網路城邦
上一篇 回創作列表 下一篇   字體:
DHEA 脫氫表雄甾酮 情色男女的泉源
2007/08/30 18:52:45瀏覽2152|回應0|推薦0

DHEA 脫氫表雄甾酮  情色男女的泉源

DHEA是人體的天然荷爾蒙,做為男性與女性荷爾蒙的前驅物質。體內DHEA的含量在2030歲時達到高峰,然後隨著年齡逐漸減少。到70歲時,體內DHEA的含量大概只有年輕時的20%。

DHEA的全名是Dehydroepiandrosterone,是一種人體腎上腺分泌的荷爾蒙。

DHEA可視為男性與女性性腺荷爾蒙的前驅物。人體30歲以後體內DHEA的分泌會逐漸減低,尤其在厭食症、末期腎病、第二型糖尿病、愛滋病、腎上腺機能不全和重病患者特別低。有些藥物如胰島素、類固醇、鴉片,也會耗損DHEA

DHEA對腎上腺機能不全、憂鬱症、引產、紅斑性狼瘡的治療已經有十分充足的證據。

長期服用DHEA的效果仍無確切的研究報告,但是理論上可能會增加攝護腺、乳房、卵巢和其他與荷爾蒙相關癌症的機率。因此DHEA必須由醫師評估後再服用。美國共和黨總統候選人馬侃在20073月聯名提出一項將DHEA列入藥物的法案,加拿大則已經將DHEA列為處方藥品。

關於DHEA的醫學用途,具有良好醫學證據的有:腎上腺機能不全、憂鬱症、肥胖、紅斑性狼瘡。

醫學證據還不是十分明確(可能有效)的有:阿茲海默症、骨質疏鬆症、心血管疾病、子宮頸癌、慢性疲勞症候群、古柯鹼戒斷、極重症、克隆氏症、愛滋病、更年期疾患、引產、不孕症、乾癬、類風濕性關節炎、精神分裂症、敗血病、性功能減退、修格蘭氏症候群、皮膚老化等。

還有一些尚缺醫學證據(可能沒有效)的用途:肌肉纖維痛症、加強免疫力、增進記憶力、增加肌力。

DHEA在理論上的用途則有:抗老化、厭食症、糖尿病、高血壓、神經退化症、創傷後壓力症候群、皮膚移植癒合、睡眠障礙、潰瘍性大腸炎、病毒性腦炎、、、等。

建議劑量下DHEA的副作用極少,青春痘大概是最常見的。在極罕見的情況下,有心律不整、凝血功能不良的病例,本來就有這些問題的人,不建議服用DHEA。肝功能不好的也最好不要用。由於DHEA基本上還是一種荷爾蒙,過量服用會產生荷爾蒙的副作用。理論上有攝護腺癌、乳癌或卵巢癌風險因子高的人,不要服用DHEA 

在嚴重燒傷的皮膚上塗抹DHEA,可以保護燒傷皮膚下面的血管。關於DHEA如何作用確切的機制並不清楚,但應該與其抗發炎作用有關。

DHEA會阻止血管殺手腫瘤壞死因子tumor necrosis factor (TNF)的作用,同時抑制破壞過程,延長修復。 

DHEA 是腎上腺產生的雄性激素。 在體內,DHEA 轉化為其他激素,如睪固酮、雌激素、黃體酮或皮質醇。 一些天然產品包括作為 DHEA 來源的野生山藥。 DHEA-S(3-硫酸去氫表雄酮)是 DHEA 的代謝前體,可轉化為 DHEA,反之亦然。 眾所周知,DHEA 水平會隨著年齡的增長而降低,尤其是在 40 歲之後,但最早可能在 20 至 30 歲之間。

· 延緩衰老抗老化

· 改善記憶力 增強記憶力

· 刺激性慾/增加性慾 刺激性慾

· 緩解憂鬱症

· 增強能量增能量

· 促進減肥助減重

· 增強肌肉質量/增加力量 增肌和力量

由於 DHEA 水平隨著年齡的增長而下降(最多下降 90%),並且是睪固酮和雌激素的直接前體,因此它經常被宣傳為「青春之泉」類型的補充劑。 該理論認為,透過提高血液 DHEA 水平,可以提高性荷爾蒙水平,並可以緩解一些與老化相關的疾病。 肌肉萎縮、骨質流失、力量和耐力喪失以及性慾降低等情況可能是補充 DHEA 的潛在目標。

每天服用 50 – 100 毫克的 DHEA 補充劑已被證明可以增加肌肉質量並改善一組 40-70 歲的受試者服用補充劑 6 個月的整體幸福感。 另一項小型研究(9 名老年男性)顯示,補充 5 個月的 DHEA(50 毫克/天)與免疫系統功能標記(淋巴細胞、自然殺手細胞和免疫球蛋白)的改善之間存在關聯。 多項研究表明,在定期補充 DHEA(50-100 毫克/天)後,血清睪固酮水平會增加。

FDA 於 1996 年禁止將 DHEA 作為治療藥物銷售,直到其安全性和價值得到審查。 市場上作為膳食補充劑的 DHEA 產品受到 1994 年法律《膳食補充劑健康和教育法案》(DSHEA) 的監管。 儘管很難顯示 DHEA 補充劑的明顯副作用,但一些出版物提出了關於激素分佈改變、肝臟異常、癌症風險增加(男性前列腺癌和女性乳腺癌)和其他類固醇樣作用(面部毛髮增加、痤瘡、情緒波動)。 由於 DHEA 會轉化為睪固酮,因此有人擔心男性長期使用可能會加重前列腺增生,甚至促進前列腺癌。 在與高劑量 DHEA 補充劑相關的潛在副作用中,女性男性化可能是由於睪固酮水平升高所致,而男性乳房發育可能是由於雌激素水平升高所致。 由於這些潛在的副作用,DHEA 劑量應限制在每天 25 至 100 毫克之間。 如果您服用 DHEA,您應該告知您的醫生。 值得注意的是,儘管此類擔憂當然是可能且合乎邏輯的,但它們只是可疑的風險 - 這可能不適用於所有可能從 DHEA 補充劑中獲益的個人。

DHEA 補充劑往往相對便宜,並且可以從許多製造商處獲得。 然而,最近的出版物分析了市場上的幾種 DHEA 產品,發現補充劑標籤上註明的 DHEA 含量與產品中實際含量有巨大差異。 實際存在的 DHEA 範圍超過 150% 至零。 在分析的 16 種產品中,只有 7 種 (44%) 的 DHEA 含量在典型藥品規格範圍內,即標籤聲稱的 90-110%。 其餘產品中,1 種產品未檢出 DHEA,另外 2 種產品檢出微量 DHEA。 後兩種被標記為含有天然存在的 DHEA,但標籤上沒有註明具體含量。 這項發現強調了從信譽良好的製造商那裡選擇補充劑的重要性,您可以信賴他們可以進行充分的品質控制和成分分析。

有效劑量範圍為每天 50-100 毫克,取決於所調查的病情。 根據目前 50 毫克劑量的正面結果以及可能與過量補充 DHEA 相關的不良反應,每天 50 毫克的每日劑量似乎是合理的。 注意:競技運動員應意識到補充 DHEA 可能會改變睪固酮-表睪固酮比率,使其超過國際奧委會 (IOC) 和 NCAA 在睪固酮興奮劑篩檢中規定的 6:1 限制。


DHEA is an androgenic hormone produced in the adrenal glands. In the body, DHEA is converted into other hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, progesterone or cortisol. Some natural products include wild yams as a source of DHEA. A metabolic precursor to DHEA, DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone-3-sulfate) can be converted to DHEA and vice versa. DHEA levels are known to decrease with age - particularly after the age of 40, but perhaps as early as ages 20 - 30. 

·  Slows aging 抗老化

·  Improves memory 增強記憶

·  Stimulates libido/increases sex drive 刺激性慾

·  Alleviates depression 緩解憂鬱

·  Boosts energy 增能量

·  Promotes weight loss 助減重

·  Builds muscle mass/increases strength 增肌肉和力量

Because DHEA levels decline with age (up to 90% reduction) and functions as a direct precursor to testosterone and estrogen, it is often promoted as a "fountain of youth" type of supplement. The theory is that by boosting blood DHEA levels, sex hormone levels can be elevated and some of the conditions associated with aging can be alleviated. Such conditions as muscle wasting, bone loss, loss of strength and endurance and reduced sex drive may be potential targets for DHEA supplementation. 

DHEA supplements, at 50 – 100 mg per day, have been shown to increase muscle mass and improve overall feelings of well-being among a group of 40-70 year old subjects who took the supplements for 6 months. Another small study (9 elderly men) showed a link between 5 months of DHEA supplementation (50mg/day) and improvements in markers of immune system function (lymphocytes, natural killer cells and immunoglobulins). Several studies have shown an increased serum testosterone levels following regular DHEA supplementation (50-100mg/day). 

The FDA banned the sale of DHEA as a therapeutic drug in 1996 until its safety and value could be reviewed. DHEA products on the market as dietary supplements are regulated under a 1994 law, the dietary supplement health and education act (DSHEA). Although it is difficult to show clear side effects from DHEA supplements, several publications have raised concerns regarding of altered hormone profiles, liver abnormalities, increased cancer risk (prostate in men and breast in women) and other steroid-like effects (increased facial hair, acne, mood swings). Since DHEA is converted into testosterone, there have been concerns that chronic use in men might worsen prostate hyperplasia or even promote prostate cancer. Of the potential adverse effects associated with high dose DHEA supplements, virilization in women may result from increased testosterone levels, while gynecomastia may result in men from an elevation in estrogen levels. Because of these potential adverse effects, DHEA dosages should be limited to between 25 and 100 milligrams daily. If you take DHEA, you should inform your physician. It is important to note that although such concerns are certainly possible and logical, they are only suspected risks - which may not apply for all individuals who may derive benefits from DHEA supplements. 

DHEA supplements tend to be relatively inexpensive and widely available from a number of manufacturers. A recent publication, however, analyzed several DHEA products on the market and found a dramatic difference between the amount of DHEA stated on the supplement label and the amount actually present in the product. The range of actual DHEA present was over 150% to zero. Only 7 of the 16 products (44%) analyzed were found to have a DHEA content within the typical pharmaceutical product specifications of 90-110% of the labeled claim. Of the remaining products, no DHEA was detected in 1 product, and trace amounts were detected in 2 other products. The latter 2 were labeled as containing naturally occurring DHEA, with no specific amount indicated on the label. This finding underscores the importance of choosing your supplements from a reputable manufacturer that you can trust to perform adequate quality control and ingredient analysis. 

Effective doses have ranged from 50-100 mg per day, depending on the condition under investigation. Based on the current positive findings with 50-mg dosages and the adverse effects that may be associated with excessive DHEA supplementation, a daily dose of 50 mg per day seems reasonable. NOTE: Competitive athletes should be aware of the potential for DHEA supplementation to alter the testosterone-epitestosterone ratio so it exceeds the 6:1 limit set by both the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and NCAA in their screening for testosterone doping.

( 知識學習科學百科 )
回應 推薦文章 列印 加入我的文摘
上一篇 回創作列表 下一篇

引用
引用網址:https://classic-blog.udn.com/article/trackback.jsp?uid=jackwang4664&aid=1198856