a.    
代名詞。代名詞通常會念的比較輕，he, her, him, his這些代名詞除非在句首，h音常被省略掉，his, her, their, our等母音通常都念的很短很輕。

I met him.  You know her. 
They saw you. She phoned me. He likes them. We found it. I met his wife.
They read my book. He knows their son. We called their friends. She hates her
job. You need our help. (B63)

b.    
縮寫。代名詞跟助動詞經常會以縮寫方式一起念，如：I’ll, I’ve, He’s, They’re, We’ve等。

I’ll ask her. (like Alaska) I’m coming. He’s
finished. They’re hungry. We’ve seen him. She’s angry. (B64)

c.    
連音：子音接母音。口語常常會把一些音連在一起，增加了聽力的困難度。當一個字的字尾是子音，下一個字的子首是母音時，可想做該子音是下個母音的第一個字母，連在一起發音。

Got up at eight, Got on a bus, Went into work,
Worked until two, Went out for lunch, Worked until six, Back on the bus,
Switched on the box, Slept in a chair. (B86)

d.    
連音：兩個母音。當一個字的字尾是母音，下一個字的字首也是母音時，假如第一個字的字尾音是類似 /ɪ/ 的音時，會加  /j/ 在下一個母音前。假如第一個字的字尾音是類似 /u/或
/ʊ/ 的音時，會加  /w/ 在下一個母音前。

沒有 /j/ 或/w/ 的音       有 /j/ 或/w/ 的音

every toe                       
every ear

he saves                        
he earns

you drank                    
you ache

you hurt      (B90)             

Ex: two or three, three
or two

1. grey and blue   2. You and me  3. Where or why  4 you or her 

5. Here or away (B92)

e.    
連音：兩個子音。當一個字的字尾是子音，下一個字的字首也是子音時，第一個字尾的子音常會受下個子音影響。如：greet guest跟Greek guest 聽起來會相同。最常受倒影響的是尾音/d/, /t/, /n/。/d/跟/t/有時甚至會省略掉。如：asked questions, mixed point

I’ve got a bad cold.          We had a badyear.

They shot bears.              Theyshot cats.

What’s your son called?    My son made this.