字體：小 中 大 |
|
|
|
| 2005/11/21 09:08:23瀏覽796｜回應0｜推薦2 | |
今日的動力玩具以電玩類居多，小孩只要打開馬達開關，玩具自己就動起來。從子孩與玩具互動參與度來看，電池、馬達動力玩具參與空間其實很小，子孩就只是旁觀者。 而早期的玩具，需經由手控、或利用各種自然力或天然材料特性等，使玩具發揮其功能—像是要靠手腕旋轉才會發出聲音的搖叫發聲玩具，或是雙手輪流拉放才會上升的爬升玩具。 我們分別由手控、氣流、水流等自然力、材料彈力及發條動力…等，多種形式的「機構」和「功能」類別中，挑選出跨越傳統、鄉土、現代的玩具，來與今日充斥市面的電池、電子等玩具作對比。 Non-electrical Toys In the past toys were manipulated manually, using a variety of natural forces or materials for the toy to perform its function. Here we introduce a number of traditional “structural” or “functional” toys, dependent on manual control, air, water, flexible materials or clockwork springs, providing a contrast to modern toys dependent on batteries and electronics. 手控動力 人一出世，不需要教導，就懂得使用手來幫助自己處理事情，在玩遊戲上也不例外。手的操縱是本能，也是一切操控之始。例如利用手拉，可以讓爬升人往上移動，讓木製玩偶張手、翹腳；手推，可使玩具向前滑行；手旋，使竹蜻蜓飛向空中；手壓，讓玩具造型改變或應聲而倒。 Manually Controlled People know how to use their hands to complete certain tasks almost as soon as they are born and playing games is no exception. Manual control is instinctive and the beginning of all forms of control. 自然力 在戶外遊戲的孩童最能感受自然力量的幫助了。從遊戲中還有助於瞭解自然現象和科學原理。當孩童認識、瞭解自然力以後，視野、心境就越來越廣，玩具、遊戲的範圍也越不受限制了！ 例如風力使風車轉動、風箏高掛在天空；火力推動了蒸汽船；流水自然可以放紙船、浮水印顯像。 Natural Momentum Children playing outdoors are most able to appreciate the power of nature. In this way, playing games is also useful in helping them understand natural phenomena and scientific principles. 材料彈力 利用材料本身能貯存位能的特性，釋放出彈力或能量作功，產生可以推動玩具的動力，其中最常被利用的應是竹材和橡皮筋了。還有利用紙張折疊展開後的彈性推力，能推動玩具；另外將拉長或轉緊的橡皮筋使用在彈弓、線軸車…上，能拋射或快速的產生動力，是發條玩具的前身。 Reactive Materials This involves using the potential nature of specific materials to produce reactive or kinetic responses to create the energy needed to propel a toy. The materials most often used are bamboo and rubber bands. 發條?電力 鄉土時代的玩具幾乎都是手工製作，選擇的材質也多是天然的材質，如：廢紙、木頭、竹子…等。後來再演變至量產的鐵皮玩具時，「發條」已經加入玩具的動力來源。孩童只要轉緊發條，利用齒輪自行運作，玩具就會自己移動！ 電子玩具出現以後，按下開關後，孩童的工作只剩下左右鍵之壓按，其他一切從簡。這麼一來，希望孩子動腦也動手的意義就全都去除了。 Clockwork springs to Electricity Most toys in this period were operated manually and usually made from natural materials. These later evolved into mass-produced metal toys, at which point “clock\work spring” became one of the key sources of dynamism in toys.  |
|
| ( 休閒生活｜雜記 ) |
