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英文論文寫作常用介系詞at
2019/10/13 16:47:21瀏覽2987|回應0|推薦17

廖柏森

博客來:https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010854039?sloc=main

1. 介系詞at可表一較為精確的「地點」,例如學校、機構、學術會議或地址等,例如:

at school(在學校)

at California State University(在加州州立大學)

at a conference (在研討會)

at the 34th Annual TESOL Convention(在第 34 屆英語教學年會)

at the following address在以下的地址

 而在寫作時若要指示文本中的特定「位置」,用到介系詞at的情況有:

at the beginning of this thesis(在此論文的開頭)

at the outset of the book(在本書一開始)

at the end of this paper在本文末

at the top/bottom of this page在本頁的上下方

再來看看例句

The majority of the students had taken at least one previous composition class at the university.

這所大學大多數的學生之前至少有修過一門寫作課。

 Four survey responses came from individuals at two institutions.

有四份調查回應來自於兩個機構裡的成員。

 His paper was presented at the meeting of the Hawaii Health Research Association.

他的論文發表於夏威夷衛生研究學會會議上。

 Information about the digital images can be found at the bottom of this page.

關於數位影像的資訊請看此頁的下方。

 2. 介系詞at也可用來表達「時間」上的一點,例如:

at 4:00 p.m.(於下午四點)

at times of difficulty(在困難時)

at the age of 20(在 20 歲時)

 

 或表稍長的時段如:

at dawn在黎明

at noon在中午

at night在晚上

 而在寫作上用得較多的是與時間相關的片語,其所指涉的時間通常較短,如:

at present/at the present time目前

at the moment(當下)

at the same time(同時)

at that time(那時)

at any given time(隨時)

 

請看例句:

At the present time the two countries seem to be moving toward very different conclusions.

目前這兩個國家似乎朝向非常不同的結論。

 Only a very few rules can be consciously applied at any given time.

只有少數幾條規則是隨時能有意識地應用。

 3. 介系詞 at 還可用以表達事物的價格、數值、程度和發展階段等,其所指涉的狀態都是相對較為特定的點,例如:

at the price of $300 per box(每盒 300 元的價錢)

at the speed of 60 kilometers per hour(每小時 60 公里的速度)

at the temperature of 1050°C(溫度攝氏 1050 度)

at the rate of $400 per person-month (每人每月400美)

at the same pace(相同的步調)

at best至多

at most充其量

at least至少

at this level(在這種程度上)

at this point(在這點上)

at various stages(在各種階段)

 

例句如下

The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

平均數的顯著性差異是設在 .05 的水準。

Many students have significant spoken language needs at the advanced and professional levels.

許多學生都有進階和專業程度口語能力的高度需求。

同樣用at搭配表「程度」、「級別」level的片語還有at a very high level, at the same levle, at each level, at most levels, at lower levels, at the theoretical level, at the marco-level等。但如果level是表「平面」、「層面」之意,則介系詞常用on,如on several different levels(從不同層面)。

 At this stage, the social and political climate should be carefully assessed in light of the results.

有鑑於此結果,在這階段對社會和政治的氣候應審慎評估。

同樣用at表達「階段」的片語還有at each stage, at some stage, at any one stage, at early stages, at a late stage, at a later stage等。

 4. 介系詞 at 還可以與其他詞類搭配形成慣用語,例如以下常用於論文寫作的句子:

The present study was aimed at a reexamination of the question of motivation at the theoretical level.

本研究旨在從理論層次重新檢視動機的問題。

動詞aimat搭配形成片語動詞,其義為「目標在於」,此句型常用於撰寫研究目的。

Many studies have arrived at similar conclusions.

許多研究都達至類似的結論。

動詞arriveat搭配形成片語動詞,其義為「達到」,此句型常用於撰寫研究結論。

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