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| Excerpt：王爾德的《不要緊的女人》 像其他的三本喜劇一樣，這本《不要緊的女人》也因台詞奇趣無窮，呼應緊湊，正話可以反說，怪問而有妙答，令人覺得曠代才子王爾德的靈感匪夷所思，一無拘束，像在高速公路上倒開飆車。 ——余光中，〈上流社會之下流——《不要緊的女人》譯後〉 一連四天終於把王爾德的四部喜劇看完，余光中在《不要緊的女人》譯後記提到： 「王爾德的四部喜劇當年 (1893~1895 ) 在倫敦上演，十分轟動。以時序而言，這本《不要緊的女人》是登台的第二齣；但依我中譯出書為序，則是第四齣，也是最後的一齣。」 恰巧這也是自己閱讀的最後一本。 在這一部喜劇裡頭剛好討論到「理想丈夫」，這其實就是另一齣戲的劇名，這一段對話內容妙語如珠，也就特別讓人想要摘要分享。 https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010416011 不要緊的女人 作者：王爾德 譯者：余光中 出版社：九歌 出版日期：2008/10/01 語言：繁體中文 【作者簡介】 王爾德 Oscar Wilde（1854─1900） 英國著名的作家、詩人、戲劇家、藝術家，才華洋溢，睥睨人群。王爾德於1884年結婚，婚後生了兩個孩子。1895年因為與同性友人阿爾弗萊德‧道格拉斯（Lord Alfred Douglas）交往，違反當時社會風俗而被判入獄。1897年獲釋後前去巴黎，直至1900年因病去世。 王爾德的觀點新穎，風格鮮明，在創作上運用豐美的辭藻與華麗的修辭，以絕妙的想像力融入極富於音樂性的文句，並將唯美主義和現實主義的社會批評傾向巧妙結合，諷刺社會，映射人心。著有童話集《快樂王子與其他故事》（The Happy Prince and Other Tales，1888）等；詩集《斯芬克斯》（Sphinx，1894）等；小說《朵連‧格瑞的畫像》（The Picture of Dorian Gray，1891）等；戲劇《溫夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere's Fan，1892）等，另有散文與評論，是不可多得的全才作家。 【Excerpt】 艾太太：易大人，有一樣東西會令我永遠喜歡你。 易大人：只有一樣東西嗎？我的壞處多著呢。 艾太太：啊，也不必因此太得意吧。否則老來你就全喪失了。 易大人：我根本不準備變老。靈魂生來衰老，卻愈來愈年輕。這正是生命的喜劇。 艾太太：而肉體生來年輕，卻愈變愈老。正是生命的悲劇。 易大人：也是喜劇，有時候。可是有什麼神祕的原因會令你永遠喜歡我呢？ 艾太太：那就是你還沒有向我求愛。 易大人：我一直在做的，不全是這件事嗎？ 艾太太：真的嗎？我一直倒沒注意啊。 易大人：幸虧如此！否則對你我都是悲劇。 艾太太：可是彼此都死不了。 易大人：這年頭呀一個人再怎麼都能絕處逢生，除非碰上死亡，而且什麼都能在生前洗刷，除了一世英名。 艾太太：你追求過一世英名嗎？ 易大人：人生千般煩惱之中，這一樁我倒從未遭遇過。 …… Mrs. Allonby. Lord Illingworth, there is one thing I shall always like you for. Lord Illingworth. Only one thing? And I have so many bad qualities. Mrs. Allonby. Ah, don’t be too conceited about them. You may lose them as you grow old. Lord Illingworth. I never intend to grow old. The soul is born old but grows young. That is the comedy of life. Mrs. Allonby. And the body is born young and grows old. That is life’s tragedy. Lord Illingworth. Its comedy also, sometimes. But what is the mysterious reason why you will always like me? Mrs. Allonby. It is that you have never made love to me. Lord Illingworth. I have never done anything else. Mrs. Allonby. Really? I have not noticed it. Lord Illingworth. How fortunate! It might have been a tragedy for both of us. Mrs. Allonby. We should each have survived. Lord Illingworth. One can survive everything nowadays, except death, and live down anything except a good reputation. Mrs. Allonby. Have you tried a good reputation? Lord Illingworth. It is one of the many annoyances to which I have never been subjected. Mrs. Allonby. It may come. 艾太太：男人總想做女人的初戀。這是他們笨拙的虛榮。我們女人看事情哪，天生精明得多了。我們反而要做男人最後的情人。 史夫人：我懂你的意思。說得太美，太美了。 洪夫人：好孩子，難道你是說，你不能原諒丈夫，就因為他從未愛過別人嗎？你聽過這種事情嗎，凱洛琳？我真是驚訝。 龐夫人：哦，女人受的教育太高了，珍，這年頭什麼都嚇不倒我們了，除了幸福的婚姻。幸福的婚姻呀顯然越來越少了，少得可觀。 艾太太：哦，幸福的婚姻已經過時了。 史夫人：除非在中產階級，我聽說。 艾太太：也只配中產階級！ 史夫人：對呀，可不是嗎？——太像，太像中產階級了。 龐夫人：如果中產階級真如你所說的那樣，史夫人，那對他們理則聲譽真是大有幫助。非常遺憾的是，在我們的社交層次，做妻子的竟然要一貫地表現輕浮，因為印象之中貴婦嘛顯然本該如此。上流社會眾所皆知的那許多婚姻所以不幸，我認為原因在此。 艾太太：你知道嗎，龐夫人，我不認為妻子的輕浮跟這件事有什麼關係。這年頭呀，許多婚姻之所以失敗，大半得怪做丈夫的太通情達理。如果男人一定要把女人當成全然可以理喻，我們怎麼能指望，跟那種男人在一起的女人能夠幸福呢？ 洪夫人：我的天！ 艾太太：男人呀，可憐的、可笑的、可靠的、不能缺少的男人，這種性別千萬年來一直都有理可喻。他們改變不了，天生如此。女人的歷史就不同了。我們對付凡事只求合理的惡習，歷來都抗議得有聲有色。從一開始我們就看出只會講理的危險了。 史夫人：對呀，做丈夫的都通情達理，真是非常，非常煩人。你對理想丈夫有什麼看法，務必告訴我。這對我應該非常，非常有用。 艾太太：理想丈夫？沒有這回事。這一套一無是處。 史夫人：那，就請說理想男人跟我們的關係吧。 龐夫人：他也許極端現實。 艾太太：理想的男人！哦，理想男人對我們的口吻，應該把我們當女神，而對我們的態度，應該把我們當小孩。他應該拒絕我們所有的正經要求，而滿足我們一切的幻想。他應該鼓勵我們反覆無常，而不准我們追求使命。他應該永遠言重意輕，更應該經常意深言淺。 洪夫人：可是他怎麼能兩樣兼顧呢？ 艾太太：他絕對不可以挑剔別的美女，否則就會顯得沒有品味，或者令人懷疑品味太高。那不行：他應該善待所有的美女，而說，不知為何她們都迷不了他。 史夫人：對呀，聽人家用這樣口吻說別的女人，總是非常，非常悅耳。 艾太太：不管我們問他什麼問題，他的回答應該只針對我們本身。他讚美我們的，一律是明知我們欠缺的優點。可是我們從未夢想要具備的美德，他卻應該無情地，十分無情地拿來挑剔我們。他絕對不可以相信：我們會知道有用的東西為什麼有用。我們要是知道，就不可原諒了。可是凡我們不要的東西，他卻送得很慷慨。 龐夫人：依我看哪，只要有錢付帳有嘴恭維，就是理想男人了。 …… Mrs. Allonby. Men always want to be a woman’s first love. That is their clumsy vanity. We women have a more subtle instinct about things. What we like is to be a man’s last romance. Lady Stutfield. I see what you mean. It’s very, very beautiful. Lady Hunstanton. My dear child, you don’t mean to tell me that you won’t forgive your husband because he never loved any one else? Did you ever hear such a thing, Caroline? I am quite surprised. Lady Caroline. Oh, women have become so highly educated, Jane, that nothing should surprise us nowadays, except happy marriages. They apparently are getting remarkably rare. Mrs. Allonby. Oh, they’re quite out of date. Lady Stutfield. Except amongst the middle classes, I have been told. Mrs. Allonby. How like the middle classes! Lady Stutfield. Yes—is it not?—very, very like them. Lady Caroline. If what you tell us about the middle classes is true, Lady Stutfield, it redounds greatly to their credit. It is much to be regretted that in our rank of life the wife should be so persistently frivolous, under the impression apparently that it is the proper thing to be. It is to that I attribute the unhappiness of so many marriages we all know of in society. Mrs. Allonby. Do you know, Lady Caroline, I don’t think the frivolity of the wife has ever anything to do with it. More marriages are ruined nowadays by the common sense of the husband than by anything else. How can a woman be expected to be happy with a man who insists on treating her as if she were a perfectly rational being? Lady Hunstanton. My dear! Mrs. Allonby. Man, poor, awkward, reliable, necessary man belongs to a sex that has been rational for millions and millions of years. He can’t help himself. It is in his race. The History of Woman is very different. We have always been picturesque protests against the mere existence of common sense. We saw its dangers from the first. Lady Stutfield. Yes, the common sense of husbands is certainly most, most trying. Do tell me your conception of the Ideal Husband. I think it would be so very, very helpful. Mrs. Allonby. The Ideal Husband? There couldn’t be such a thing. The institution is wrong. Lady Stutfield. The Ideal Man, then, in his relations to us. Lady Caroline. He would probably be extremely realistic. Mrs. Allonby. The Ideal Man! Oh, the Ideal Man should talk to us as if we were goddesses, and treat us as if we were children. He should refuse all our serious requests, and gratify every one of our whims. He should encourage us to have caprices, and forbid us to have missions. He should always say much more than he means, and always mean much more than he says. Lady Hunstanton. But how could he do both, dear? Mrs. Allonby. He should never run down other pretty women. That would show he had no taste, or make one suspect that he had too much. No; he should be nice about them all, but say that somehow they don’t attract him. Lady Stutfield. Yes, that is always very, very pleasant to hear about other women. Mrs. Allonby. If we ask him a question about anything, he should give us an answer all about ourselves. He should invariably praise us for whatever qualities he knows we haven’t got. But he should be pitiless, quite pitiless, in reproaching us for the virtues that we have never dreamed of possessing. He should never believe that we know the use of useful things. That would be unforgiveable. But he should shower on us everything we don’t want. Lady Caroline. As far as I can see, he is to do nothing but pay bills and compliments. 【原文參考資料】 https://gutenberg.org/files/854/854-h/854-h.htm The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Woman of No Importance, by Oscar Wilde |
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