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| 2009/10/06 18:46:57瀏覽4326｜回應2｜推薦13 | |
紐約時報網站報導龍應台新書《大江大海一九四九》 2009/10/06 10:54 中央社 （中央社記者黃兆平紐約2009年10月5日專電）知名作家龍應台新書「大江大海一九四九」，引起不少迴響。「紐約時報」網站今天報導這本新書指出，龍應台透過市井小民重述國共內戰時苦難民眾顛沛流離的經過。 這篇發自香港的報導說，中共1949年10月1日建政，新書描述國民黨內戰失敗，200萬人被迫撤退到台灣，無數破碎家庭的歷史傷痛。「它向那一代無數遭到踐踏、羞辱、傷害的人民，表達敬意」。 紐時以「尖銳與坦率聞名的文化評論者」形容龍應台，還說正當台灣在1985年還處於國民黨一黨獨大時，她的「野火」一書，被視為對台灣民主化具有催化影響作用。 「大江大海一九四九」故事裡除了她自家人之外，還包括無數在那時代出生的中國人─包括台灣的總統馬英九，那些老年人在年輕時曾為國民黨而戰，為共產黨而戰，或者為兩者而戰，更有人替日本而戰。 雖然已經過60年，但很多人從未對外披露這段史實。報導說，一位曾是日本戰俘的89歲老人直到此時才說出心中的故事。 「大江大海一九四九」一出版即成暢銷書，光是9月初在台灣就大賣10萬本，香港也有一萬本。龍應台計劃在10月15日出席德國法蘭克福國際書展時談論此書。 報導指出，龍應台雖有意在中國出版此書，但目前看起來可能性不高，中國官方在網路全面封殺，也禁止討論。 龍應台期盼透過此書顛覆以往外界對1949年的刻板印象。在共產黨統治下，許多大陸人視台灣為叛亂一省，不排除以武力攻台；她希望中共政治領導人諸如胡錦濤能深刻體會台灣人的苦楚與遭遇。 她還希望這本書讓兩岸人民拋開長久以來的懷疑與偏見，提供另一種角度與視野。龍應台說，「若所有領導者只想到政治談判、經濟利益，而沒有深切體會彼此的情感，和平的基石是不夠穩固的」。 報導引述新書內容，很多大陸吉林省長春市民迄今不知道1948年共產黨圍城時，曾有15萬到65萬人餓死，只從教科書知道解放軍「解放」他們時的大勝利。同樣地，在東北戰役戰敗，死傷47萬名國軍的國民黨，也沒有在課本上詳述「敗戰」史實。 龍應台強調此書不做任何政治或道德評判，也沒有對與錯。對她而言，那群人只是淹沒在歷史洪流裡的年輕人，呈現這個國家被拆解時人民內心的世界。 October 6, 2009 Untold Stories of China and Taiwan By VERNA YU HONG KONG — When Ying Meijun bade farewell to her 1-year-old son at the train station in September 1949, little did she know that it would be 38 years before she saw him again. The baby was crying so much that she decided not to take him onto the overcrowded train, so she left him in the care of his grandmother. Thinking they were only leaving China temporarily, she promised: “We’ll be back soon.” By the time she saw her first-born child again in 1987, he was a 40-year-old man wearied by years of hard labor on a mainland Chinese farm. Fighting back tears, he told his elderly parents how, as a young child, he used to chase trains that went pass their front door, shouting, “Mother! Mother!”, thinking that she would be on them. Ms. Ying and her husband, Lung Huaisheng, who was an officer in the military police under Chiang Kai-shek’s Kuomintang government, fled with his family to Taiwan a few months after the Communist Party declared itself the new ruler of China on Oct. 1, 1949. Even in his old age, Lung Huaisheng often wept as he took out the shoe soles that his mother knitted and gave him when they saw each other for the last time at the train station. These family memories are just some of the heart-wrenching stories told by their daughter, Lung Yingtai, a Taiwan-born author and University of Hong Kong professor, in her latest book “Da Jiang Da Hai 1949” (“Big River, Big Sea — Untold Stories of 1949”). The book is published by Taiwan’s CommonWealth Magazine and Hong Kong’s Cosmos Books. Ms. Lung, who was born two years after the family moved to Taiwan, is a leading cultural critic, well-known for her sharp and candid writing. Her book of social-political criticism, “The Wild Fire,” published in 1985 when Taiwan was still under Kuomintang’s one-party rule, was seen as influential in the democratization of the island. Her new book is a tribute to the tens of millions of people “who were trampled on, humiliated and hurt by the era.” It tells the story of the many Chinese families that were broken up by the civil war that ended in the Kuomintang’s defeat in 1949, with some two million escaping to Taiwan. Many, like her own parents, hastily said goodbye to loved ones in mainland China and would never see them again. Apart from the stories of her own family and other Chinese people born in that era — including President Ma Ying-jeou of Taiwan — there are tales of elderly people who as young men fought for the Kuomintang, the Communist Party, or both, and even Japan (which ruled Taiwan from 1895 until 1945). Many have not openly talked about their experiences. One 89-year-old man who was held by the Japanese as a prisoner of war told Ms. Lung he waited all his life to tell his story. Ms. Lung’s book has become an instant best seller — more than 100,000 copies have been sold in Taiwan and 10,000 in Hong Kong since its publication in early September. Ms. Lung, who will be giving a talk at the Frankfurt Book Fair on Oct. 15, said the book did not have an English-language publisher yet. Although Ms. Lung had expressed a wish to publish it in mainland China, it seems almost impossible now, as the government has banned all Internet articles and discussions on the book. Ms. Lung hopes to break down her readers’ preconceptions about events around 1949. Under Communist rule, many mainlanders regard Taiwan as a renegade province that should be taken back by force if necessary. “I want to give them a different perspective,” she said. As the Taiwan-born offspring of mainland refugees herself, she wants mainland readers, particularly political leaders like President Hu Jintao of China, to learn about the pain and sufferings of the people of Taiwan. “When will there be no war? It’s when you can see your enemy’s wounds, then you won’t be able to pick up your gun,” she said. She hopes the book will make people in China and Taiwan abandon long-held suspicions and prejudices regarding each other. “If all that the leaders can think about are political negotiations” and economic interests “and there is no genuine understanding of emotions, then the foundation of peace would not be solid enough,” she said. While researching her book, Ms. Lung discovered that residents of Changchun in the northeastern province of Jilin had not heard of the People’s Liberation Army’s five-month siege of that city in 1948, which resulted in between 150,000 and 650,000 people dying of starvation. Instead, what they learn about in mainland Chinese history textbooks is the P.L.A.’s “great victory” when it “liberated” that city. Mainland China is not the only side to edit its version of history. The Kuomintang, which lost 470,000 troops in the northeastern battles and later fled to Taiwan, did not mention its defeat in the textbooks of Taiwan, either. Ms. Lung wanted to tell this history through the tales or ordinary people. She claims to make no political or moral judgment in her book. There is no “right side” or “wrong side” in the stories, she says. The Kuomintang troops, the People’s Liberation Army and the Taiwanese soldiers fighting for their Japanese colonial masters are given an equal hearing. To her, those individuals were just young people caught up in history. “In this book I don’t care about who is on the right side, the victorious or the defeated side. I just want to show you that when you dismantle the apparatus of state, what’s inside are these individuals.” Parts of Ms. Lung’s book also detail the stories of families amid wars and conflicts in the West, including the loving letters written by her German mother-in-law’s first husband before he died in a Soviet prisoner of war camp during World War II. Ms. Lung said she included these because she wanted her Chinese readers to see their own history in perspective. “Chinese people on both sides of the straits tend to see history from their own national scope,” she said. “But actually who is righteous or unrighteous? It’s a very complicated matter.” “If we continue to be the unthinking cogs in a machine,” she said, “then how do you know whether these tragic misfortunes would not be repeated?” |
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