Non-Kinetic Soft-Kill Counter-UAV Techniques

Non-kinetic counter-UAV techniques are designed to disrupt or intercept communication signals. These methods frequently result in the drone falling rapidly, which makes them an undesirable option in crowded settings. However, they can be advantageous in other contexts. It is important to consider the legal stipulations in your country regarding drone countermeasures, as drone jammers and spoofers are not permitted in the United States. Let us review some alternative non-kinetic C-UAS methods.

What are drone jammers?

Jammers are devices that emit electromagnetic noise on the radio frequencies employed by drones for their operational and communicative functions. This noise effectively disrupts the interaction between the drone and its operator. The frequencies most commonly affected are 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, which are public frequencies that lack specific assignments. This design feature prevents the jammers from interfering with manned aircraft, cellular communications, public broadcasting, or other dedicated radio frequencies.

Jammers can take the form of fixed installations or be incorporated into highly mobile, gun-like devices, allowing users to safely bring drones down to the ground.

What happens when a drone gets jammed?

• Will the drone land, or
• Will the drone return to its location

What are the drawbacks of drone jamming?

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has determined that the operation of drone jammers is not permitted in the United States.

It is against federal law to employ a 'cell phone jammer' or analogous device for the purpose of intentionally blocking, disrupting, or interfering with authorized radio communications. Devices such as signal blockers, GPS jammers, and text blockers pose a substantial threat to vital public safety communications, potentially obstructing individuals from making 9-1-1 and other emergency calls. Moreover, these jammers can disrupt communications that are crucial for law enforcement.

Operating a jammer in the United States carries the risk of hefty fines, the seizure of unauthorized devices, and criminal consequences, which may include a prison sentence.

Applicable Law

Communications Act of 1934

• Section 301 - Requires a person who operates or uses a radio transmitter to be licensed or authorized pursuant to the Commission's regulations (47 USC § 301)
• Section 333 - Prohibits intentional or malicious interference with the radio communications of any station licensed or authorized under the Act or operated by the United States Government (47 USC § 333)