Kaolin is a non-metallic mineral, which is a kind of clay and clay rock mainly composed of kaolinite group clay minerals. The pure kaolin is white, fine and soft, with good plasticity, fire resistance and other physical and chemical properties. Its mineral composition is mainly composed of kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, quartz, feldspar and other minerals. Kaolin is mostly lusterless. When it is pure, it is white and delicate. If it contains impurities, it can have gray, yellow, brown and other colors. The appearance can be in loose soil block shape and tight rock block shape depending on the origin. Density 2.54-2.60 g/cm3.

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The melting point is about 1785 ℃. With plasticity, wet soil can be molded into various shapes without breaking, and can remain unchanged for a long time. At present, there are more than 700 kaolin mines in China, and the proven reserves of 200 mines are 3 billion tons, which are relatively scattered. Among them, 1.67 billion tons of coal measures kaolin is mainly distributed in the Carboniferous Permian coal measures in the northeast and northwest of northern China, and exists in the form of gangue, roof and floor or separate seam.

Kaolin is a kind of clay and clay rock mainly composed of kaolinite group clay minerals. Kaolin is white, fine and soft, with good plasticity, fire resistance and other physical and chemical properties. It is also an important non-metallic mineral, which is called the four major non-metallic minerals together with mica, quartz and calcium carbonate, and is widely used.

Kaolin has high whiteness, soft texture, easy dispersion and suspension in water, good plasticity, high cohesiveness, and excellent electrical insulation performance; It has good acid resistance, low cation exchange capacity, good fire resistance and other physical and chemical properties. Therefore, kaolin has become a necessary mineral raw material for dozens of industries such as papermaking, ceramics, rubber, chemical industry, coating, medicine and national defense. It is reported that Japan also uses kaolin to replace steel to make cutting tools, lathe bits and internal combustion engine casings. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of modern science and technology, the application of kaolin has become more extensive. Some high-tech fields have begun to use kaolin in large quantities as new materials, and even the high-temperature porcelain parts of atomic reactors, space shuttles and spaceships are also made of kaolin. Calcined kaolin for paper making is made from high-quality coal series kaolin through beneficiation, superfine grinding and calcination. It has relatively complete hexagonal sheet structure, good porosity, reasonable particle size distribution range and excellent light scattering. At the same time, because of its high whiteness, low wear value and good oil absorption, it is an excellent paint pigment, which is mainly used for surface coating in the paper industry. It has the characteristics of reducing production cost, improving paper performance, improving ink absorption, good compatibility with other components and high viscosity.