前幾天教學生時遇到一個狀況...

Jerry : 有沒有聽過調式音階?

學生 : 沒有= ="

Jerry : 那Dorian你知道嗎?

學生 : 知道耶...^^

Jerry : 那你說說看...(OS.阿不是不知道...= =)

學生 : Dorian婚禮樂團在Yahoo搜尋就有啦!!

Jerry : Orz...

下課後去搜尋了一下,還真的...比教學都還前面...

然後,連Lydian都有...婚禮樂團!!

索性找一下Mixolydian(米索利地安)...還好沒有= =(可能音節太長了)

回歸正傳

調式音階有分大小調：

大調有七個調式：

以C大調第一音開始叫Ionian
C D E F G A B

以C大調第二音開始叫Dorian
D E F G A B C

以C大調第三音開始叫Phriygian
E F G A B C D

以C大調第四音開始叫Lydian
F G A B C D E

以C大調第五音開始叫Mixo-Lydian
G A B C D E F

以C大調第六音開始叫Aeolian
A B C D E F G

以大調第七音開始叫Locrian
B C D E F G A

如果以指定的調性來跑調式音階的話就是

C Ionian C D E F G A B

C Dorian C D bE F G A bB （=從C開始的bB調Ionian ）

C Phrygian C bD bE F G bA bB（=從C開始的bA調Ionian ）

C Lydian C D E #F G A B（=從C開始的G調Ionian ）

C Mixo-lydian C D E F G A bB （=從C開始的F調Ionian ）

C Aeolian C D bE F G bA bB （=從C開始的bE調Ionian ）

C Lorian C bD bE F bG bA bB （=從C開始的bD調Ionian ）

小調音階

1. 和聲小音階
C 調來講共七個調式：

Harmonic Minor Scale
C D bE F G bA B

Locrian #6th Scale
C bD bE F bG A bB  (#6th)

Ionian #5th Scale
C D E F #G A B (#5th)

Dorain #4th Scale
C D bE #F G A bB  (#4th)

Harmonic Minor Scale perfect 5th below (Hmp5↓)
C D bE F bG bA B

Lyhdian #2nd Scale
C #D E #F G A B (#2nd)

Harmonic Minor Scale 2nd above
C #D bE F G bA B


2. 旋律小調音階
C 調來講共七個調式：
 
Melodic Minor Scale (Cminor-major)
C D bE F G A B

Dorian b2nd Scale (Csusb9)
C bD bE F G A bB 

Lydian Augmeneted Scale (Cmajor+5)
C D E #F #G A B (#5th)

Lydian b7th scale (Lydian dominant)(C7+11)
C D E #F G A bB (b7th)

Mixo-Lydian b6th scale
C D E F G bA bB

Locrian #2nd scale (Half-diminished or Locrian#2)
C D bE F bG bA bB (#2nd)

Altered Dominant 7th scale (Diminished whole-tone)
C bD bE E #F #G bB 

一般而言
Major chorus 用Iolian 或Lydian(教會調式)
Minor chorus會選Dorian、Phriygian、Aeolian
Dorian 會有Blues 味道(bE，bB)
Phriygian 西班牙音樂或埃及的感覺
Aeolian 是小調音階
Dominant chorus 就用Mixo-Lydian 音階

爵士音階

除了Ionian之外其他音階延伸出不同的爵士音階

降2多利安調式「Dorian Flat 2 scale」：半全全全全半全
升5利地安調式「Lydian Sharp 5 scale 」：全全全全半全半
升4米索利地安調式「Mixolydian Sharp 4 scale 」：全全全半全半全
降6米索利地安調式「Mixolydian Flat 6 scale 」：全全半全半全全
降5自然小音階「minor Flat 5 scale 」：全半全半全全全
降4洛克利安調式「 Locrian Flat 4 scale 」： 半全半全的減音階加上全全全的全音音階
又稱之為「Super Locrian or Diminished Whole Tone scale」： 超級洛克利安調式或減全音階

What Is A Jazz Scale?

Jazz scales are used by improvisers to convey complex harmonies common in Jazz.The names of the jazz scales imply that they are based on the modes、with certain scale degrees altered. If you know the modes you can learn the jazz scales.The jazz scales are based on the ascending melodic minor scale. Just as the modes were based on the major scale starting on different scale degrees、the jazz scales are based on the melodic minor scale、starting on different scale degrees.

Dorian Flat 2

The Dorian Flat 2 scale starts on the second scale degree of a melodic minor scale and ascends an octave. The pattern of whole and half steps is:

Lydian Sharp 5

The Lydian Sharp 5 scale starts on the third scale degree of a melodic minor scale and ascends an octave. The pattern of whole and half steps is:

Mixolydian Sharp 4

The Mixolydian Sharp 4 scale starts on the fourth scale degree of a melodic minor scale and ascends an octave. The pattern of whole and half steps is:

This scale is sometimes called the Lydian Flat 7 scale.

Mixolydian Flat 6

The Mixolydian Flat 6 scale starts on the fifth scale degree of a melodic minor scale and ascends an octave. The pattern of whole and half steps is:

Minor Flat 5

The minor Flat 5 scale starts on the sixth scale degree of a melodic minor scale and ascends an octave. The pattern of whole and half steps is:

Locrian Flat 4

The Locrian Flat 4 scale starts on the seventh scale degree of a melodic minor scale and ascends an octave. The pattern of whole and half steps is:

This scale is sometimes called the Super Locrian or Diminished Whole Tone scale.

接下來出考題啦!!

九十五年臺中市國中音樂試題

利地安( Lydian ) 教會調式的半音出現在
①三、四，七、八音 ②二、三，五、六音 ③一、二，五、六音 ④四、五，七、八音之間

答案④