國三學生期末考剛好考關係代名詞，每每下課總有學生跑來問我問題，
發覺學生們普遍對於關係代名詞感到一個頭兩個大。

關係代名詞基礎文法(一)

詞彙定義：

1. 關係代名詞：具有連接詞及代名詞兩個功能(簡稱關代)
    (1)連接兩個句子：[主要子句]與[關係(形容詞)子句](所以它也是一種連接詞)。
    (2)在從屬子句中以代名詞的形式，行使[主詞]／[受詞]／[補語]等功能。
    (3)關代的「格」：須看關代在關係子句中的位置而定。
         (A)如為主詞，則用主格（後接動詞）。
         (B)如為動詞或介系詞的受詞，則用受格。
         (C)如為形容詞（…的；後接名詞），則用「所有格」。

先行詞種類	主格	所有格	受格
人	who	whose	whom
事物、動物	which	whose of which	which
人、事物、動物	that	--------	that

※that 也可以用來代替who, whom, which
   (用於限定子句中當主格或受格，用以指人、物、事、動物皆可)
※that 不可用於非限定子句(補述子句)中(即先行詞與關係代名詞有逗號隔開)，
    且that前面不可以有介系詞。

2. 關係子句：由關係代名詞所帶領的子句，具有形容詞的功用，所以又
                        另稱形容詞子句，關係代名詞所引導的形容詞子句修飾整個
                        句子的主詞。

3. 先行詞：關係代名詞前所形容的名詞。

例句說明：

1. He is the boy who wrote this letter.   
    先行詞為人，關代who當主格，The boy wrote this letter.

2. This  is the man (whom) I met yesterday.
    先行詞為人，關代whom當受格，I met the man yesterday.

3. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
    先行詞為人，關代whom當所有格，The girl's mother is a teacher .

4. The river which is near my house is very beautiful.
    先行詞為事物，關代which當主格，The river  is near my house.

5. I like the picture (which) Mary bought last week.
    先行詞為事物，關代which當受格，Mary bought the picture last week.

6. Your sister, who is a teacher, can speak English.
    此句為非限定用法，劃線部分只能放關代who，不可以用that。

測驗練習：

1. The girl __________ hair is red is my sister.
2. This is the village __________ we visited last year.
3. My brother __________ house we just passed is a doctor.
4. He got a poor grades, __________ made his father very angry.
5. It was raining, __________ kept him from coming.
6. His future success depends on __________ is his boss.
7. People __________ are nice will help others.
8. Look at the boy and his dog __________ are crossing the bridge.
9. Who is the boy _________ is standing over there?
10. I know the girl to __________ you're talking about.

上面的題目，大家可以練習一下(回覆文章)，看看自己學會了多少喔 : )
Try your best then you will see how graet you are !