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2008/12/06 18:44:47瀏覽228|回應0|推薦0
A Worthwhile Cause 世界愛滋病日
 
by Marcus Maurice
World AIDS Day is an opportunity to focus the world's eyes on a major problem.
世界愛滋病日是讓全球關注重大問題的好時機。

  The idea of choosing a day to simply bring attention to a cause might seem like a small thing. But for important issues like AIDS, it is not enough that researchers and doctors are _(1)_ the problem. People all over the world need to know about the situation. With World AIDS Day, people hope to raise _(2)_ of AIDS and the people living with HIV.
  In 1988, the World Health Organization _(3)_ December 1 World AIDS Day during a summit for AIDS prevention. It has _(4)_ been put into practice by governments and organizations around the world. The object of this day is to shed light on the myths about AIDS and to publicize the fact that there are an _(5)_ 31 million people with HIV—and 2.5 million of these victims are children. Each year around World AIDS Day, charities and organizations have seminars, classes, and fundraisers with the focus on AIDS research.
  From the beginning of World AIDS Day, each year has had a slogan. This year will _(6)_ last year's highly successful slogan, "Stop AIDS: Keep the Promise." This slogan will be used until 2010, the year when governments around the world have promised to provide universal access _(7)_ HIV treatment. On December 1 of this year, take some time to talk with a friend about how serious the AIDS epidemic is as a way to honor World AIDS Day.

1. (A) building up (B) carrying out (C) taking over (D) working on
2. (A) guidance (B) awareness (C) response (D) celebration
3. (A) declared (B) measured (C) notified (D) exposed
4. (A) once (B) after (C) since (D) until
5. (A) estimating (B) estimated (C) estimation (D) estimates
6. (A) relieve (B) recall (C) repeat (D) remind
7. (A) to (B) for (C) of (D) with

1. But for important issues like AIDS, it is not enough that researchers and doctors are working on the problem.
理由:
a. (A) build up...  建立……
(B) carry out...  執行∕實現……
(C) take over...  接管……
例: Susan took over the company after her husband passed away.
(蘇珊的先生去世後,她接掌了公司。)

(D) work on...  致力於……;著手……
例: Diane spent all night working on her homework assignment.
(黛安一整個晚上都在做作業。)

b. 根據語意,可知應選 (D)。

2. With World AIDS Day, people hope to raise awareness of AIDS and the people living with HIV.
理由:
a. (A) guidance n. 指導,指引
(B) awareness n. 察覺,體認
raise awareness of...  喚起對於……的意識;使更進一步了解……
例: This commercial was made to raise awareness of breast cancer.
(這個廣告是用來讓大家更進一步了解乳癌。)

(C) response n. 反應(與 to 並用)
(D) celebration n. 慶祝
b. 根據語意,可知應選 (B),表藉著世界愛滋病日,人們希望大眾能對愛滋病及帶有人體免疫不全病毒的患者有更進一步的『了解』。

3. In 1988, the World Health Organization declared December 1 World AIDS Day during a summit for AIDS prevention.
理由:
a. (A) declare vt. 宣佈
declare A (to be) B  宣佈 A 為 B
例: The mayor declared our city a disaster zone after the earthquake.
(地震過後,市長宣佈本市為災區。)

(B) measure vt. 測量
(C) notify vt. 通知;報告
(D) expose vt. 使接觸;使暴露
expose sb/sth to + N/V-ing  使某人∕某物接觸∕暴露於……
例: Traveling exposes you to different cultures.
(旅遊能讓你接觸到不同的文化。)

b. 根據語意及用法,可知應選 (A),表在愛滋病防預計劃的高峰會議上,世界衛生組織『宣佈』 12 月 1 號為世界愛滋病日。

4. It has since been put into practice by governments and organizations around the world.
理由:
a. 空格前為完成式助動詞 has,後為被動式 been put into practice(被付諸實行),因此空格內應置入副詞。選項 (D) until(直到……時)為介詞或連接詞,故不可選。
b. 選項 (A) once(曾經、一度)及 (B) after(之後)雖可作副詞,但 (A) 置入後語意不合,而 (B) 則無置於完成式助動詞之後的用法,故均不可選。
c. 選項 (C) since(從那時起、自此以後)作副詞時,可用來修飾完成式的句子,since 則可置於句尾或句中完成式助動詞 have、has、had 之後。
例: Jim and I met five years ago, and we have since become good friends.
(吉姆和我 5 年前相遇,從那時起我們就一直是好朋友。)

d. 根據上述,故選 (C),表『自此之後』,全球各國政府及相關組織便將此紀念日付諸實行。

5. ...to publicize the fact that there are an estimated 31 million people with HIV—and 2.5 million of these victims are children.
理由:
a. 本空格測試下列固定用法:
an estimated + 數字  估計有……
例: There will be an estimated four billion dollars spent on junk food this year.
(今年估計有 40 億元消費在垃圾食物上。)

b. 根據上述,故選 (B)。

6. This year will repeat last year's highly successful slogan, "Stop AIDS: Keep the Promise."
理由:
a. (A) relieve vt. 解除,緩和
(B) recall vt. 回想,回憶
(C) repeat vt. 重複
例: Excuse me. Can you repeat the question?
(不好意思,你可以把問題重複一次嗎?)

(D) remind vt. 提醒
remind sb of sth  提醒某人某事
例: The article is trying to remind us of the importance of frugality.
(那篇文章是要提醒我們節儉的重要性。)

b. 根據語意,故選 (C),表今年的口號則是『繼續沿用』去年相當成功的『遏止愛滋,履行承諾』。

7. This slogan will be used until 2010, the year when governments around the world have promised to provide universal access to HIV treatment.
理由:
a. access n. 接近;管道;途徑
* access 其後通常與介詞 to 並用。
例: Students in this school have easy access to the lab.
(這個學校的學生可隨時使用實驗室。)

b. 根據上述,故選 (A)。

1. worthwhile a. 值得(做)的
2. cause n. 主張,目標
3. summit n. 高峰會議
4. prevention n. 預防
5. object n. 目的,宗旨
6. publicize vt. 公佈
7. victim n. 受害者
8. seminar n. 研討會
9. fundraiser n. 募款活動
10. slogan n. 口號,標語
11. universal a. 普遍的;一般的
12. treatment n. 治療(法)
13. epidemic n. 傳染病,流行病

1. bring attention to + N/V-ing  使……獲得注意
2. all over the world  世界各地
= around the world

單純為了引起大眾注意某件事而選擇一天作為紀念日,這看起來或許微不足道,但對於像愛滋病這種重大議題而言,光靠研究人員及醫生努力解決問題是不夠的。世界各地的人都有必要了解情況。藉著世界愛滋病日,人們希望大眾能對愛滋病及帶有 HIV(人體免疫不全病毒)的患者有更進一步的了解。
  
1988 年,在愛滋病防預計劃的高峰會議上,世界衛生組織宣佈 12 月 1 號為世界愛滋病日。全球各國政府及相關組織從此便將之付諸實行。愛滋病日的目的主要是揭開關於愛滋病的神秘面紗,並讓大家知道以下這個事實,就是目前帶有 HIV 病毒的患者估計約有 3 千 1 百萬人,而其中 250 萬的受害者是孩童。每年在世界愛滋病日前後,慈善團體及機構都會舉行針對愛滋病相關研究的研討會、課程以及募款活動。
  
自世界愛滋病日制訂以來,每年都會有一個口號。今年的口號則是繼續沿用去年相當成功的『遏止愛滋,履行承諾。』這個口號將會沿用到 2010 年,屆時,世界各國政府將履行承諾,提供普及的 HIV 治療管道。今年的 12 月 1 號,找個時間和朋友聊聊關於愛滋病這傳染病的嚴重性,作為紀念世界愛滋病日的方式。
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