The birth of Psychiatry

Organizing the therapeutic asylum

Two aspects of life in an asylum was considered as therapeutic :( 1) the setting itself with its orderly routines and communal spirit, (2) doctor- patient relationship. Ferriar think the regimen ca help the patient acquire self-discipline and would permit him to “minister to himself”. Esquirol develop the notion of daily regimen itself as therapeutic. The special psychological relationship between psychiatrist and patients sometimes is call “moral therapy”.

Nervous illness and non psychiatrists

The minor mental illness such as anxiety, neurotic depression, and obsessive compulsive behavior were referred to as “nervous illnesses” since C18^t, and recently being called “ neurotic” or” psychoneurotic”. The treatmentè spa doctors in many parts of European countries.

Towards a Biological psychiatry 

The neuroscience is calling the Biological psychiatry. According to Chiarugi,” the nervous system was the basis of mental illness”. For Benjamin Rush: the cause of madness is the problem in blood vessels of the brain. Pinel criticized that the same change can be seem in normal individual. Johann Reil: to cure mental illness, one had to reduce irritability in the substance of the brain itself. Willlian Battie: hereditary as an original or primary cause of madness.

Romantic psychiatry

Romantic psychiatry is emphasizing the problem in one’s personal history and social surroundings. The notable figures: (1) Battie: passions bubbling uncontrollably from the human soul”. Romantic psychiatrists preferred to spend long hours talking to their patients about their subjective experiences. (2) Otto Braus. (3)Karl Wilhelm Ideler: try to prove to the patients that they’ve been the victims of delusive thinking, what the delusions are, how they acquired them, and so forth. (4) German: Johann Christian Heinroth: the professor of psychological therapy.  

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