副詞子句的縮減

有些副詞子句也可以用相同的方式縮減成分詞片語。分詞片語在前面時，用逗號將之與獨立子句分開，分詞片語在後面時，則不須逗號。

 

When you enter a theater, you should turn off your cell phone.

When entering a theater, you should turn off your cell phone.

You should turn off your cell phone when entering a theater.

 

縮減方式如下：

確定主要子句跟副詞子句的主詞是相同的，

省略副詞子句的主詞，假如必要的話，把分詞片語移到最前面（因為有時候改成分詞片語語義會引起誤會，所以要放到最前面），

將副詞子句改為適當的分詞片語，

根據下列規則，保留或刪去某些副詞子句的從屬代名詞。

保留before跟時間子句的since

保留after, while, when，假如這些從屬代名詞放在主要子句後面。當這些從屬代名詞放在主要子句前時，可保留也可省略。

省略表示理由的because, since, as與表示時間的as。

 

 

副詞子句的縮減

Before student chooses a college, he or she should consider several factors.

Before choosing a college, a student should consider several factors.

A student should consider several factors before choosing a college.

 

 

After he had passed the TOEFL exam, he became a freshman in college.

After passing the TOEFL exam, he became a freshman in college.

 

 

Because Carlos came from a very conservative family, he was shocked at the U.S. system of coed dormitories.

Coming from a very conservative family, Carlos was shocked at the U.S. system of coed dormitories.

 

 

As he gradually got used to the way of life in the United States, he became less homesick.

Gradually getting used to the way of life in the United States, he became less homesick.

 

 

翻譯練習：請用分詞構句寫出下列句子

 

1. 我在超市買東西的時候，遇到一個老朋友。

2. 在出門上班前，我吃了早餐。

3. 自從來這家公司上班後，她學了很多。

4. 缺乏必需的資格(qualification)，他沒有拿到那份工作。

5. 負擔不起車子，我買了一臺摩托車。

 

 

翻譯練習：答案

1. While shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend.

2. Before leaving for work, I ate breakfast.

3. Since working for this company, she has learned a lot.

4. Lacking the necessary qualification, he didn’t get the job.

5. Being unable to afford a car, I bought a scooter.