中英翻譯翻譯社許多關於情感的研究－或是說更多技能性地正面和負面影響－在小我查詢拜訪中每分鐘分天都在改變，多是非聯貫的假設沒有騙人的話翻譯這個研究的主體也有傾向西方尚未結業的學生，總而言之他們不大能算是人道的代表。
Many studies of how moods — or翻譯社 more technically, positive and negative affect — change from minute to minute and day to day rely on self-reported surveys翻譯社 which can be inconsistent if not misleading. The subjects of these studies also tend to be undergraduate students from western colleges, a group that’s not always representative of humanity at large.
Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, a text analysis program that quantifies the emotional content of statements, Golder and co-author Michael Macy analyzed a total of 509 million tweets generated over two years by 2.4 million people in 84 countries.
Twitter users, of course, don’t represent humanity either. But the culture- and globe-spanning size of the software platform’s community, and their constant generation of data that can be cross-referenced and correlated and otherwise computationally investigated, make them alluring to researchers.
然而， Hasler說道：“必然要非常地小心揣度情感狀況，從一個高度相異的溝通模式下像是推特”人們常策略性的表達他們的設法主意，還有一種特別的情素也許過度或是不被表達出來。
直到近日，“還沒有任何現實的方式去觀查大規模人群的細部資料”。按照Golder，人群引發的資料設定闡發不會庖代其他方法，而是變得更完全，假設還沒有其他社會模組的查詢拜訪方式。
午時到下晝六點是正面情感最降低的時辰（我原以為午休時候會康樂一點，但想一想這是西方的研究，他們並沒有午休時候）翻譯
Hourly changes in average positive (top) and negative (bottom) affect, arrayed by time (X-axis) and day (color). (Golder et al./Science)
Citation: “Diurnal and Seasonal Mood Vary with Work, Sleep, and Daylength Across Diverse Cultures.” By Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy. Science, Vol. 333翻譯社 September 30翻譯社 2011.
“I applaud the creativity of the authors’ methods, and the ambitious scope of their sample,” said Hasler. “Now翻譯社 we need to address two questions that follow from this: Why do these daily patterns exist? And how can we use this knowledge to improve our own lives and those of others?”
這篇報道是說，由Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy所寫的研究報告顯現的圖表有很大的樣本數以及特殊性，而這個圖表很有趣，用X軸為時候；Y軸為情感積累，各類色彩的線各代表星期，翻可以看到天天正面情感和負面情感跟著時間而分歧，這個記者並找了另一位學者Hasler來評論他們所寫的報告，看完全篇報道只能說，這研究類的文章其實沒重點到不可，明明這張圖表就很是有趣，居然整篇文章也只有提到“正面感受在淩晨到達岑嶺，然後從工作開始降落又入手下手上升到一天竣事前；而負面感觸感染累積整周工作日然後到周五下午消弭很多。”，我本身來解讀以下：
固然情緒被日夜轉變和睡眠輪回安排是廣泛被接受的，其他情緒波動的研究卻有相異結果，特別是正面情感： single afternoon peak, a day-long plateau, 在中午或傍晚顯現高漲，或下戰書及晚上，下晝三點閣下降落．這些紛歧致或許是基於大部份新研究中被忽略的事實翻譯
An analysis of mood patterns distilled from half a billion tweets has produced a civilization-scale picture of how moods rise and fall in tandem, over time and across the world.
推特的資料探勘記載了全球情緒模組
------以下是小我心得------
負面情感不斷積累到過了午夜三點才會因為睡眠而快速下落（因為累了嗎？），但正面情緒從三鼓十二點就入手下手徐行下落。
一項從5億推特用戶過濾後的情感模組研究，呈現出情緒若何高漲到降低的連貫性的文明尺度，跨越時候及世界各地翻譯
周一及周二是整周負面情感最高的二天（幾近完全堆疊），但周二是整周正面情感起碼的一天，其實周二才是整周最無奈的一天而不是我們傳統以為的禮拜一。
The details seem intuitive: positive feelings peaking in the morning, dipping during work and rising at day’s end; negativity accumulated over the workweek dissipating late on Friday afternoon. But they’ve proved surprisingly tricky to measure.
Image: Golder et al./Science
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周日是整周平均最充滿正面情緒的一天，特別是周日上午到達岑嶺，但整周最高興的時候是要接近午夜十二點前的周六（下一個最開心是周五，第三名才是周日）。利用 Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count，一個文字分析的程式可以為敘述裡的字詞做定量分析，
推特的使用者天經地義的也不克不及成為人道的代表。
但推特的文化及全球化範圍的軟體平台的社群，和連氣兒性的資料可以交互參照、關連還有電腦數字化的調查，都對調查者來講具有吸引力。
“The findings are exciting翻譯社 particularly the robustness of the daily patterns in positive affect across vastly different geographical areas and cultures翻譯社” said Brant Hasler, a psychologist at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “A systematic daily pattern of positive mood is a fundamental part of human existence.”
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固然周六薄暮是正面情感的最高的時刻，但同時也是負面情感最高的時辰（這一點很有趣，我想或許是沒有行程的人在電腦前發出的怨念吧）。
以上文章的翻譯小弟盡力了呀,也許會有點意思上的差別翻譯社可以對比一下灰色字的原文。
“我向作者手藝的創意鼓掌，還有他們樣本數觀察的野心” Hasler說道翻譯“而今我們需要從這個材料提出二個問題：為何這些平常模組會存在？還有我們若何應用這些知識去改善我們的糊口或是其他方面？”
Twitter-Mining Captures Global Mood Patterns
最後的了局顯示－正面的情感在淩晨高漲但跟著時間衰退，整周都維持同時的峰值－乃至世界各地皆然翻譯
http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/09/twitter-global-mood/
援用自“Diurnal and Seasonal Mood Vary with Work, Sleep, and Daylength Across Diverse Cultures.”由 Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy所著於科學期刊2011.09.30翻譯社第333頁。
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上班日的負面情感在過了淩晨六點後保持平衡但跟著越晚越多，非上班日負面情感的情感波動低的比上班日低，高的也比上班日高（真是劇烈的週末）。
以時候(X軸)及日期(色彩)排序，平均時刻轉變下，正面(上方圖表)及負面(下方圖表)的感化
Golder和配合作者Michael Macy闡發了二年來84個國家裡240萬人總共5億9百萬的推文。
Golder說：“推特、臉書和市場交易平台ebay、亞馬遜：這就是天天的糊口”對於世界上大部分的人來講，“對於一個社會學者來講去處理這些數據是一個新奇的機遇”
By Brandon Keim September 29翻譯社 2011 | 2:30 pm | Categories: Brains and Behavior翻譯社 Tech
“There’s a whole generation of lab work that’s been inconclusive,” said sociologist Scott Golder of Cornell University翻譯社 co-author of the tweet analysis published Sept. 29 in Science. “Every study would have something different to say about what they saw in their subjects’ affective rhythms.”
細節由直覺看起來：正面感觸感染在早晨到達岑嶺，然後從工作起頭降落又開始上升到一天結束前；而負面感受積累整周工作日然後到周五下戰書消除很多。但這些圖表顯示的其實難以測定翻譯
“這些發現是令人興奮的，分外是正面影響逾越巨大的地輿及文化差別平常模組的穩定性” 匹茲堡醫學大學的心理學者Brant Hasler說道，“一個系統化的正面情感平常模組是人類存有的根本部分”
However, said Hasler翻譯社 “One must be very careful in extrapolating emotional state from a highly specific form of communication like Twitter.” People often present themselves strategically翻譯社 and periods of especially intense emotion might be over- or under-represented.
140種的腳色花樣也有可能誤導，減化形容詞的利用方式會給推供更多奧妙的情感指導， Hasler說道。
(翻譯)推特的資料探勘紀錄了全球情感模組
“Twitter and Facebook, market transactions on eBay and Amazon: This is the stuff of everyday life” for much of the world, said Golder. “For a social scientist to have access to these records is a fantastic new opportunity.”
康乃爾大學的社會學者Scott Golder 說：“全部實行室的工作變得很不確定性”，推特研究的共同作者在科學期刊9月29日發表“每個研究關於他們在對主體的感觸感染水平都有些不一樣”
The resulting trends — positive moods starting high in the morning and declining through the day, peaking overall on weekends — held steady around the world.
Though the proposition that mood is governed by circadian and sleep cycles is widely accepted, other studies of mood fluctuations have found varying patterns翻譯社 especially for positivity: A single afternoon peak, a day-long plateau, dual peaks at noon and evening or afternoon and evening, a mid-afternoon dip. Those discrepancies may be based largely on factors eliminated by the new study.
The 140-character format itself might also be misleading, reducing the use of adjectives that would give more nuanced indicators of emotional tone, Hasler said.
According to Golder, analysis of crowd-generated datasets isn’t intended to replace other methodologies, but to complement them, providing yet one more way of investigating social patterns. Until recently翻譯社 “there hasn’t been any practical way to observe large numbers of people in fine-grained detail,” he said.
By Brandon Keim September 29, 2011 | 2:30 pm | Categories: Brains and Behavior, Tech
來自: http://blog.sina.com.tw/759/article.php?entryid=614864有關各國語文翻譯公證的問題歡迎諮詢華碩翻譯公司02-23690932
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