Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin  Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин, tr. Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin; IPA: was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era^[] who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet^[3][4][5][6] and the founder of modern Russian literature

Pushkin was born into Russian nobility in Moscow. His matrilineal great-grandfather was Abram Petrovich Gannibal, who was kidnapped from Eritrea and raised in the household of Peter the Great. Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum.

While under the strict surveillance of the Tsar's political police and unable to publish, Pushkin wrote his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov. His novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, was serialized between 1825 and 1832.

Pushkin was fatally wounded in a duel with his brother-in-law, Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès, also known as Dantes-Gekkern, a French officer serving with the Chevalier Guard Regiment who attempted to seduce the poet's wife, Natalia Pushkina.

 亞歷山大·謝爾蓋耶維奇·普希金,詩人，劇作家，小說家，文學批評家和理論家，歷史學家，政論家。俄國浪漫主義的傑出代表，俄國現實主義文學的奠基人，是十九世紀前期文學領域中最具聲望的人物之一，被尊稱為「俄國詩歌的太陽」、「俄國文學之父」，現代標準俄語的創始人。普希金的詩體小說《葉甫根尼·奧涅金》全景式地展示了當時俄國社會的全貌堪稱「俄國生活的百科全書」。他不僅支持十二月黨人的某些觀點，更在自己的作品中提出了那個時代的主要社會性的問題：專制制度與民眾的關係問題，貴族的生活道路問題、農民問題；塑造了有高度概括意義的典型形象：「多餘人」、「金錢騎士」、「小人物」、農民運動領袖。這些問題的提出和文學形象的產生，大大促進了俄國社會思想的前進，有利於喚醒人民，有利於俄國解放運動的發展。 　　 普希金的優秀作品達到了內容與形式的高度統一，他的抒情詩內容豐富、感情深摯、形式靈活、結構精巧、韻律優美。他的散文及小說情節集中、結構嚴整、描寫生動簡練。普希金的創作對俄羅斯現實主義文學及世界文學的發展都有重要影響，高爾基稱之為「一切開端的開端」。^[1]。代表作有詩歌《自由頌》、《致大海》、《致恰達耶夫》、《我記得那美妙的一瞬》、《魯斯蘭和柳德米拉》、《青銅騎士》等，詩體小說《葉甫蓋尼·奧涅金》，短篇小說《黑桃皇后》、中篇小說《上尉的女兒》等。

青銅騎士：彼得堡的故事 (俄語：Медный всадник: Петербургская повесть) 是普希金在1833年創作的關於聖彼得堡彼得大帝青銅騎士像的敘事詩。該詩被公認為普希金最成功的敘事詩創作，並且對俄國文學有著深遠的影響。^] 聖彼得堡的青銅騎士像也因為這首詩而聞名於世