(Retiredbum notes: I have had the book since it was first published, but I haven't yet to read it. What a pity. I should have taken Ms. Chi's course, at least being an auditor, if I were in the college again, although I was not a student of the Department of Foreign Literature. Anyway, I still have the chance to be her "私淑弟子". As to Ms. Chen's comments towards the book, I have some of my own.)
陳文茜:每個人都該閱讀「巨流河」
2014年02月08日00:11
日本正在變形中。首相安倍計劃修憲推動二戰以來最大的軍隊角色改變;文部大臣下村博文宣佈,繼中學教科書後小學教科書也將把尖閣諸島(釣魚台)、竹島(韓國稱獨島)明確寫入日本「固有領土」。或許這些你不驚訝,近日許多台灣人喜歡泡溫泉的觀光勝地日本鹿兒島,居然向聯合國申請333件神風特攻隊隊員之遺書、信件等,應尊榮地列為世界非物質文明遺產。
這不只是瘋狂,簡直到了匪夷所思、毫無廉恥的地步。其作為好比今日德國總理默克決定將希特勒最後自殺之槍支、碉堡、文件列為世界遺產,而且公然向聯合國提出申請。
台灣與日本關係密切,日本文化深深影響台灣老、中、青三代(Yes, it is. Please see my previous writing "Praise for Taiwanese Kamikaze Pilots Died for Japan?" at http://blog.udn.com/kkuo0810/10789587 , so disgusting! );但日本文化之美、禪寺庭園的意境並非日本的全部。我們對這個民族的理解其實非常淺薄,恐怕撰述日本的作家也相當疑惑崇尚枯山水木的民族,如何從「大和」變成「侵略」?如何從茶道式的拘謹,躍為「南京大屠殺」「神風特攻隊」的瘋狂?(Retiredbum notes: The mindset so emanates from the release of human nature which has been distorted and oppressed by the extremely pent-up collectivism. A Japanese gentleman would piss on the street when he just had cups of sake, let alone what he would do during the war.)
「神風特攻隊」又名「神風敢死隊」。它是二戰後期日本海軍中將大西瀧治郎首倡為力挽日軍劣勢,「太陽旗之子」「一人、一機、一旅換一艦」自殺攻擊美國海軍艦艇的瘋狂戰略。這種自殺式襲擊比目前伊拉克、阿富汗經常出現的自殺炸彈恐怖攻擊更恐怖;其名稱「神風」源自元朝忽必烈東征日本時,海上突如其來滅元軍的神奇狂風。1944年神風特攻下47艘盟軍艦船被擊沉,特攻隊約四千名隊員喪生。飛行員開著滿載炸藥與燃油的飛機,高速飛行衝向龐大的美國艦隊;此時飛行器有若一枚精準的導彈,衝向體積不成比例的航空母艦,瞬間爆炸引燃的火球,正如日本國旗火熱的太陽。(No wonder US solders' slogan during Pacific War was "The best Jap is a dead one!".)
多數台灣人理解的日本,只是日本太陽旗的白,而非中間炙熱火紅的太陽。它毫不遮掩的紅,至今仍燃燒著某些日本人的靈魂。
二戰之後近70年,台灣人的足跡深入日本每一個鄉間,美瑛的稻田、哲學之道的柳樹、悲劇之美的櫻花,Sakura、Sakura…70年來日本仍如謎;也因此近兩年日本的政治變形,多數人只選擇性歸諸於「少數政客作為」。(Retiredbum notes: Deep down in Japanese they thought China's victory over Japan in World War Two had been just a fluke, and Japan lost to US only, not China. So they still coveted Taiwan, and stupid Taiwanese hybrids pandered to Japan's pipedream. Wake up, Jap and the islanders, even an industrialized Japan, who also had Korea, Manchuria and Taiwan in his hands, failed to beat an agricultual, medieval state of China eighty years ago, how could it succeed now? Think it over from a broader, macro-historical way. All China has to do now is to keep close watch on Japan, nothing else. How about Taiwan? Be aimless and self-indulgent still? I don't bother to give a damn.)
但不管你是否傾慕日本文化,我們必須承認:日本今天的右傾變形並非少數現象,而是相當多數日本人潛意識的感情。日本,並非台灣人想像中的日本。
「巨流河」一書,填補我們理解日本。此書於2009年出版,恰逢1949大遷徙60周年,書剛出版時,重點因此被放在1945-1950那一段時日。但這本書我認為寫的最好的是作者的青春和戰爭轟炸交錯的回憶。齊邦媛80歲提筆,夜裡回憶流淚書寫,共五年,花了雙眼,抖了手,始完成巨著。書如堆疊之枯葉,每個段落都是中國人的哀痛!風一吹起,循書回到那個年代,逃難的火車一過燧道,刷下幾十條生命:船裝不下人跳板斷裂,又是一群人的訣別。
我於春節前專訪齊邦媛老師,她嘆 「我以虔誠之心寫那個年代犧牲、不投降、被屠殺、被迫接受國府焦土政策、眼看家園大火燒個兩天兩夜的小人物們,他們一無所有,最終換來了所謂的勝利。我們這些活下來的人,等於竊取了他人的生命。」在昏天暗地的狂歡中,齊邦媛哭泣度過勝利之夜。
70年過去了,2014年2月初,日本首相安倍於參議院公開表態:日本今日所作這一切將有利於日本青少年未來「理直氣壯」地闡述日本應有的立場。日本如此氣壯,誰該為我們填補1931到1945,一段長達14年日本侵略中國以及半個亞洲導致人民血淚流離的歷史?如果日本人已急切地為「神風特攻隊」申遺,那誰又該為那一段屠殺侵史「申遺」,申請我們至少知曉?不遺忘?
每個人都該閱讀「巨流河」。
P.S. I happened to read from today's China Times that Ms. Chi published a new book yesterday, and she has been 90 of age now. Happy birthday and long live, Ms. Chi.