi volunteers from three countries, Argentina, Paraguay, and the U.S., came together. Most of the food, goods and volunteers came from the U.S. Our free clinic group met in Bolivia and held a free medical outreach.

因為水災的關係，道路不通，路斷，所以運送的過程都很辛苦。公路不通，所以他們運送物資所走的路，是直接在火車的鐵軌上，用汽車運載物資在鐵路上跑，運送物資的人都處在很危險的狀況下。但是因為公路都斷了，只好跑在鐵路上。

With the roads blocked it was very difficult. So, they used the railroad tracks. They drove cars over the tracks to transport goods and people. It was dangerous! Many roads were cut off.

在路上還有很多尖尖的石頭會戳破車輪，看他們在那邊要運送物資都很辛苦。但慈濟人不遲勞苦的翻山過海，為了什麼呢？為了都是那些苦難人，心心念念都是為了要進行援助。

And while the cars drove over the tracks, sharp rocks punctured the tires. It was very hard work. Tzu Chi volunteers cross mountains and oceans. For what purpose? For those who are suffering.

人剛到的時候天氣很好，出大太陽，等到要發放的時候就下起了大雨。我們慈濟人有準備，就穿起了雨衣準備繼續發放。但是穿好雨衣之後，一轉身要繼續發放，看到那些災民要領物資的，人人都沒有離開，都還在那邊排隊，沒有雨衣可以穿，任憑雨淋。慈濟人看到那個狀況，在那邊也束手無策；慈濟人所帶著的雨衣已經穿著了，而看著還有這麼多人在雨中淋雨。怎麼辦呢？只有一個辦法，就是加快發放速度。

When they arrived to distribute goods it was sunny. The sun came out. But as they began their distribution, suddenly a heavy rain began falling. Tzu Chi volunteers put on rain ponchos to continue the distribution. After putting them on, they turned around and saw the refugees waiting for goods. None of them had left. They stayed in very neat lines as they were being rained on. We could not do anything about it. We had rain ponchos but what about all the people standing in the rain? There was just one thing to do distribute faster.

下面的路都是泥濘，上面又不斷地下著大雨，真的很辛苦。這樣的狀況還是要再繼續發放，這種情況看了真是讓人感到很不忍心。不只對於那些受災、受難、飢餓的人不忍心；對於慈濟人冒著那種危險困難，在雨中發放也讓人感到很不忍心。

The road turned to mud as the rain fell hard. But they did not care how difficult it was, they still continued distributing. Everyone, it was hard to watch something like this. On top of knowing that people were suffering from disasters and starvation, it was hard to watch Tzu Chi volunteers face such great danger and difficulties to carry out the relief distribution.

但一方面也為他們感到很歡喜，歡喜在人間還有這種大慈、大悲、大喜、大捨的人。慈濟宗門不就是這樣嗎？慈濟人都能夠大慈、大悲、大喜、大捨，不惜辛苦，保持著「人傷我痛、人苦我悲」的心念，大家已經都能夠從內心把「信、實、誠、正」的毅力拿出來，所以他們在那裡雨中發放。就算在車程當中有那麼多的危險，讓人感到很不忍心，但他們也都已經發放完了。大家也都覺得幸好已經發放完了，平安了。

But I was also happy for them. I was glad to see such great kindness, compassion, joy and giving. Isn't this the Tzu Chi School of Buddhism? Tzu Chi volunteers have these four qualities. They do not fear difficulty, and feel others' hunger as their own. They feel others' pain and suffering as their own. They demonstrate perseverance, faith, steadfastness, sincerity and integrity. So, they continued the distribution in the rain. The journey was so dangerous. I could not bear it. But they have already finished the distribution, and thankfully once it was over everyone was safe.

這就是我們應該要知道，受飢餓的人，那怕只是一天，感覺上也像是經歷了很長久的時間。所以在地獄當中受苦的時間，感覺又特別常，因為那份苦很難過。我們常常聽人說：「很難過、很難過。」「很難過」的意思就是很苦，非常苦，所以會很難過。看看他們在那個地方常受飢渴，有多久的時間？百千萬歲！時間很長，在這麼長的時間都在忍受飢餓。

See, we should know that for those who are starving, even a day feels like a very long time. So, time in Hell feels particularly long because it is hard to endure that suffering. Thus we often say, "It was a difficult time." A difficult time means that it was very painful, hard to get through it. So, in those places, they have long starved and thirsted. How long is very long? Millions of years. That is a long time to be hungry.

看看在波黎維亞或是北韓，那種斷食、斷糧的時日要怎麼過？所以在人間受到飢餓的時候，感覺上時間就過得很長，那尤其在餓鬼道中，則更是「不聞漿水之名罪報」。

Whether we are talking about Bolivia or North Korea, how do people live through those days? It is hard. In this world people also starve for long periods. In the Hungry Ghost Realm, "they do not even hear of broth or water as retribution."

在人間還有人間的菩薩，抱持著人道精神的人去關心、去幫忙，去送物資、送食、送糧、送水。但在餓鬼道中不但沒有糧食和水，甚至也沒聽過糧食和水的名稱，所以這也是一種罪報，就是「不聞漿水之名罪報」。

In the Human Realm there are Living Bodhisattvas, humanitarian groups to care for these people. They help and deliver goods. They give out food and water. But this does not happen in the Hungry Ghost Realm. Not only do they not have food and water, they do not even hear about them. This is also a form of retribution, not even hearing of broth or water as retribution.

還要「懺悔餓鬼食噉膿血糞穢罪報」。唉！這種罪報也真的很苦難！沒水、沒食，就只能相互殺害，吸食濃血，這實在是很殘酷。

Then we repent the Hungry Ghost Realm where we eat pus and blood, feces and filth as retribution. This is truly pitiable. There is no water or food, so in that realm they kill each other to drink the pus and blood. This is truly very cruel.

在人間也可以看到這種狀況，從前我也曾經說過，以前有一個人缺血，聽別人說缺血就要吃食血才能補；其中鰻魚的血是最補的。只有活著的鰻魚才會有血，所以他把鰻魚的頭釘著，讓血流出來，讓鰻魚的嘴對著自己的嘴，這樣嘴對嘴讓鰻魚的血滴入他口中。但鰻魚還活著，被釘著很痛苦，也會掙扎，而且鰻魚的表皮又很滑，所以手抓著的時候，一下子抓不住，手一滑，鰻魚就跑道他腹中去了。鰻魚還在他的腹中翻滾，結果他被送到醫院去急診，經過檢查，發現他的腸胃當中，很多地方都被鰻魚刺破了很多的洞。人間都還這種食噉濃血的愚癡行為，何況是在餓鬼道中呢！

We see this in the Human Realm, too. A while back I talked about a man who was anemic. Someone told him eel blood would be most helpful, especially from live eels. So, he bought an eel and stabbed it in the neck. He held the wound to his mouth and allowed the eel blood to drip into ti9s throat. After being stabbed, the eel was still alive and struggling. It was very slippery so as he grabbed it, it dove into his throat and continued to struggle in his stomach. He went to the emergency room. His intestines were perforated in many places by the eel's struggles. Everyone, this is eating pus and blood. Humans are already so ignorant, not to mention hungry ghosts. This is truly unbearably painful.

除了濃血以外，就是「糞穢」髒污的東西，餓鬼道中的眾生也是同樣在吃。慈濟人在居家訪視的時候，在幫他們環境，看到很多低智能、有智障的人，看到他的食物都長蟲了，問他：「你平常吃些什麼東西？」他就說：「我就是吃那些東西。」那些東西是什麼？把它翻開來看，上面長了很多的蟲。所吃的一堆東西，都是那些長出了蟲的東西。

Besides pus and blood, there are feces and filth, dirty things. We also see this in the world. Tzu Chi volunteers help the poor and suffering, and the handicapped or mentally deficient. When we help them clean, we see worms in their food. "What do you eat?" "I eat that." "What is it?" When we open the lid, we see worms. They still eat it.

很多這種情形，在這些苦難的家庭當中都可以看得到。慈濟人有這種愛心，菩薩所緣緣苦眾生，像這種眾生的家庭，慈濟人既然已經親眼所見，就會趕快去打掃，也幫他補充家庭需要，去為他補充些他應該可以吃得東西。

This is what our Tzu Chi volunteers have seen in many of these families. Tzu Chi volunteers' love connects them with suffering sentient beings. We see these suffering families first-hand so we help them clean, organize and stock up on household necessities. We help them stock up on food they can eat.

這就是在人間雖然他缺糧、缺食，但他應該也還有一些好的因緣，讓他雖然沒有福報，但他還會遇到像這樣在人間的貴人，生命中的貴人。這些貴人也知道要去幫助他，這就是雖然他受了這種苦，但有好緣才有可能得到貴人來幫助。

This in the Human Realm. They lack food, but if they have this affinity, they will meet their benefactor, who will help them. As they face this painful retribution, they still have some good and blessed affinities, so they can meet their benefactors in this world.

但我們能夠遇到像這樣需要幫助的家庭、苦難的眾生，能為他們付出的又能夠有多少？這種家庭在人間也不知還有多少？

How many people can we actually meet and help? We do not know how many people, how many families in this world are living like this.

不用說餓鬼道，不用說看得到我們才要相信。我們現在就要看到人間這些苦難，就應該要能夠相信，一定有這樣的餓鬼道。就要能夠自我反省，不要浪費，若是有浪費，要趕快懺悔。即使現在有得吃，省下一口飯，平常吃十分飽，現在我們只要吃到八分飽就好，八分飽是健康之道；留兩分去幫助別人。平常的浪費，是不是都要懂得要省下來，把這些省下來的集合起來，我們就可以為這麼多的國家、苦難人，為他們付出，讓他們離苦，這樣不知有多好。

So, we do not need to wonder if we can see these things in the Hungry Ghost Realm. There is no need to go there. But we have to believe that it certainly exists. So, we should reflect on ourselves right away. We have enough to eat. Are we wasteful? If we are, then we must repent at once. Even if we have enough, we can eat less. Instead of eating until we are stuffed, we eat enough to be 80 percent full. This a path to health. We can also save 20 percent to help others. We are usually wasteful. Shouldn't we save and collect those savings so we can help these many countries and all the people who are suffering? How great would that be?

所以我們還要不斷呼籲克己、付出，看看能不能免除人間還處在飢餓中、受災中的眾生的苦！

So, we have to continue to appeal to people to help prevent starvation and suffering.

所以我們要時時自我提醒。所以我們還要能懂得「同體大悲」，「人飢我飢」，「人傷我痛」，「人苦我悲」。所以我們人人都要警惕自己，懺悔浪費，我們要付出行動，否則餓鬼道的境界也離我們不遠。

So, we need to always realize universal compassion, that their hunger is ours. We feel their pain and suffering as our own. So, we must all be vigilant. We must always repent our wastefulness, and immediately take action. Otherwise, the Hungry Ghost Realm is not very far from us.

所以我們時時要多用心。

So everyone, please always be mindful.