H7N9, New Type of Avian Influenza And Prevention

閱讀暖身

禽流感又來了嗎？有了先前SARS的慘痛經驗，近來中國H7N9的疫情升溫，全球防疫緊繃。目前美國疾病控制和預防中心(CDC)已著手研發疫苗，台灣也正積極和中國連繫希望取得病毒株一同加入研發的團隊。在疫苗研發出來之前，如何預防此次的H7N9病毒，也只能優先參考過往預防SARS的方式比照辦理。

我們一起讀這篇新聞，進入本文前，請先想想以下單字：

(A) 監控

(B) 疫苗

(C) 檢疫證明

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 21 H7N9 cases have been reported in China as of 4/8. Seven of those who were infected died. After this unusual strain of bird flu was found in pigeons on sale in Shanghai, Chinese authorities killed more than 20,000 bird products, including chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons in the city to prevent the (1) spread of the deadly new virus. Not only does this directly affect the Chinese economy, it’s affecting Agribusiness in other countries all over the world as well.

根據世界衛生組織(WHO)，截至4/8止，收到匯報H7N9禽流感感染病例已有21件，其中七件個案已確認死亡。同時，為了防止此致死病毒繼續擴散，中國當局在上海發現了鴿子帶有此變種禽流感病毒後，撲滅了超過兩萬隻禽鳥類，包含雞隻、鴨、鵝、和鴿子。此舉不僅直接影響了中國的經濟發展，同時也影響到其他國家的農產業。

So far, no cases of human-to-human transmission of the H7N9 virus have been confirmed. The virus has not been shown to spread easily between humans. However, for safety reasons, more than 530 close contacts of the H7N9 patients have been (A) monitored.

到目前為止，還沒有人傳人的傳染案例出現。此H7N9病毒看來不容易在人群中散布開來。然而為了保險起見，超過530位曾和發病者接觸過的人已被隔離監控。

One of them (2) developed similar flu symptoms after having close contact with a patient who died of H7N9 virus, but was tested negative for H7N9. Recently, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is working closely with Chinese authorities trying to find the source of the human infections and to develop a (B) vaccine for this strain.

當中一位出現類似流感的症狀，並且曾和H7N9死者接觸，但已檢驗出對H7N9病毒呈陰性反應。近期，美國疾病控制和預防中心(CDC)和中國當局一同尋找人類感染的病毒來源與嘗試針對此變種病毒研發疫苗。

Before a vaccine of H7N9 is developed, experts recommend 4 DO NOT and 4 DO rules to the readers in order to prevent the infection.

在H7N9疫苗研發出來之前，專家建議遵守以下的防止感染4不要和4要規則。

4 DO NOT – 4不要

1. Do not touch: don’t touch the birds 不接觸：不接觸鳥類

2. Do not eat: don’t eat the chicken that died from illness 不食用：不食用病死雞肉

3. Do not buy: don’t buy anything without (C) quarantine certificate 不購買：不購買無檢疫證明之商品

4. Do not go: don’t go to high infection locations, such as the hospital, or the airport 不出入：不出入高感染場所，如醫院或機場

4 DO – 4 要

1. Have well-done food: boil the food before you eat 要熟食：煮熟再吃

2. Separate raw food and cooked food: to prevent cross-infection 要分食：避免交互感染

3. (3) Stay clean: wash hands often 要衛生：勤洗手

4. Strengthen the immunity system: exercise, and have great lifestyle 要加強免疫力：運動或擁有良好生活作息

口語詞彙

(1) Spread 蔓延、傳播、散布

spread可以是動詞也可以是名詞。使用spread表達散布，有遍及的意味在；也可使用片語spread out表示分佈、延伸。

例：The situation was complicated by the spread of a serious forest fire. 因一場嚴重的森林大火的蔓延，導致情況複雜。

(2) develop 發(燒)

一般我們習慣把develop用在發展經濟、產品或想法。發燒或者生病時候出現某些症狀，也用develop。例如

• develop a fever是指「有發燒症狀」。
• 培養對某件事情的興趣，可以說develop an interest in something。
• 養成閱讀習慣，用develop the habit of reading。

(3) Stay clean 保持清潔

Stay有留下、待著的意思；後面加上形容詞，便有保持、維持的意思。

例：The weather changes a lot during this week. Stay Healthy! 這周天氣變化很大，記得保持健康！

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