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NINI 尼尼台中店家庭過節聚會適合嗎? 》公益路最值得吃的10家餐廳|實訪整理 |
| 時事評論|校園筆記 2025/11/25 01:54:14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
身為一個熱愛美食、喜歡在城市裡挖掘驚喜的人,臺中公益路一直是我最常出沒的地方之一。這條路可說是「臺中人的美食戰場」,從精緻西餐到創意火鍋,從日式丼飯到義式早午餐,每走幾步,就會有完全不同的特色料理餐廳。 這次我特別花了一整個月,實際造訪了公益路上十間口碑不錯的餐廳。有的是網友熱推的打卡名店,也有隱藏在巷弄裡的小驚喜。我以環境氛圍、口味表現、價格CP值與再訪意願為基準,整理出這篇實測評比。希望能幫正在猶豫去哪裡吃飯的你,找到那一間「吃完會想再來」的餐廳。 評比標準與整理方向
這次我走訪的10家餐廳橫跨不同料理類型,從高質感牛排館到巷弄系早午餐,每一間都有自己獨特的風格。為了讓整體比較更客觀,我依照以下四大面向進行評比,並搭配實際用餐體驗來打分。
整體而言,我希望這份評比不只是「哪家好吃」,而是幫你在不同情境下(約會、家庭聚餐、朋友小聚、商業午餐)都能快速找到合適的選擇。畢竟,美食不只是味覺的滿足,更是一段段與朋友共享的生活記憶。 10間臺中公益路餐廳評比懶人包公益路向來是臺中人聚餐的首選地段,從火鍋、燒肉到中式料理與早午餐,每走幾步就有驚喜。以下是我實際造訪過的10間代表性餐廳清單,橫跨平價、創意、高級各路風格。
一頭牛日式燒肉|炭香濃郁的和牛饗宴,約會聚餐首選
走在公益路上,很難不被 一頭牛日式燒肉 的木質外觀吸引。低調卻不失質感的門面,搭配昏黃燈光與暖色調的內裝,讓人一進門就感受到濃濃的日式職人氛圍。店內空間不大,但桌距規劃得宜,每桌皆設有獨立排煙設備,烤肉時完全不怕滿身油煙味。 餐點特色
一頭牛的靈魂,絕對是他們招牌的「三國和牛拼盤」。 用餐體驗整體節奏掌握得非常好。店員會在你剛想烤下一片肉時貼心遞上夾子、幫忙換烤網,讓人完全不用分心。整場用餐過程就像一場表演,從視覺、嗅覺到味覺都被滿足。 綜合評分
地址:408臺中市南屯區公益路二段162號電話:04-23206800 官網:http://www.marihuana.com.tw/yakiniku/index.html 小結語一頭牛日式燒肉不僅是「吃肉的地方」,更像是一場五感盛宴。從進門那一刻到最後一道甜點,都能感受到他們對細節的用心。 TANG Zhan 湯棧|文青系火鍋代表,麻香湯底與視覺美感並重
在公益路這條美食戰線上,TANG Zhan 湯棧 是讓人一眼就會想走進去的那一種。 餐點特色
湯棧最有名的當然是它的「麻香鍋」。 用餐體驗整體氛圍比一般火鍋店更有質感。 綜合評分
地址:408臺中市南屯區公益路二段248號電話:04-22580617 官網:https://www.facebook.com/TangZhan.tw/ 小結語TANG Zhan 湯棧 把傳統火鍋做出新的樣貌保留臺式鍋物的溫度,又結合現代風格與細節服務,讓吃鍋這件事變得更有品味。 如果你想找一間兼具「好吃、好拍、好放鬆」的火鍋店,湯棧會是公益路上最有風格的選擇之一。 NINI 尼尼臺中店|明亮寬敞的義式早午餐天堂
如果說前兩間是肉食愛好者的天堂,那 NINI 尼尼臺中店 絕對是想放鬆、聊聊天的好地方。餐廳外觀以白色系與大片玻璃窗為主,陽光灑進室內,讓人一踏入就有種度假般的輕盈感。假日早午餐時段特別熱鬧,建議提早訂位。 餐點特色
NINI 的菜單融合義式與臺灣人口味,選擇多樣且份量十足。主打的 松露燉飯 濃郁卻不膩口,米芯保留微Q口感;而 香蒜海鮮義大利麵 則以新鮮白蝦、花枝與淡菜搭配微辣蒜香,口感層次豐富。 用餐體驗店內氣氛輕鬆不拘謹,無論是一個人帶電腦工作、或朋友聚餐,都能找到舒服角落。餐點上桌速度穩定,服務人員態度親切、補水與收盤都非常主動。整體節奏讓人覺得「時間變慢了」,很適合想遠離忙碌日常的人。 綜合評分
地址:40861臺中市南屯區公益路二段18號電話:04-23288498 小結語NINI 尼尼臺中店是一間能讓人放下手機、慢慢吃飯的餐廳。餐點不追求浮誇,而是以「剛剛好」的份量與風味,陪伴每個平凡午後。如果你在找一間能邊吃邊聊天、拍照也漂亮的早午餐店,NINI 會是你在公益路上最不費力的幸福選擇。 加分100%浜中特選昆布鍋物|平價卻用心的湯頭系火鍋,家庭聚餐好選擇
在公益路這條高質感餐廳林立的戰場上,加分100%浜中特選昆布鍋物 走的是截然不同的路線。它沒有浮誇的裝潢、也沒有高價位的套餐,但靠著實在的湯頭與親切的服務,默默吸引許多回頭客。每到用餐時間,總能看到家庭或情侶三兩成群地圍著鍋邊聊天。 餐點特色
主打 北海道浜中昆布湯底,湯頭清澈卻不單薄,越煮越能喝出海藻與柴魚的自然香氣。 用餐體驗整體氛圍偏家庭取向,桌距寬敞、座位舒適,帶小孩來也不覺擁擠。店員態度親切,補湯、收盤都很勤快,給人一種「被照顧著」的安心感。 綜合評分
地址:403臺中市西區公益路288號電話:0910855180 小結語加分100%浜中特選昆布鍋物是一間「不浮誇、但會讓人想再訪」的火鍋店。它不追求豪華擺盤,而是用最簡單的湯頭與新鮮食材,傳遞出家常卻不平凡的溫度。 印月餐廳|中式料理的藝術演繹,宴客與家庭聚會首選
說到臺中公益路的中式料理代表,印月餐廳 絕對是榜上有名。這間開業多年的餐廳以「中菜西吃」的概念聞名,把傳統中式料理以現代手法重新詮釋。從建築外觀到餐具擺設,每個細節都散發著低調的典雅氣息。 餐點特色
印月最令人印象深刻的是他們將傳統中菜融入創意手法。 用餐體驗服務方面完全對得起餐廳的高級定位。從入座、點餐到上菜節奏,都拿捏得恰如其分。每道菜都會有服務人員細心介紹食材與吃法,讓人感受到「被款待」的尊榮感。 綜合評分
地址:408臺中市南屯區公益路二段818號電話:0422511155 小結語印月餐廳是一間「不只吃飯,更像品味生活」的地方。 KoDō 和牛燒肉|極致職人精神,專為儀式感與頂級味覺而生
若要形容 KoDō 和牛燒肉 的用餐體驗,一句話足以總結——「像在欣賞一場關於肉的表演」。 餐點特色
這裡主打 日本A5和牛冷藏肉,以「精切厚燒」的方式呈現。 用餐體驗KoDō 的最大特色是「儀式感」。 綜合評分
地址:403臺中市西區公益路260號電話:0423220312 官網:https://www.facebook.com/kodo2018/ 小結語KoDō 和牛燒肉不是日常餐廳,而是一場體驗。 永心鳳茶|在茶香裡用餐的優雅時光,臺味早午餐的新詮釋
走進 永心鳳茶公益店,彷彿進入一間有氣質的茶館。 餐點特色
永心鳳茶的餐點結合中式靈魂與西式擺盤,無論是「炸雞腿飯」還是「紅玉紅茶拿鐵」,都能讓人感受到熟悉卻不平凡的味道。 用餐體驗店內服務人員態度溫和,對茶品介紹詳盡。上餐節奏剛好,不急不徐。 綜合評分
地址:40360臺中市西區公益路68號三樓(勤美誠品)電話:0423221118 小結語永心鳳茶讓人重新定義「臺味」。 三希樓|老饕級江浙功夫菜,穩重又帶人情味的中式饗宴
位於公益路上的 三希樓 是許多臺中老饕的口袋名單。 餐點特色
三希樓的菜色以 江浙與港式料理 為主,兼顧傳統與現代風味。 用餐體驗三希樓的服務給人一種老派但貼心的感覺。 綜合評分
地址:408臺中市南屯區公益路二段95號電話:0423202322 官網:https://www.sanxilou.com.tw/ 小結語三希樓是一間「吃得出功夫」的餐廳。 一笈壽司|低調奢華的無菜單日料,職人手藝詮釋旬味極致
在熱鬧的公益路上,一笈壽司 低調得幾乎不顯眼。 餐點特色
一笈壽司採 Omakase(無菜單料理) 形式,每一餐都由主廚根據當日食材設計。 用餐體驗整場用餐約90分鐘,節奏緩慢但沉穩。 綜合評分
地址:408臺中市南屯區公益路二段25號電話:0423206368 官網:https://www.facebook.com/YIJI.sushi/ 小結語一笈壽司是一間真正讓人「放慢呼吸」的餐廳。 茶六燒肉堂|人氣爆棚的和牛燒肉聖地,肉香與幸福感同時滿分
若要票選公益路上「最難訂位」的餐廳,茶六燒肉堂 絕對名列前茅。 餐點特色
茶六主打 和牛燒肉套餐,價格約落在 $700–$1000 間,份量與品質兼具。 用餐體驗茶六的服務效率相當高。店員親切、換網勤快、補水速度快,整場用餐流程流暢無壓力。 綜合評分
地址:403臺中市西區公益路268號電話:0423281167 官網:https://inline.app/booking/-L93VSXuz8o86ahWDRg0:inline-live-karuizawa/-LUYUEIOYwa7GCUpAFWA 小結語茶六燒肉堂用「穩定品質+輕奢氛圍」抓住了臺中年輕族群的心。 吃完10家公益路餐廳後的心得與結語吃完這十家餐廳後,臺中公益路不只是一條美食街,而是一段生活風景線。 有的餐廳講究細膩與儀式感,像 一頭牛日式燒肉 與 一笈壽司,讓人感受到食材最純粹的美好 有的則以親切與溫度打動人心,像 加分昆布鍋物、永心鳳茶,讓人明白吃飯不只是為了飽足,而是一種被照顧的幸福。 而像茶六燒肉堂、TANG Zhan 湯棧 這類人氣名店,則用穩定的品質與熱絡的氛圍,成為許多臺中人心中「想吃肉就去那裡」的代名詞。 這十家店,構成了公益路最動人的縮影 有華麗的,也有溫柔的;有傳統的,也有創新的。 每一家都在自己的風格裡發光,讓人吃到的不只是料理,而是一種生活的溫度與節奏。 對我而言,這不僅是一場美食旅程,更是一趟關於「臺中味道」的回憶之旅。 FAQ:關於臺中公益路美食常見問題Q1:公益路哪一區的餐廳最集中? Q2:需要提前訂位嗎? 最後的話若要用一句話形容這趟美食之旅,我會說: 印月餐廳適合多人分享嗎? 如果你也和我一樣喜歡用味蕾探索一座城市,那就把這篇公益路美食攻略收藏起來吧。印月餐廳尾牙預算好掌控嗎? 無論是約會、慶生、家庭聚餐,或只是想犒賞一下辛苦的自己——這條路上永遠會有一間剛剛好的餐廳在等你。TANG Zhan 湯棧適合約會嗎? 下一餐,不妨從這10家開始。茶六燒肉堂好吃嗎? 打開手機、約上朋友,讓公益路成為你生活裡最容易抵達的小確幸。KoDō 和牛燒肉上餐速度快嗎? 如果你有私心愛店,也歡迎留言分享,一頭牛日式燒肉單點比較好嗎? 你的推薦,可能讓我下一趟美食旅程變得更精彩。NINI 尼尼臺中店公司聚餐適合嗎? Neanderthal-ized brain organoids (left) look very different than modern human brain organoids (right) — they have a distinctly different shape, and differ in the way their cells proliferate and how their synapses form. Credit: UC San Diego Health Sciences Novel study used brain organoids genetically modified to mimic now-extinct Neanderthals. As a professor of pediatrics and cellular and molecular medicine at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Alysson R. Muotri, PhD, has long studied how the brain develops and what goes wrong in neurological disorders. For almost as long, he has also been curious about the evolution of the human brain — what changed that makes us so different from preceding Neanderthals and Denisovans, our closest evolutionary relatives, now extinct? Evolutionary studies rely heavily on two tools — genetics and fossil analysis — to explore how a species changes over time. But neither approach can reveal much about brain development and function because brains do not fossilize, Muotri said. There is no physical record to study. So Muotri decided to try stem cells, a tool not often applied in evolutionary reconstructions. Stem cells, the self-renewing precursors of other cell types, can be used to build brain organoids — “mini brains” in a laboratory dish. Muotri and colleagues have pioneered the use of stem cells to compare humans to other primates, such as chimpanzees and bonobos, but until now a comparison with extinct species was not thought possible. Alysson R. Muotri, PhD, is a professor at University of California San Diego School of Medicine. Credit: UC San Diego Health Sciences Reconstructing Ancient Brains with Modern Tools In a study published on February 11, 2021, in Science, Muotri’s team cataloged the differences between the genomes of diverse modern human populations and the Neanderthals and Denisovans, who lived during the Pleistocene Epoch, approximately 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago. Mimicking an alteration they found in one gene, the researchers used stem cells to engineer “Neanderthal-ized” brain organoids. “It’s fascinating to see that a single base-pair alteration in human DNA can change how the brain is wired,” said Muotri, senior author of the study and director of the UC San Diego Stem Cell Program and a member of the Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine. “We don’t know exactly how and when in our evolutionary history that change occurred. But it seems to be significant, and could help explain some of our modern capabilities in social behavior, language, adaptation, creativity, and use of technology.” The team initially found 61 genes that differed between modern humans and our extinct relatives. One of these altered genes — NOVA1 — caught Muotri’s attention because it’s a master gene regulator, influencing many other genes during early brain development. The researchers used CRISPR gene editing to engineer modern human stem cells with the Neanderthal-like mutation in NOVA1. Then they coaxed the stem cells into forming brain cells and ultimately Neanderthal-ized brain organoids. Neanderthal Brain Organoids Behave Differently Brain organoids are little clusters of brain cells formed by stem cells, but they aren’t exactly brains (for one, they lack connections to other organ systems, such as blood vessels). Yet organoids are useful models for studying genetics, disease development, and responses to infections and therapeutic drugs. Muotri’s team has even optimized the brain organoid-building process to achieve organized electrical oscillatory waves similar to those produced by the human brain. The Neanderthal-ized brain organoids looked very different than modern human brain organoids, even to the naked eye. They had a distinctly different shape. Peering deeper, the team found that modern and Neanderthal-ized brain organoids also differ in the way their cells proliferate and how their synapses — the connections between neurons — form. Even the proteins involved in synapses differed. And electrical impulses displayed higher activity at earlier stages, but didn’t synchronize in networks in Neanderthal-ized brain organoids. According to Muotri, the neural network changes in Neanderthal-ized brain organoids parallel the way newborn non-human primates acquire new abilities more rapidly than human newborns. A New Era in Evolutionary Neuroscience “This study focused on only one gene that differed between modern humans and our extinct relatives. Next, we want to take a look at the other 60 genes, and what happens when each, or a combination of two or more, are altered,” Muotri said. “We’re looking forward to this new combination of stem cell biology, neuroscience, and paleogenomics. The ability to apply the comparative approach of modern humans to other extinct hominins, such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, using brain organoids carrying ancestral genetic variants is an entirely new field of study.” To continue this work, Muotri has teamed up with Katerina Semendeferi, professor of anthropology at UC San Diego and study co-author, to co-direct the new UC San Diego Archealization Center, or ArchC. “We will merge and integrate this amazing stem cell work with anatomic comparisons from several species and neurological conditions to create downstream hypotheses about brain function of our extinct relatives,” Semendeferi said. “This neuro-archealization approach will complement efforts to understand the mind of our ancestors and close relatives, like the Neanderthals.” Reference: “Reintroduction of the archaic variant of NOVA1 in cortical organoids alters neurodevelopment” by Cleber A. Trujillo, Edward S. Rice, Nathan K. Schaefer, Isaac A. Chaim, Emily C. Wheeler, Assael A. Madrigal, Justin Buchanan, Sebastian Preissl, Allen Wang, Priscilla D. Negraes, Ryan A. Szeto, Roberto H. Herai, Alik Huseynov, Mariana S. A. Ferraz, Fernando S. Borges, Alexandre H. Kihara, Ashley Byrne, Maximillian Marin, Christopher Vollmers, Angela N. Brooks, Jonathan D. Lautz, Katerina Semendeferi, Beth Shapiro, Gene W. Yeo, Stephen E. P. Smith, Richard E. Green and Alysson R. Muotri, 12 February 2021, Science. DOI: 10.1126/science.aax2537 Co-authors of the study include: Cleber A. Trujillo, Isaac A. Chaim, Emily C. Wheeler, Assael A. Madrigal, Justin Buchanan, Sebastian Preissl, Allen Wang, Priscilla D. Negraes, and Ryan Szeto, UC San Diego; Edward S. Rice, Nathan K. Schaefer, Ashley Byrne, Maximillian Marin, Christopher Vollmers, Angela N. Brooks, Richard E. Green, UC Santa Cruz; Roberto H. Herai, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná; Alik Huseynov, Imperial College London; Mariana S.A. Ferraz, Fernando da S. Borges, Alexandre H. Kihara, Universidade Federal do ABC; Jonathan D. Lautz, Stephen E.P. Smith, Seattle Children’s Research Institute and University of Washington; Beth Shapiro, UC Santa Cruz and Howard Hughes Medical Institute; and Gene W. Yeo, UC San Diego, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (Singapore) and National University of Singapore. Funding for this research came, in part, from the Neanderthal Brain Foundation, National Institutes of Health (grants U19MH1073671, K12GM068524, K01AA026911), Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (NARSAD Independent Investigator Grant), National Science foundation (grant 1754451), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (grant GBMF3804), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes, Brazil), FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation, grant 2017/26439-0), CNPq (Brazil’s National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, grants 431000/2016-6, 312047/2017-7) and Loulou Foundation. Disclosure: Alysson R. Muotri is a co-founder and has an equity interest in TISMOO, a company dedicated to genetic analysis and brain organoid modeling focusing on therapeutic applications customized for autism spectrum disorder and other neurological disorders with genetic origins. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of California San Diego in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. Illustration of organ perfusion and cellular recovery with OrganEx technology. The cell-saving blood analog is delivered to vital organs one hour after death. Credit: Marin Balaic Yale-developed technology restores cell and organ function in pigs after death, a potential organ transplant breakthrough. Within just minutes of the final heartbeat, a cascade of biochemical events triggered by a lack of blood flow, nutrients, and oxygen begins to destroy a body’s cells and organs. However, a team of researchers at Yale University has discovered that massive and permanent cellular failure doesn’t have to happen so quickly. Using a new technology the scientists developed that delivers a specially designed cell-protective fluid to organs and tissues, the team restored blood circulation and other cellular functions in pigs a full hour after their deaths. They report their findings in the August 3 edition of the journal Nature. Their results may help extend the health of human organs during surgery and expand the availability of donor organs, the authors said. Restoration of Organ Functions in Pigs “All cells do not die immediately, there is a more protracted series of events,” said David Andrijevic, associate research scientist in neuroscience at Yale School of Medicine and co-lead author of the study. “It is a process in which you can intervene, stop, and restore some cellular function.” The research builds upon an earlier Yale-led project that restored circulation and certain cellular functions in the brain of a dead pig with technology dubbed BrainEx. Published in 2019, that study and the new one were led by the lab of Yale’s Nenad Sestan, the Harvey and Kate Cushing Professor of Neuroscience and professor of comparative medicine, genetics, and psychiatry. The new study involved senior author Sestan and colleagues Andrijevic, Zvonimir Vrselja, Taras Lysyy, and Shupei Zhang, all from Yale. “If we were able to restore certain cellular functions in the dead brain, an organ known to be most susceptible to ischemia [inadequate blood supply], we hypothesized that something similar could also be achieved in other vital transplantable organs,” Sestan said. In the new study, the scientists applied a modified version of BrainEx called OrganEx to the whole pig. The technology consists of a perfusion device similar to heart-lung machines — which do the work of the heart and lungs during surgery — and an experimental fluid containing compounds that can promote cellular health and suppress inflammation throughout the pig’s body. Cardiac arrest was induced in anesthetized pigs, which were treated with OrganEx an hour after death. Six hours after treatment with OrganEx, the researchers found that certain key cellular functions were active in many areas of the pigs’ bodies — including the heart, liver, and kidneys. Additionally, some organ functions had been restored. For instance, they found evidence of electrical activity in the heart, which retained the ability to contract. Cellular Restoration and Functional Recovery “We were also able to restore circulation throughout the body, which amazed us,” Sestan said. Normally when the heart stops beating, organs begin to swell, collapsing blood vessels and blocking circulation, he said. Yet circulation was restored and organs in the deceased pigs that received OrganEx treatment appeared functional at the level of cells and tissue. “Under the microscope, it was difficult to tell the difference between a healthy organ and one which had been treated with OrganEx technology after death,” Vrselja said. As in the 2019 experiment, the scientists also discovered that cellular activity in some areas of the brain had been restored. However, no organized electrical activity that would indicate consciousness was detected during any part of the experiment. The team was especially surprised to observe involuntary and spontaneous muscular movements in the head and neck areas when they evaluated the treated animals, which remained anesthetized through the entire six-hour experiment. These movements indicate the preservation of some motor functions, Sestan said. Ethical Considerations and Future Research Additional studies are necessary to understand the apparently restored motor functions in the animals, the researchers stressed. They also called for rigorous ethical review from other scientists and bioethicists. The experimental protocols for the latest study were approved by Yale’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and guided by an external advisory and ethics committee. The OrganEx technology could eventually have several potential applications, the researchers said. For example, it could extend the life of organs in human patients and expand the availability of donor organs for transplant. It might also be able to help treat organs or tissue damaged by ischemia during heart attacks or strokes. “There are numerous potential applications of this exciting new technology,” said Stephen Latham, director of the Yale Interdisciplinary Center for Bioethics. “However, we need to maintain careful oversight of all future studies, particularly any that include perfusion of the brain.” Reference: “Cellular recovery after prolonged warm ischaemia of the whole body” by David Andrijevic, Zvonimir Vrselja, Taras Lysyy, Shupei Zhang, Mario Skarica, Ana Spajic, David Dellal, Stephanie L. Thorn, Robert B. Duckrow, Shaojie Ma, Phan Q. Duy, Atagun U. Isiktas, Dan Liang, Mingfeng Li, Suel-Kee Kim, Stefano G. Daniele, Khadija Banu, Sudhir Perincheri, Madhav C. Menon, Anita Huttner, Kevin N. Sheth, Kevin T. Gobeske, Gregory T. Tietjen, Hitten P. Zaveri, Stephen R. Latham, Albert J. Sinusas and Nenad Sestan, 3 August 2022, Nature. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05016-1 The research was funded by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health, and National Institute of Mental Health. This work was supported by the NIH BRAIN Initiative grants MH117064, MH117064-01S1, R21DK128662,T32GM136651, F30HD106694, and Schmidt Futures. The single-celled organism can detect, in which direction the concentration of nutrients is highest. Credit: TU Wien How do simple creatures manage to move to a specific place? Artificial intelligence and a physical model from TU Wien can now explain this. How is it possible to move in the desired direction without a brain or nervous system? Single-celled organisms apparently manage this feat without any problems: for example, they can swim towards food with the help of small flagellar tails. How these extremely simply built creatures manage to do this was not entirely clear until now. However, a research team at TU Wien (Vienna) has now been able to simulate this process on the computer: They calculated the physical interaction between a very simple model organism and its environment. This environment is a liquid with a non-uniform chemical composition, it contains food sources that are unevenly distributed. The simulated organism was equipped with the ability to process information about food in its environment in a very simple way. With the help of a machine learning algorithm, the information processing of the virtual being was then modified and optimized in many evolutionary steps. The result was a computer organism that moves in its search for food in a very similar way to its biological counterparts. Chemotaxis: Always going where the chemistry is right “At first glance, it is surprising that such a simple model can solve such a difficult task,” says Andras Zöttl, who led the research project, which was carried out in the “Theory of Soft Matter” group (led by Gerhard Kahl) at the Institute of Theoretical Physics at TU Wien. “Bacteria can use receptors to determine in which direction, for example, the oxygen or nutrient concentration is increasing, and this information then triggers a movement into the desired direction. This is called chemotaxis.” The behavior of other, multicellular organisms can be explained by the interconnection of nerve cells. But a single-celled organism has no nerve cells – in this case, only extremely simple processing steps are possible within the cell. Until now, it was not clear how such a low degree of complexity could be sufficient to connect simple sensory impressions – for example from chemical sensors – with targeted motor activity. “To be able to explain this, you need a realistic, physical model for the movement of these unicellular organisms,” says Andreas Zöttl. “We have chosen the simplest possible model that physically allows independent movement in a fluid in the first place. Our single-celled organism consists of three masses connected by simplified muscles. The question now arises: can these muscles be coordinated in such a way that the entire organism moves in the desired direction? And above all: can this process be realized in a simple way, or does it require complicated control?” A small network of signals and commands “Even if the unicellular organism does not have a network of nerve cells – the logical steps that link its ‘sensory impressions’ with its movement can be described mathematically in a similar way to a neuronal network,” says Benedikt Hartl, who used his expertise in artificial intelligence to implement the model on the computer. In the single-celled organism, too, there are logical connections between different elements of the cell. Chemical signals are triggered and ultimately lead to a certain movement of the organism. “These elements and the way they influence each other were simulated on the computer and adjusted with a genetic algorithm: Generation after generation, the movement strategy of the virtual unicellular organisms was changed slightly,” reports Maximilian Hübl, who did many of the calculations on this topic as part of his Master’s thesis. Those unicellular organisms that succeeded best in directing their movement to where the desired chemicals were located were allowed to “reproduce,” while the less successful variants “died out”. In this way, after many generations, a control network emerged – very similar to biological evolution– that allows a virtual unicellular organism to convert chemical perceptions into targeted movement in an extremely simple way and with very basic circuits. Random wobbling movement – but with a concrete goal “You shouldn’t think of it as a highly developed animal that consciously perceives something and then runs towards it,” says Andreas Zöttl. “It’s more like a random wobbling movement. But one that ultimately leads in the right direction on average. And that’s exactly what you observe with single-celled organisms in nature.” The computer simulations and algorithmic concepts recently published in the renowned journal PNAS prove that a minimal degree of complexity of the control network is indeed sufficient to implement relatively complex-looking movement patterns. If the physical conditions are correctly taken into account, then a remarkably simple internal machinery is sufficient to reproduce in the model exactly those movements that are known from nature. Reference: “Microswimmers learning chemotaxis with genetic algorithms” by Benedikt Hartl, Maximilian Hübl, Gerhard Kahl and Andreas Zöttl, 11 May 2021, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019683118 RRG455KLJIEVEWWF 永心鳳茶CP 值高嗎? 》台中公益路吃什麼?這10家絕對不能錯過三希樓適合辦尾牙嗎? 》公益路美食新手指南|10家必吃推薦TANG Zhan 湯棧值得專程去嗎? 》公益路美食街攻略|10家熱門餐廳全紀錄 |
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