| Teacher: Meg, Volunteer: Mei, Teacher Volunteer:Sue Ann and George Teacher: Fu .Computer, Ellen.
 Thursday, Deceember 10, 2014. homework.(Taiwan.)
 (2014/12/10). L.A.R.A.Lafayette
   L.A.R.A.Lafayette Adult Resource Academy |
|---|
On Thursday, December 10 2014, this lesson was my homework doing in Taiwan.Peer Interview
Transition
Transition Words and Phrases.轉變，變遷；變革[（+from/to）]
Transition Words and Phrases This structured list of commonly used English transition words — approximately 200, can be considered as quasi complete. It can be used (by students and teachers alike) to find the right expression. English transition words are essential, since they not only connect ideas, but also can introduce a certain shift, contrast or opposition, emphasis or agreement, purpose, result or conclusion, etc. in the line of argument. The transition words and phrases have been assigned only once to somewhat artificial categories, although some words belong to more than one category. There is some overlapping with preposition and postposition, but for the purpose of clarity and completeness of this concise guide, I did not differentiate.
1. Agreement / Addition / Similarity. 協議/添加/相似
The transition words like also, in addition, and, likewise, add information, reinforce ideas, and express agreement with preceding material.
in the first place
not only ... but also
as a matter of fact
in like manner
in addition
coupled with
in the same fashion / way
first, second, third
in the light of
not to mention
to say nothing of
equally important
by the same token |
首先
不僅......還
事實上
在喜歡的方式
此外
加上
以同樣的方式/方法
第一，第二，第三
本著
更何況
沒什麼好說的
同樣重要
出於同樣的原因 |
again
to
and
also
then
equally
identically
uniquely
like
as
too |
再次
到
和
還
然後
一樣
相同
獨特地
如
如
太 |
moreover
as well as
together with
of course
likewise
comparatively
correspondingly
similarly
furthermore
additionally |
而且
以及
加上
當然
同樣
相對
相應地
同樣
此外
另外 |
2. Opposition / Limitation / Contradiction. 反對派/限制/矛盾
Transition phrases like but, rather and or, express that there is evidence to the contrary or point out alternatives, and thus introduce a change the line of reasoning (contrast).
although this may be true
in contrast
different from
of course ..., but
on the other hand
on the contrary
at the same time
in spite of
even so / though
be that as it may
then again
above all
in reality
after all |
雖然這可能是真實的
相反
來自不同
當然...，但
另一方面
反之
同時
儘管
即便如此/雖然
是因為它可能
話又說回來
首先
在現實中
畢竟 |
but
(and) still
unlike
or
(and) yet
while
albeit
besides
as much as
even though |
但
（和）仍
不像
或
（和），但
而
儘管
除了
盡可能
即使 |
although
instead
whereas
despite
conversely
otherwise
however
rather
nevertheless
nonetheless
regardless
notwithstanding |
雖然
代替
而
儘管
反過來
否則
然而
寧
雖然
儘管如此，
無論
雖然 |
3. Cause / Condition / Purpose. 原因/條件/用途
These transitional phrases present specific conditions or intentions.
in the event that
granted (that)
as / so long as
on (the) condition (that)
for the purpose of
with this intention
with this in mind
in the hope that
to the end that
for fear that
in order to
seeing / being that
in view of |
在該事件
授予（即）
為/，只要
對（所）條件（即）
起見
有此意
考慮到這一點
在希望
到結束該
生怕
為了
眼看/在於
鑑於 |
If, ... then
unless
when
whenever
while
because of
as
since,conj. 連接詞
while
lest |
如果， ...然後
除非
什麼時候
每當
而
由於
如
因為
而
免得 |
in case
provided that
given that
only / even if
so that
so as to
owing to
inasmuch as
due to |
如果
前提是
鑑於
只/即使
以便
以便
由於
因為如
由於 |
4. Examples / Support / Emphasis. 例子/支持/重點
These transitional devices (like especially) are used to introduce examples as support, to indicate importance or as an illustration so that an idea is cued to the reader.
in other words
to put it differently
for one thing
as an illustration
in this case
for this reason
to put it another way
that is to say
with attention to
by all means
important to realize
another key point
first thing to remember
most compelling evidence
must be remembered
point often overlooked
to point out
on the positive / negative side
with this in mind |
換句話說
換種方式
一件事
作為說明
在這種情況下
為此原因
換一種方式
也就是說
同時注意
通過各種手段
重要的是要認識到
另一個關鍵點
第一件事要記住
最有力的證據
必須記住
一點往往被忽視
要指出
在正/負側
考慮到這一點 |
notably
including
like
to be sure
namely
chiefly
truly
indeed
certainly
surely
markedly
especially
specifically
expressively
surprisingly
frequently
significantly |
特別是
含
如
可以肯定的
亦即
主要
真
的確
當然
定
明顯地
尤其
特別是
意味深長地
出奇
頻繁
顯著 |
in fact
in general
in particular
in detail
for example
for instance
to demonstrate
to emphasize
to repeat
to clarify
to explain
to enumerate
such as |
事實上
大體
特別是
詳細
例如
例如
證明
強調
重複
澄清
說明
枚舉
例如 |
5. Effect / Consequence / Result. 影響/後果/結果
Some of these transition words (thus, then, accordingly, consequently, therefore, henceforth) are time words that are used to show that after a particular time there was a consequence or an effect.
Note that for and because are placed before the cause/reason. The other devices are placed before the consequences or effects.
as a result
under those circumstances
in that case
for this reason
in effect |
其結果
在這些情況下
在這種情況下
為此原因
有效 |
for
thus
because the
then
hence |
為
從而
因為
然後
故 |
consequently
therefore
thereupon
forthwith
accordingly
henceforth |
所以
因此
於是
立刻
從而
今後 |
6. Conclusion / Summary / Restatement. 結論/概述/重述
These transition words and phrases conclude, summarize and / or restate ideas, or indicate a final general statement. Also some words (like therefore) from the Effect / Consequence category can be used to summarize.
as can be seen
generally speaking
in the final analysis
all things considered
as shown above
in the long run
given these points
as has been noted
in a word
for the most part |
可以看出
一般來說
歸根結底
所有的事情考慮
如上所示
從長遠來看，
考慮到這些點
如已經指出的
在一個字
大多 |
after all
in fact
in summary
in conclusion
in short
in brief
in essence
to summarize
on balance
altogether
overall
ordinarily
usually |
畢竟
事實上
綜上所述
結論
簡而言之
在短暫的
在本質上
總結
總的來說
共
總體
平常
平時 |
by and large
to sum up
on the whole
in any event
in either case
all in all
Obviously
Ultimately
Definitely |
總的來說
總結
總體上
在任何情況下
在這兩種情況下
總而言之
明顯
最終，
無疑 |
7. Time / Chronology / Sequence. 時間/年表/序列
These transitional words (like finally) have the function of limiting, restricting, and defining time. They can be used either alone or as part of adverbial expressions
at the present time
from time to time
sooner or later
at the same time
up to the present time
to begin with
in due time
as soon as
as long as
in the meantime
in a moment
without delay
in the first place
all of a sudden
at this instant
first, second
immediately
quickly |
在目前的時間
時
遲早
同時
到現在的時間
開始與
在適當的時候
立刻
只要
同時
一會兒
及時
首先
一下子
在這個時刻
第一，第二
馬上
很快 |
>after
later
last
until
till
since
then
before
hence
since
when
once
about
next
now
formerly
suddenly
shortly |
後
後
最後
直到
直到
因為
然後
前
故
因為
什麼時候
一旦
大約
下一個
現在
從前
突然
不久 |
henceforth
whenever
eventually
meanwhile
further
during
in time
prior to
forthwith
straightaway
by the time
whenever
until now
now that
instantly
presently
occasionally |
今後
每當
終於
與此同時
進一步
中
及時
之前
立刻
馬上
到...的時候
每當
到目前為止
現在
即刻
目前
偶爾 |
Many transition words in the time category (consequently; first, second, third; further; hence; henceforth; since; then, when; and whenever) have other uses. Except for the numbers (first, second, third) and further they add a meaning of time in expressing conditions, qualifications, or reasons. The numbers are also used to add information or list examples. Further is also used to indicate added space as well as added time.
8. Space / Location / Place. 空間/位置/地點
These transition words are often used as part of adverbial expressions and have the function to restrict, limit or qualify space. Quite a few of these are also found in the Time category and can be used to describe spatial order or spatial reference.
in the middle
to the left/right
in front of
on this side
in the distance
here and there
in the foreground
in the background
in the center of
adjacent to
opposite to |
在中間
到左/右
在...前面
在這方
在遠處
在這裡和那裡
在前景
在後台
在中心
毗鄰
相反 |
here
there
next
where
from
over
near
above
below
down
up
under |
這裡
那裡
下一個
哪裡
從
以上
近
以上
下面
向下
向上
下 |
further
beyond
nearby
wherever
around
between
before
alongside
amid
among
beneath
beside
behind
across |
進一步
外
附近的
哪裡
周圍
之間
前
並肩
中
其中
下面
旁
背後
橫過 |
And, but, for, nor, or, so, and yet — are the seven coordinating conjunctions.
To remember them, the acronym FANBOYS can be used.
有七個並列連詞。 記住它們的首字母縮寫粉絲們可以用
F = for
A = and
N = nor
B = but
O = or
Y = yet
S = so
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