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林肯發動南北內戰不是為解放黑奴,而是為阻止南北分裂
2010/03/09 10:39:28瀏覽2227|回應0|推薦8

證據一: 
1855年8月24日林肯寫給友人的信中有一段話:
I confess I hate to see the poor creatures hunted down and caught and carried back to their stripes and unrequited toil; but I bite my lips and keep quiet.but I bite my lips and keep quiet.(取自林肯讀本THE LINCOLN READER)
我看到這些黑人被壓迫,我並不愉快,可是我咬住我的嘴唇,保持沈默。
在王世憲的「美國政治傳統與其塑造者」,則譯為「我承認我恨見可憐的傢伙被迫害,但是我卻閉口緘默。」

證據二:
1861年3月4日林肯就職演說開宗明義就表示:
Apprehension seems to exist among the people of the Southern States that by the accession of a Republican Administration their property and their peace and personal security are to be endangered.
There has never been any reasonable cause for such apprehension. Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has all the while existed and been open to their inspection. It is found in nearly all the published speeches of him who now addresses you. I do but quote from one of those speeches when I declare that—
I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so.
南部諸州的人民看起來存在著疑慮:即由共和黨執政意味著他們的財產、和平和人身安全將會出現危險。這種疑慮絕無明智的理由。真的,豐沛的證據就是最有力的證明,供大家去檢視。你們可以從他幾乎所有的演講中發現這一點——就是現在在你們面前演講的這人。我只能從這些演講中挑選一篇,當時我發表宣言--不管是直接地或是間接地,我都無意去干涉蓄奴州的慣例。我相信我沒有這樣做的合法權力,我也不傾向這樣去做。 

證據三:
1862年8月22日林肯寫給紐約論壇報主編格利雷(Horace Greeley)的一封信中有一段話:
My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Unionand is not either to save or to destroy slavery.
If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it;
and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that.
我的最高目的是在保存聯邦,既不是保存奴隸制,也不是廢除奴隸制如果我可以不放任何一個奴隸就能保存聯邦,我就去做;如果解放部分奴隸、不解放其他奴隸就能保存聯邦,我也一樣照辦。

證據四:
林肯是於18614發動南北內戰,在南北內戰打了將近一年半後,直至1862922林肯才發表解放黑奴宣言,且隔年186311才正式生效。
試問,林肯如果是為解放黑奴而發動南北內戰,那林肯應該是在發動南北內戰前,就義正辭嚴發表解放宣言後,再大舉正義大旗直搗南方州才對,怎會在打了一年半後,才發表解放宣言?!
其實說穿了一文不值,當時是聯邦軍戰況不利,林肯為扭轉局勢,才發表要解放不聽聯邦號令的南方州黑奴。

證據五:
林肯發佈的解放宣言中明白表示,解放宣言只適用於不聽聯邦號令的南方州黑奴,至於那些聽號令的南方州黑奴則不適用。
Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, (except the Parishes of St. Bernard, Plaquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James Ascension, Assumption, Terrebonne, Lafourche, St. Mary, St. Martin, and Orleans, including the City of New Orleans) Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia, (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berkley, Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Ann, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth[)], and which excepted parts, are for the present, left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued.
阿肯色、德克薩斯、路易西安那(除去聖伯爾拿、普拉奎明、哲斐孫、聖約翰、聖查理、聖詹姆士、亞森湘、亞森普欣、得裏保恩、拉伐什、聖馬利、聖馬丁以及奧爾良等郡,包括新奧爾良城在內)、密西西比、亞拉巴馬、佛羅裏達、喬治亞、南卡羅來納、北卡羅來納和佛吉尼亞(除去西佛吉尼亞四十八個郡以及柏克立、阿康瑪克、諾珊普頓、依利薩伯、約克、安公主、諾福克等郡包括諾福克和朴茨茅斯兩城在內),不過上面列出的各區域,宣言對之不發生效應,完全和並未頒布一樣。

試問,南北內戰打了一年半後才發表解放宣言就已經夠離譜了,解放黑奴宣言竟然還有選擇性,效力只及於不聽聯邦號令的南方州黑奴,至於聽聯邦號令的南方州則可以繼續畜養黑奴,這算哪門子的解放黑奴?!

我不否認林肯確有同情黑奴之心,也不反對黑奴因南北戰爭,因禍得福而得到解放的機會,但若要把林肯為避免南北分裂而發動南北內戰,美化、扭曲是為解放黑奴而戰,那也太過離譜了,不是嗎?!

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