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德不孤必有鄰?我們的鄰居跑去那裡了(上):親愛的孔夫子
2010/05/31 18:09:45瀏覽833|回應2|推薦1

                                                          敦煌星象圖部份:Credit and Copyright: J.-M. Bonnet-Bidaud        

                                                          (CEA, Saclay), F. Praderie (Obs. Paris) S. Whitfield (British Library)

 

2009年,全球壟罩在金融風暴陰霾底下,地面黯淡,天空卻是星光燦爛。

為了紀念1609伽利略首次用望遠鏡進行天文觀測400週年,由國際天文

聯合會(The International Astronomical Union, IAU)與聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)

推動的2009全球天文年」(International Year of Astronomy 2009.IYA2009)

主題是「我的宇宙,我來探索!」(The Universe, Yours to  Discover.),全球

共有超過150個國家與國際組織熱烈響應。這位當年被宗教裁判所判為異

端,人生最後十年在軟禁下度過的「現代科學之父」,史蒂芬·霍金說:

「自然科學的誕生要歸於伽利略,他這方面的功勞大概無人能及。」

2009全球天文年主題曲:Shoulders of Giants歌詞裡「that on the  Shoulders

of Giants....... we'll see beyond!... we'll stand on the Shoulders of Giants (Galileo  knew)

唱出對伽利略的讚美,台灣主辦單位的訴求是『希望人類能在夜

「重新發現」我們在宇宙中所處的地位,更進一步地能夠對發的欣

喜和探索知識的喜悅有親身的體驗』。

倫敦英國圖書館為慶祝全球天文年,展出1907年所發現的敦煌星象圖

(Dunhuang Star Atlas),這幅圖繪製於唐朝、距今約1350年前,是現今保

存最古老的星象圖。圖中中心點北極星,是孔子說的北辰─『為政以

德,譬如北辰,居其所而眾星共之。《論語.為政第二》

人類由少數家族、部落、族群、城邦的演化,群聚效應產生了「視人

如親」的現象,這項被稱為演化的美麗錯誤,最新的研究報告

(sciencemag.org on March 18, 2010)指出,為了公平分配、互惠互利,人

類從二十萬年前石器時代小團體常性的衝突,急轉彎變成對陌生

人抱持善意。火種改變遠古生活形態,善使人類走出穴居發展文明。

持續這種善意,孔子說的「德」,其實沒有艱澀的奧義,領導者各以

善意來管理國家機器,就像星球與星球之間的相互輝映。

在奧萬大、阿里山或東部光害較少的地方,夜裡仰望天空,群星相互

輝映,每一顆幾乎都是獨一無二、會微笑的星球,小朋友們會猜想那

顆是B612星球。大人的徐志摩偷偷在日記裡說:「數大就是美」。

相互輝映的星球,多麼美麗啊。親愛的孔夫子也不禁讚嘆:「里仁為

《論.里仁第四》。里字《春秋·穀梁傳》「古者,三百步一里」,

《傳》「里,居也」,《周禮·地官·遂人》「五家爲鄰,五鄰爲里」,

《漢書·食貨誌上》「六尺為步」,按商鞅量尺、新莽銅斛尺、後漢

武銅尺一尺等於0231公尺推估一里等於4158公尺,換算大約4158

X4158平方公尺25戶住家,這不過是一個單位的里。《孟子.

孫丑章句上》又有「湯以七十里,文王以百的論述,複數的里連

結成國。

周朝初時有1800國,到春秋早期,剩下100多國,而後歷經弱小被併吞、

君主被殺、保平安的會盟失效,100多國拼湊成戰國七雄和10幾個小國,

再經秦帝國的降臨,所有的星星完全消失,只剩下一個烈日當空。司馬

遷悲嘆:「嗚呼!君臣之禮既壞矣,則天下以智力相雄長,遂使聖賢之

後為諸侯者,社稷無不泯絕,生民之害糜滅幾盡,豈不哀哉!《資治

通鑒·卷第一》

雖然孔子「不語怪力亂神《論語•述而第七》,我們由衷佩服他的先知與

遠見。從『子曰:「我未見好仁者,惡不仁者。好仁者,無以尚之;惡

不仁者,其為仁矣,不使不仁者加乎其身。有能一日用其力於仁矣乎?

我未見力不足者。蓋有之矣,我未之見也。」』及『能以禮讓為國乎

到『德不孤,必有鄰《論.里仁第四》,最後這六字,似乎已預見「失

德無鄰」的終結。






 
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2009全球天文年主題曲Shoulders of Giants下
2010/06/01 14:05
Galileo was right
when he looked out in the night
and he discovered wonders of the world

to surprise and delight
I've got my telescope with me
just wait until you see
we'll stand on the Shoulders of Giants...
And every step follows the one before
and opens up a new frontier to explore
our 'scopes are dancing in space to see the beauty and grace
Oh, Galileo would approve, that's for sure
And still for me and you we can join in on this too
Just climb up here with me where we'll see more
It's a calm and cloudless night come outside with me tonight
and I can show you wonders of the world to surprise and delight
I've got my telescope with me just wait until you see (oh, wait until you see)
we'll stand on the Shoulders of Giants (Galileo knew)
That Copernicus was right (Johannes)
Come outside with me tonight (Kepler found those)
and I can show you wonders of the world (planetary motions on the)
to surprise and delight (Shoulders of Giants)
I've got my telescope with me (And Isaac)
Just wait until you see (Newton found his)
we'll stand on the Shoulders of Giants (Universal Laws)
(He stood on the Shoulders of Giants...)
...to see beyond!

amisgin
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2009全球天文年主題曲Shoulders of Giants上
2010/06/01 14:03

Music and Lyrics by Padi Boyd © 2008, The Johannes Kepler Project

It was a calm and cloudless night but it was all still a blur
A shaking of our Universe was just about to occur
It was Summertime... 1609
when Galileo used his telescope for the very first time
and he saw mountains and craters on the moon
and a Milky Way with thousands of stars
and he saw Jupiter, with four tiny moons
he was the only man on Earth that night who knew
That Copernicus was right
come outside with me tonight
and I can show you wonders of the world
to surprise and delight
I've got my telescope with me
just wait until you see
that on the Shoulders of Giants....
... we'll see beyond!
The world turns round and round now around 400 years have flown
since Galileo's telescope first focused the unknown
Now we use bigger glass to peer into the past
And we're discovering the Universe's secrets at last
And there are geysers on Saturn's icy moon
and planets circling hundreds of stars
while all the Universe expands like a balloon
from Galileo's tiny scope we've come so far