國標舞初探

前舞總會長曾表示，台灣的國標舞在三十年前領先亞洲，而現在落後亞洲各國。

究其原因，是因為沒有健全的考試制度及比賽制度，私人教學一片混亂，沒有執照及比賽經歷的人都可以教舞，比賽和考試聽說都有人情問題，社會對國標舞也有誤解；加以大部份老師都不懂英文，要知道國標舞是西方發明的運動，是用英文的步子(Figures)或(Steps)等 (Syllabus) 組織舞序，舞步都用詳細的英文字在說明，大部份舞者都看不懂用英文所形容的動作。

最大的問題是私人教師只強調動作的模仿，不強調去記舞步名稱，以致於許多學生學了很多年，卻不記得舞序及舞步，特別是女生，總是說：「只要男生會帶，我就會跳」，其實這樣不論跳幾年下來，總是不知自己在跳什麼步，老師又總是新編自己的舞序，換老師或舞伴，學生就得從頭再練。

英國皇家教師學會規定滑爾滋舞步分為四級：

銅級 (十六步)

銀級 (加九步，共二十五步)

金級 (加七步，共三十二步)

金星級 (加七步，可自創五步)

英國皇家舞蹈教師協會規定業餘教師考試舞序：

(ISTD Dance Examinations Board Tel: +44 (0)20 7377 1577

Imperial House

22/26 Paul Street www.istd.org

London EC2A 4QE)

Amateur Medal Tests

Introduction 3

Entry Conditions and General Information 4

Syllabus Content 6

Method of Assessment 10

Graded Examinations

SYLLABUS OUTLINE OF MODERN BALLROOM FACULTY QUALIFICATIONS

Specified figures

Waltz

Basic Figures

Student Teacher and Bronze

1. Closed Changes

2. Natural Turn

3. Reverse Turn

4. Natural Spin Turn

5. Whisk

6. Chassé from PP

Associate and Bronze

7. Closed Impetus

8. Hesitation Change

9. Outside Change

10. Reverse Corté

11. Back Whisk

12. Basic Weave

13. Double Reverse Spin

14. Reverse Pivot

15. Back Lock

16. Progressive Chassé to R

Standard Figures

Licentiate, Diploma III and Silver

17. Weave from PP

18. Closed Telemark

19. Open Telemark and Cross Hesitation

20. Open Telemark and Wing

21. Open Impetus and Cross Hesitation

22. Open Impetus and Wing

23. Outside Spin

24. Turning Lock

Named Variations

Fellow, Gold and Juvenile Gold Stars

25. Left Whisk

26. Contra Check

27. Closed Wing

28. Turning Lock to R

29. Fallaway Reverse and Slip Pivot

30. Hover Corté

Gold Star (except Juvenile), Diplomas II and I

37

All figures listed plus any suitable variations

Foxtrot

Basic Figures

Student Teacher and Bronze

1. Feather Step

2. Three Step

3. Natural Turn

4. Reverse Turn (incorporating Feather Finish)

5. Closed Impetus and Feather Finish

Associate and Bronze

6. Natural Weave

7. Change of Direction

8. Basic Weave

Standard Figures

Licentiate, Diploma III and Silver

9. Closed Telemark

10. Open Telemark and Feather Ending

11. Top Spin

12. Hover Feather

13. Hover Telemark

14. Natural Telemark

15. Hover Cross

16. Open Telemark, Natural Turn, Outside Swivel, Feather Ending

17. Open Impetus

18. Weave from PP

19. Reverse Wave

Named Variations

Fellow, Gold and Juvenile Gold Stars

20. Natural Twist Turn

21. Curved Feather to Back Feather

22. Natural Zig-Zag from PP

23. Fallaway Reverse and Slip Pivot

24. Natural Hover Telemark

25. Bounce Fallaway with Weave Ending

Gold Star (Except Juvenile), Diplomas II and I

All Figures listed plus any suitable variations

38

Quickstep

Basic Figures

Student Teacher and Bronze

1. Quarter Turn to R

2. Natural Turn

3. Natural Turn with Hesitation

4. Natural Pivot Turn

5. Natural Spin Turn

6. Progressive Chassé

7. Chassé Reverse Turn

8. Forward Lock

Associate and Bronze

9. Closed Impetus

10. Backward Lock

11. Reverse Pivot

12. Progressive Chassé to R

13. Tipple Chassé to R

14. Running Finish

15. Natural Turn and Back Lock

16. Double Reverse Spin

Standard Figures

Licentiate, Diploma III and Silver

17. Quick Open Reverse

18. Fishtail

19. Running Right Turn

20. Four Quick Run

21. V6

22. Closed Telemark

Named Variations

Fellow, Gold and Juvenile Gold Stars

23. Cross Swivel

24. Six Quick Run

25. Rumba Cross

26. Tipsy to R or L

27. Hover Corté

Gold Star (Except Juvenile), Diplomas II and I

All Figures listed plus any suitable variations

Tango

Basic Figures

39

Student Teacher and Bronze

1. Walk

2. Progressive Side Step

3. Progressive Link

4. Closed Promenade

5. Rock Turn

6. Open Reverse Turn, Partner Outside

7. Back Corté

Associate and Bronze

8. Open Reverse Turn, Partner in Line

9. Progressive Side Step Reverse Turn

10. Open Promenade

11. LF and RF Rocks

12. Natural Twist Turn

13. Natural Promenade Turn

Standard Figures

Licentiate, Diploma III And Silver

14. Promenade Link

15. Four Step

16. Back Open Promenade

17. Outside Swivels

18. Fallaway Promenade

19. Four Step Change

20. Brush Tap

Named Variations

Fellow, Gold and Juvenile Gold Stars

21. Fallaway Four Step

22. Oversway

23. Basic Reverse Turn

24. The Chase

25. Fallaway Reverse and Slip Pivot

26. Five Step

27. Contra Check

Gold Star (Except Juvenile), Diplomas II and I

All Figures listed plus any suitable variations

Additional Figures

The following Figures may be danced in Medal Tests and in the practical section of Professional Examinations as indicated:

Student Teacher and Bronze

40

Quickstep

Heel Pivot (Quarter Turn to Left)

Associate and Bronze

Quickstep

Zig Zag, Back Lock and Running Finish

Cross Chassé

Change of Direction

Licentiate, Diploma III and Silver

Waltz

Drag Hesitation

Fellowship, Gold and Above

Waltz

Fallaway Whisk

另一國際舞蹈協會規定

Waltz International Standard Syllabus

Bronze Waltz Steps

Back whisk

Backward lock (IDTA: silver)

Basic weave

Chasse from PP

Closed changes

Closed impetus (IDTA: common figure)

Double reverse spin (IDTA: silver)

Hesitation change

Natural spin turn

Natural turn

Outside change

Progressive chasse to R

Reverse corte

Reverse pivot

Reverse turn

Whisk

Silver Waltz

Closed telemark

Cross hesitation

Drag hesitation (IDTA)

Forward lock (IDTA)

Open impetus

Open telemark

Outside spin

Turning lock

Weave from PP

Wing

Gold Waltz

Closed wing

Contra check

Fallaway natural turn (IDTA)

Fallaway reverse and slip pivot (IDTA: common figure)

Fallaway whisk (IDTA)

Hover corte (ISTD)

Left whisk

Running spin turn (IDTA)

Turning lock to R (IDTA: silver)

How to Dance the Waltz

Waltz is a smooth dance, traveling around the line of dance. It is characterized primarily by its rise & fall action.

The shoulders move smoothly, parallel with the floor, not up and down.

The head should turn in the direction of the turn, otherwise the mans head is upright and looking over the right shoulder of the lady.

The American Waltz is similar to the International style except it has both open and closed dance positions. This allows the American style dancer a unique freedom of expression, including the ability to showcase character and theatrical presentation.

The slow waltz is danced to music written in 3/4 meter with 30 - 32 measures per minute.

Rise and Fall in Waltz

The rise and fall is unique to the waltz. If possible, all the the steps in the waltz should be long.

On the first step forward, the weight is taken on the heel, then on to the ball of the foot.

A gradual rise to the toes should be started at the end of the first beat, and continued to the second and third beat of each bar of music.

Lower to the normal position at the end of the third beat by lowering to the heel of the foot which is carrying the weight.

Waltz Left Foot Change

Mans foot position

Waltz dance step - Left foot change

Waltz dance step - Left foot change

Step diagram by Centralhome.com

Rhythm - One, two, three.

Waltz Right Foot Change

Mans foot position

Waltz-Steps-Right-Foot-Change

Waltz-Steps-Right-Foot-Change

Step diagram by Centralhome.com

Start position - facing line of dance)

Rhythm - One, two, three.

Waltz Left Box

The basic waltz steps looks like a box on the floor. The basic step is called the Left Box. It is a combination of the Left Foot Change (forward) and the Right Foot change (backwards or against the line of dance)

The Box Step can also have a slight amount of turn, from 1/8 to 3/4 turn. The turn is used to turn corners or stay in a small area on a crowded nightclub dance floor.

Mans foot position

Waltz Box Step

Waltz Box Step or Left Box Step

Step diagram by Centralhome.com

Man starts and finished facing Line of Dance

Rhythm - One, two, three. One, two, three.

The man is in closed dance position in front of the woman, facing line of dance. The woman is slightly to the right.

Mans Steps

1. Step forward with the LF.

2. Step forward with the RF so that right foot is parallel to left foot.

3. Bring the LF to the RF.

4. Step back with the RF.

5. Step back with the LF so that the left foot is parallel to right foot.

6. Bring the RF to the LF.

Womans Steps

1. Step back with the RF.

2. Step back with the LF so that the left foot is parallel to right foot.

3. Bring the RF to the LF.

4. Step forward with the LF.

5. Step forward with the RF so that right foot is parallel to left foot.

6. Bring the LF to the RF.

Waltz Forward Progressive

Mans foot position(left foot change and right foot change)

Waltz step - forward progressive

Waltz step - forward progressive

Step diagram by Centralhome.com

Start position (face line of dance)

Rhythm - One, two, three.

Waltz Promenade Step

Mans foot position

Waltz step - promenade

Waltz step - promenade

Step diagram by Centralhome.com

Rhythm - One, two, three.

Click on each Figure for details and video examples.

Pre-Bronze

1. Closed Changes

2. Natural Turn

3. Reverse Turn

4. Natural Spin Turn

5. Whisk

6. Chassé from PP

Bronze

7. Closed Impetus

8. Hesitation Change

9. Outside Change

10. Reverse Corté

11. Back Whisk

12. Basic Weave

13. Double Reverse Spin

14. Reverse Pivot

15. Back Lock

16. Progressive Chassé to Right

Silver

17. Weave from PP

18. Closed Telemark

19. Open Telemark and Cross Hesitation

20. Open Telemark and Wing

21. Open Impetus and Cross Hesitation

22. Open Impetus and Wing

23. Outside Spin

24. Turning Lock

25. Drag Hesitation

Gold

26. Left Whisk

27. Contra Check

28. Closed Wing

29. Turning Lock to Right

30. Fallaway Reverse and Slip Pivot

31. Hover Corté

32. Fallaway Whisk

Notes on the ISTD Syllabus

The syllabus to the left is the most recent iteration, taken from

the 10th Edition of the Ballroom Technique by Alex Moore, last

amended in July 1994.

All competitions prescribing the ISTD syllabus use this list of figures,

with some regional differences noted below. The list is written as

published by the ISTD with one change:

25. Drag Hesitation and 32. Fallaway Whisk are listed in the

Additional Figures section of the syllabus. This is because

they are not required figures for examination. For competitors

and choreographers purposes this distinction doesnt exist, so

they are listed at their respective levels.

A note on Syllabus Amalgamations

For figures 19 through 22, the syllabus can produce the false

impression that these are the only permissible combinations. In

reality, the Cross Hesitation and Wing are allowed from any

Promenade Position. For the sake of clarity, here is each step

pattern listed individually:

19. Open Telemark

20. Open Impetus

21. Cross Hesitation

22. Wing

Exceptions: German dancers competing D-Class/C-Class syllabus

standard under DTV rules must observe the following exceptions:

a) Not Permitted are 26. Left Whisk and 27. Contra Check.

b) Additional Figure: Open Natural Turn from PP.

Waltz Video Analysis

Click here for annotated syllabus Waltz videos.

總之，大部份人學的舞步都已超過金級舞步，但是永遠跳不好，程苑仁老師就說過：「學的舞步愈多，退步愈快。」基本的舞步功夫是要多多練習而已。

而筆者深感：如果大家都不背英文舞步名稱，也不知其文字原意及舞步設計的邏輯原理，那麼一再更換老師及舞伴，仍然永遠互相配不起來，也不可能跳出國標舞的精髓。