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跟著城市嚮導「老臺北胃」,用味道認識臺北很多朋友來臺北, 我怎麼選出這 10 大臺北小吃?在臺北, 一吃就知道:這就是臺灣味燒烤、火鍋很好吃, 不只是好吃,而是有「臺北日常感」臺北的小吃迷人,
吃完之後,你會記得臺北最後一個標準很簡單。 接下來的 10 樣臺北小吃, 第 1 家:饌堂-黑金滷肉飯(雙連店)|一碗就懂臺灣人的日常
如果只能用一道料理, 為什麼第一站,我會選饌堂? 不只是好吃,而是「現在的臺北感」 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是那種吃完會驚呼「哇!」的料理, 地址:103臺北市大同區雙連街55號1樓 電話:0225501379 第 2 家:富宏牛肉麵|臺北深夜也醒著的一碗熱湯
如果說滷肉飯代表的是臺灣人的日常, 為什麼老臺北胃會帶你來吃富宏? 不分時間,任何時候都適合的一碗麵 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是精緻料理, 地址:108臺北市萬華區洛陽街67號 電話:0223713028 菜單:https://www.facebook.com/pages/富宏牛肉麵-原建宏牛肉麵/ 第 3 家:士林夜市・吉彖皮蛋涼麵|臺北夏天最有記憶點的一口清爽
如果你在夏天來到臺北, 為什麼在夜市,我會帶你吃涼麵? 皮蛋,是靈魂,也是臺灣味的關鍵 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是華麗的小吃, 原來臺北的小吃,連氣候都一起考慮進去了。 地址:111臺北市士林區基河路114號 電話:0981014155 菜單:https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100064238763064 第 4 家:胖老闆誠意肉粥|臺北人深夜最踏實的一碗粥
如果你問我, 為什麼這一碗粥,會被叫做「誠意」? 這不是觀光小吃,而是臺北人的生活片段
這些畫面, 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是為了拍照而存在的小吃, 地址:10491臺北市中山區長春路89-3號 電話:0913806139 第 5 家:圓環邊蚵仔煎|夜市裡最不能缺席的臺灣經典
如果要選一道 為什麼蚵仔煎,這麼能代表臺灣? 圓環邊,吃的是記憶感 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
蚵仔煎不是細嚼慢嚥的料理, 地址:103臺北市大同區寧夏路46號 電話:0225580198 菜單:https://oystera.com.tw/menu 第 6 家:阿淑清蒸肉圓|第一次吃肉圓,就該從這裡開始
說到臺灣小吃, 清蒸肉圓,和你想像的不一樣 為什麼我會推薦給第一次來臺北的旅客? 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是夜市裡熱鬧喧囂的料理, 地址:242新北市新莊區復興路一段141號 電話:0229975505 第 7 家:胡記米粉湯|一碗最貼近臺北早晨的味道
如果說前面幾樣小吃, 為什麼米粉湯,這麼「臺北」? 配菜,才是這一碗的靈魂延伸 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是為了觀光而存在的小吃, 地址:106臺北市大安區大安路一段9號1樓 電話:0227212120 第 8 家:藍家割包|一口咬下的臺灣街頭記憶
如果要選一道 割包,為什麼被叫做「臺灣漢堡」? 藍家割包不是走浮誇路線, 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
割包不是精緻料理, 地址:100臺北市中正區羅斯福路三段316巷8弄3號 電話:0223682060 菜單:https://instagram.com/lan_jia_gua_bao?utm_medium=copy_link 第 9 家:御品元冰火湯圓|臺北夜晚最溫柔的一碗甜
吃了一整天的臺北小吃, 為什麼叫「冰火」?這碗湯圓的關鍵就在這裡 這是一碗,會讓人慢下來的甜點 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這不是為了拍照而存在的甜點, 地址:106臺北市大安區通化街39巷50弄31號 電話:0955861816 菜單:https://instagram.com/lan_jia_gua_bao 第 10 家:頃刻間綠豆沙牛奶專賣店|把臺北的味道,留在最後一口清甜
走到這一站, 綠豆沙牛奶,為什麼這麼「臺灣」? 為什麼我會用它當作最後一站? 老臺北胃的帶路小提醒
這一杯, 地址:111臺北市士林區小北街1號 電話:0228818619 菜單:https://instagram.com/chill_out_moment?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y= 如果只有 3 天的自助旅行在臺北,怎麼吃這 10 家?第一次來臺北, 臺北 3 天小吃推薦行程表(老臺北胃版本)
雖然每個小吃的地點都有一點距離,但是你也知道,好吃的小吃,是值得你花一點時間前往品嘗
當你照著這 3 天走完, 老臺北胃帶路|這 10 口,就是我心中的臺北
寫到這裡, 如果你問我,
如果你是第一次來臺北, 阿淑清蒸肉圓不排隊會可惜嗎? 走完這 10 家, 你可能會發現一件事士林夜市-吉彖皮蛋涼麵真的有誠意嗎? 臺北的小吃,其實不急著被你記住。 它們就安靜地存在在街角、夜市、轉彎處,藍家割包外國人能接受嗎? 等你有一天,再回到這座城市。頃刻間綠豆沙牛奶專賣店值得排隊嗎? 如果你是第一次來臺北,頃刻間綠豆沙牛奶專賣店值得專程去嗎? 希望這份「老臺北胃帶路」的清單, 能幫你少一點猶豫、多一點安心。 不用擔心踩雷,胖老闆誠意肉粥早上吃適合嗎? 也不用為了排行而奔波,頃刻間綠豆沙牛奶專賣店真的推薦嗎? 只要照著節奏走, 你就會吃到屬於自己的臺北味道。 而如果你已經來過臺北, 那更希望這篇文章,頃刻間綠豆沙牛奶專賣店會不會太甜? 能帶你走進那些 你可能錯過、卻一直都在的日常小吃。 因為真正迷人的旅行, 從來不是把清單全部打勾, 而是某一天, 你突然想起那碗飯、那口湯、那杯甜,藍家割包在地人怎麼說? 然後在心裡對自己說一句:胡記米粉湯吃過會想再來嗎? 「下次再去臺北,還想再吃一次。」 把這篇文章存起來、分享給一起旅行的人, 或是在規劃行程時,再回來看看。 讓味道,成為你認識臺北的方式。 下一次來臺北, 別急著走遠。 老臺北胃,藍家割包當點心適合嗎? 會一直在這些地方, 等你再回來。 Researchers used advanced technology to analyze DNA elements that control gene expression, revealing how they function differently across cell types. Their machine learning model, MPRALegNet, accurately predicts gene activity and identifies crucial regulatory sequences, offering insights into disease mechanisms and aiding future genomic research. New research adds to our understanding of the function of the human genome. An international team of researchers has made significant progress in understanding how gene expression is regulated across the human genome. In a recent study, they conducted a comprehensive analysis of cis-regulatory elements (CREs)—DNA sequences that control gene transcription. This research provides valuable insights into how CREs drive cell-specific gene expression and how mutations in these regions can impact health and contribute to disease. CREs, such as enhancers and promoters, play a critical role in determining when and where genes are activated or silenced. Although their importance is well known, analyzing their activity on a large scale has been a longstanding challenge. “The human genome contains a myriad of CREs, and mutations in these regions are thought to play a major role in human diseases and evolution,” explained Dr. Fumitaka Inoue, one of the co-first authors of the study. “However, it has been very difficult to comprehensively quantify their activity across the genome.” Innovative Technology Enables Large-Scale CRE Analysis To address this, the team used a cutting-edge technology called the lentivirus-based massively parallel reporter assay (lentiMPRA), which the authors had previously developed. This approach enables simultaneous analysis of thousands of CREs by tagging them with unique DNA barcodes that track their activity. Applying lentiMPRA, the researchers examined as many as 680,000 candidate CREs in three widely used cell types: hepatocytes (cells from the liver), lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), and induced pluripotent stem cells (a type of artificial stem cell made from a normal body cell). Human chromosomes. Credit: ASHBi/Kyoto University The study revealed several key insights. Across the three cell types, approximately 41.7% of the analyzed CREs exhibited activity. Promoters, which start gene transcription, showed a dependence on sequence orientation but were less specific to cell types. Enhancers, which boost gene transcription, were active regardless of their orientation and exhibited cell-type specificity. These findings highlight fundamental differences in how these two types of CREs function. Machine Learning Advances Predictive Gene Regulation In the study, several machine learning models were developed to predict the regulatory activity of CREs based on large-scale experimental data. MPRALegNet, a model trained on the vast lentiMPRA dataset, was found to be the most accurate and efficient in predicting the regulatory activity of any DNA sequence. Its predictions align closely with experimental results, performing as well as experimental replicates in some cases. The model also demonstrated its ability to identify important transcription factor binding motifs—that is, short DNA sequences that determine CRE activity—thus providing insights into how specific factors drive cell-type-specific gene expression. For example, the study identified HNF4 and GATA motifs as crucial for activity in hepatocytes and lymphocytes, respectively. By enabling the precise identification and quantification of enhancer activity, the study opens avenues for exploring the molecular mechanisms of human diseases. Future research will focus on applying this approach to study genetic polymorphisms, the variations in DNA sequence that contribute to individual differences and disease susceptibility. “Recently, the nearly complete human genome has been sequenced, but much of its functional regions remain unknown. Our findings link DNA sequence information with its functional roles. We hope that these results will contribute to a deeper understanding of biological phenomena, including human diseases and evolution,” said Dr. Inoue. This study also contributes a publicly accessible database of CRE activity to the ENCODE portal, providing a valuable resource for researchers worldwide. By integrating large-scale experimental data with machine learning, the work sets a foundation for future discoveries in genomics and personalized medicine. In addition, the use of tools like lentiMPRA and MPRALegNet will help to better equip researchers to unravel the complexities of gene regulation and to explore the vast, uncharted territories of the human genome. Reference: “Massively parallel characterization of transcriptional regulatory elements” by Vikram Agarwal, Fumitaka Inoue, Max Schubach, Dmitry Penzar, Beth K. Martin, Pyaree Mohan Dash, Pia Keukeleire, Zicong Zhang, Ajuni Sohota, Jingjing Zhao, Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares, William S. Noble, Galip Gürkan Yardımcı, Ivan V. Kulakovskiy, Martin Kircher, Jay Shendure and Nadav Ahituv, 15 January 2025, Nature. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08430-9 Recent research has revealed that neurological damage from acute viral infections, like Zika and COVID-19, is caused by the immune system’s response, particularly by a unique population of T cells. This discovery shifts the focus from the viruses to the immune system, offering new avenues for treatment. Credit: SciTechDaily.com A new study discovered that T cells, not viruses, are responsible for neurological damage in diseases like Zika and COVID-19, suggesting new treatment strategies. For years, there has been a long-held belief that acute viral infections like Zika or COVID-19 are directly responsible for neurological damage, but researchers from McMaster University have now discovered that it’s the immune system’s response that is behind it. The research, published today (February 5, 2024) in Nature Communications, was led by Elizabeth Balint, a PhD student at McMaster, and Ali Ashkar, a professor with the Department of Medicine and the Canada Research Chair in Natural Immunity and NK Cell Function. The Role of T Cells in Neurological Diseases “We were interested in trying to understand why so many viral infections are associated with neurological diseases,” says Balint. “Our evidence suggests that it’s not the virus itself that causes the damage, but a unique population of T cells, which are part of the immune system, that are actually responsible for the damage.” To come to this conclusion, the McMaster team focused on Zika virus. During laboratory testing, researchers, as expected, found T cells that were specific for Zika and designed to eliminate infected cells. They found something else, too. “What was interesting in our study is that although we did find some T cells specific for Zika, we identified cells that weren’t functioning like a normal T cell and were killing lots of cells that weren’t infected with Zika.” These cells are called NKG2D+CD8+ T cells and researchers say their aggressive response is responsible for neurological damage suffered from infections beyond just Zika, like COVID-19 and even septic shock. Immune Response and Potential Treatments The aggressive response is the result of the body producing large amounts of inflammatory proteins called cytokines, which in moderation help to coordinate the body’s response in battling an infection or injury by telling immune cells where to go and what to do when they arrive. “If our body’s immune cells overreact and overproduce inflammatory cytokines, this condition will lead to non-specific activation of our immune cells which in turn leads to collateral damage. This can have severe consequences if it happens in the brain,” Ashkar says. The discovery offers researchers and scientists a new target for treatments of neurological diseases sparked by acute viral infections. In fact, Balint has already found a treatment that holds promise. “Elizabeth has experimented with an antibody that can completely block and treat devastating neurotoxicity in the animal model, which is already in clinical trials for different uses in humans,” says Ashkar. Balint hopes to continue her work towards finding a treatment that would be effective in humans. “There are a few different other viruses we’re interested in studying, which will aid us in creating the best treatment options,” Balint says. Reference: “Bystander activated CD8+ T cells mediate neuropathology during viral infection via antigen-independent cytotoxicity” by Elizabeth Balint, Emily Feng, Elizabeth C. Giles, Tyrah M. Ritchie, Alexander S. Qian, Fatemeh Vahedi, Amelia Montemarano, Ana L. Portillo, Jonathan K. Monteiro, Bernardo L. Trigatti and Ali A. Ashkar, 5 February 2024, Nature Communications. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44667-0 Funding for this study was provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Balint is also a recipient of a Canada Graduate Scholarship Doctoral Award. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) leads to significant changes in gene activity throughout the day due to intermittent low blood oxygen, reveals a study by Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. The research, which involved mice exposed to hypoxic conditions, found the largest transcriptional changes in lung genes. The findings offer insights into organ damage in OSA patients and could aid in identifying diagnostic or therapeutic targets. Tracking time-dependent changes may lead to better diagnosis and understanding of health risks. The low blood oxygen levels of obstructive sleep apnea cause widespread changes in gene activity throughout the day, according to a new study in the open-access journal PLOS Biology by David Smith of Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, US, and colleagues. The finding may lead to tools for earlier diagnosis and tracking of the disorder. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs when the airway becomes blocked (usually by soft tissue, associated with snoring and interrupted breathing during the night), resulting in intermittent hypoxia (low blood oxygen) and disrupted sleep. It affects over one billion people worldwide and costs $150 billion per year in direct medical costs in the United States alone. OSA increases the risk for cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, and neurologic complications. Obstructive sleep apnea disrupts gene activity throughout the day in mice. Created with biorender.com. Credit: Bala S. C. Koritala (CC-BY 4.0) The activity of many genes varies naturally throughout the day, partially in response to activity of circadian clock genes, whose regular oscillations drive circadian variation in up to half the genome. Gene activity also varies in response to external factors, including decreases in oxygen levels, which causes production of “hypoxia-inducible factors,” which influence activity of many genes, including clock genes. To better understand how OSA may affect gene activity throughout the day, the authors exposed mice to intermittent hypoxic conditions and examined whole-genome transcription in six tissues—lung, liver, kidney, muscle, heart, and cerebellum—throughout the day. The authors then evaluated variation in the circadian timing of gene expression in these same tissues. The Disruption of Circadian Rhythms in Key Tissues The largest changes were found in the lung, where intermittent hypoxia affected transcription of almost 16% of all genes, most of which were upregulated. Just under 5% of genes were affected in heart, liver, and cerebellum. The subset of genes that normally exhibit circadian rhythmicity were even more strongly affected by intermittent hypoxia, with significant changes seen in 74% of such genes in the lung and 66.9% of such genes in the heart. Among the genes affected in each tissue were known clock genes, an effect that likely contributed to the large changes in circadian activity of other genes seen in these tissues. “Our findings provide novel insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms that could be associated with end-organ damage in patients with chronic exposure to intermittent hypoxia,” Smith said, “and may be useful to identify targets for future mechanistic studies evaluating diagnostic or therapeutic approaches;” for instance, through a blood test tracking one of the dysregulated gene products to detect early OSA. Bala S. C. Koritala adds, “Our study using an animal model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea unveils time- and tissue-specific variations of the whole genome transcriptome and associated hallmark pathways. These unique findings uncover early biological changes linked to this disorder, occurring across multiple organ systems.” Reference: “Obstructive sleep apnea in a mouse model is associated with tissue-specific transcriptomic changes in circadian rhythmicity and mean 24-hour gene expression” by Bala S. C. Koritala, Yin Yeng Lee, Laetitia S. Gaspar, Shweta S. Bhadri, Wen Su, Gang Wu, Lauren J. Francey, Marc D. Ruben, Ming C. Gong, John B. Hogenesch and David F. Smith, 30 May 2023, PLOS Biology. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002139 RE98915RGPOIOKJ 饌堂-黑金滷肉飯(雙連店)吃過會回訪嗎? 》台北夜市美食餐廳推薦Top10|吃貨親訪真實心得圓環邊蚵仔煎會失望嗎? 》台北必吃清單|10家熱門餐廳完整評測御品元冰火湯圓怎麼點比較好? 》台北夜市美食推薦|精選10家不踩雷餐廳 |
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